{"id":"https://openalex.org/W72734732","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/0198294468.003.0013","title":"Conclusion: Senior Officials in Western Europe","display_name":"Conclusion: Senior Officials in Western Europe","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-12-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W72734732","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/0198294468.003.0013","mag":"72734732"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/0198294468.003.0013","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/0198294468.003.0013","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/0198294468.003.0013","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463708","display_name":"Oxford University Press eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bureaucratic Elites in Western European States","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W398532289","display_name":"Bureaucratic Elites in Western European States"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082657011","display_name":"Edward C. Page","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7117-3342","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7117-3342"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edward C. Page","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111708579","display_name":"Vincent Wright","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vincent Wright","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":55.109,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":65,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99688166,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"266","last_page":"280"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13988","display_name":"Public Administration