{"id":"https://openalex.org/W74007676","doi":null,"title":"[Biological vulnerability to depressive disorders].","display_name":"[Biological vulnerability to depressive disorders].","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W74007676","mag":"74007676","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7895629"},"language":"fr","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:7895629","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7895629","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"L'Encephale","raw_type":"English Abstract"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110409548","display_name":"M F Poirier","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124863","display_name":"Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne","ror":"https://ror.org/02kxjxy06","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124863"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"M F Poirier-Littr\u00e9","raw_affiliation_strings":["Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de Sant\u00e9 mentale et de Th\u00e9rapeutique, H\u00f4pital Sainte-Anne, Paris"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de Sant\u00e9 mentale et de Th\u00e9rapeutique, H\u00f4pital Sainte-Anne, Paris","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210124863"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5110409548"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210124863"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.00645856,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"20 Spec No 4","issue":null,"first_page":"629","last_page":"38"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10529","display_name":"Stress Responses and Cortisol","score":0.8012999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2802","display_name":"Behavioral Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10529","display_name":"Stress Responses and Cortisol","score":0.8012999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2802","display_name":"Behavioral Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11071","display_name":"Treatment of Major Depression","score":0.12300000339746475,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10056","display_name":"Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior","score":0.03060000017285347,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/depression","display_name":"depression","score":0.871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biological-vulnerability","display_name":"biological vulnerability","score":0.8870000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomarkers","display_name":"biomarkers","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neurotransmitters","display_name":"neurotransmitters","score":0.8019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroendocrine-system","display_name":"neuroendocrine system","score":0.5040000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroimmune-interactions","display_name":"neuroimmune interactions","score":0.6800000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stress","display_name":"stress","score":0.6420000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kindling","display_name":"kindling","score":0.9419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/repeated-stress","display_name":"repeated stress","score":0.6069999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transcription-factors","display_name":"transcription factors","score":0.7649999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/limbic-system","display_name":"limbic system","score":0.8980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-susceptibility","display_name":"genetic susceptibility","score":0.6140000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mood-disorders","display_name":"mood disorders","score":0.7509999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroplasticity","display_name":"neuroplasticity","score":0.7789999842643738}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.7044159173965454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46699223","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11078","display_name":"Endocrine system","level":3,"score":0.5832594633102417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529278444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47273","display_name":"Central nervous system","level":2,"score":0.5396556854248047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95713431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631425","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","level":2,"score":0.47586697340011597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148762608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3748185","display_name":"Hippocampal formation","level":2,"score":0.4637181758880615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776867660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1814941","display_name":"Depression (economics)","level":2,"score":0.42096731066703796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4147469997406006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3754403293132782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3617057800292969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.325094610452652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71315377","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11364","display_name":"Hormone","level":2,"score":0.26950281858444214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.19145888090133667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.16357767581939697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95444343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141","display_name":"Cell biology","level":1,"score":0.1420847475528717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003866","descriptor_name":"Depressive Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003866","descriptor_name":"Depressive Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003866","descriptor_name":"Depressive Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009473","descriptor_name":"Neuronal Plasticity","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012307","descriptor_name":"Risk Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015415","descriptor_name":"Biomarkers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017981","descriptor_name":"Receptors, Neurotransmitter","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018377","descriptor_name":"Neurotransmitter Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:7895629","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7895629","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"L'Encephale","raw_type":"English Abstract"},{"id":"mag:74007676","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7895629","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9537000060081482}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1571697300","https://openalex.org/W7095240980","https://openalex.org/W2410076889","https://openalex.org/W3092702856","https://openalex.org/W1601072069","https://openalex.org/W4211242871","https://openalex.org/W4392095128","https://openalex.org/W2028350435","https://openalex.org/W4210464563","https://openalex.org/W2476668155"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"For":[0],"some":[1,326,358],"20":[2],"years,":[3],"numerous":[4],"research":[5],"teams":[6],"have":[7,17,162,194,212],"sort":[8,297],"to":[9,85,123,178,187,198,225,233,243,256,279,289,306,321,384,398],"identify":[10],"specific":[11,80],"biological":[12,121],"markers":[13],"for":[14,319],"depression.":[15,378],"There":[16],"been":[18,195,213],"three":[19],"main":[20],"stages":[21],"in":[22,32,92,100,160,220,248,271,275,282,285,292,325,346,373,386],"this":[23,343],"search,":[24],"each":[25,188],"of":[26,42,45,50,52,60,63,70,79,95,120,125,134,140,228,235,259,298,316,323,336,357,376,391],"which":[27,83,394],"was":[28],"characterized":[29],"by":[30,263,340],"progress":[31],"the":[33,43,61,96,103,117,129,145,151,179,182,202,216,229,249,257,293,314,334,337,341,361,374,377,388],"technologies":[34],"then":[35],"available.":[36],"The":[37,74,154,237],"first":[38,130,331],"stage":[39,105],"involved":[40,77,107,274,372],"evaluation":[41],"activity":[44,62],"known":[46],"neurotransmitters,":[47],"involving":[48],"assay":[49],"concentrations":[51],"precursors":[53],"or":[54,168,350,354,369],"catabolites,":[55],"as":[56,58,246],"well":[57],"measurement":[59,119],"enzymes":[64],"regulating":[65],"synthesis":[66],"and":[67,72,88,113,171,205,208,400],"catabolism,":[68],"rate":[69],"up-take":[71],"storage.":[73],"second":[75],"phase":[76],"use":[78],"radioactive":[81],"ligands":[82],"bind":[84],"neuronal":[86,392],"membranes":[87],"receptors.":[89],"This":[90],"allowed":[91],"vivo":[93],"exploration":[94],"central":[97,126,141],"nervous":[98,142],"system":[99,143,189],"man.":[101],"Finally,":[102,309,379],"third":[104,146],"has":[106],"a":[108,136,226,296,317,330,352,355],"functional":[109],"approach,":[110],"both":[111],"cellular":[112],"systemic,":[114],"based":[115],"upon":[116],"dynamic":[118],"response":[122],"stimuli":[124],"origin.":[127],"While":[128],"two":[131],"approaches":[132],"are":[133,395],"course":[135],"rather":[137],"indirect":[138],"reflection":[139],"function,":[144],"allows":[147],"assessment":[148],"interactions":[149,180,200],"between":[150,181,201],"various":[152,183],"systems.":[153],"countless":[155],"laboratory":[156],"studies":[157,193],"carried":[158,196],"out":[159,197],"depression":[161,221],"not":[163],"provided":[164],"useful":[165],"etiologic,":[166],"diagnostic":[167],"therapeutic":[169],"results,":[170],"currently,":[172],"far":[173,303],"more":[174,304],"attention":[175],"is":[176,328,381],"given":[177],"neurotransmitter":[184],"systems":[185],"than":[186],"taken":[190],"individually.":[191],"Numerous":[192],"assess":[199],"neurological,":[203],"immunological":[204,210],"endocrine":[206,217],"systems,":[207,393],"abnormal":[209],"parameters":[211],"reported.":[214],"Similarly,":[215],"disorders":[218,322],"seen":[219],"could":[222,239,268,287,365],"be":[223,241],"attributable":[224],"disorganization":[227],"hippocampal-hypothalamic-adrenalin":[230],"axis":[231],"due":[232,242],"accumulation":[234],"stress.":[236,265],"vulnerability":[238],"also":[240],"preclinical":[244],"sensitization,":[245],"described":[247],"\"kindling\"":[250],"model.":[251],"Post":[252],"gave":[253],"particular":[254],"importance":[255],"role":[258],"biochemical":[260],"modifications":[261,267,291],"induced":[262],"repetitive":[264],"Long-term":[266],"involve":[269],"changes":[270,281],"transcription":[272],"factors":[273,371],"protein":[276,338,344],"synthesis,":[277],"leading":[278],"long-term":[280],"peptides":[283],"which,":[284],"turn,":[286],"lead":[288],"neurobiological":[290],"limbic":[294],"system,":[295],"\"depression":[299],"memory\"":[300],"rendering":[301],"patients":[302],"vulnerable":[305],"subsequent":[307],"episodes.":[308],"we":[310],"would":[311],"note":[312],"that":[313],"identification":[315],"gene":[318],"susceptibility":[320],"mood":[324],"families":[327],"only":[329],"step":[332],"towards":[333],"characterization":[335],"produced":[339],"gene;":[342],"should":[345],"turn":[347],"either":[348],"modulate":[349],"produce":[351],"signal":[353],"message":[356],"sort.":[359],"Furthermore,":[360],"genetic":[362],"component":[363],"itself":[364],"act":[366],"via":[367],"environmental":[368],"relational":[370],"genesis":[375],"it":[380],"very":[382],"important":[383],"bear":[385],"mind":[387],"great":[389],"plasticity":[390],"continuously":[396],"subject":[397],"adaptation":[399],"modulation":[401],"phenomena.":[402]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}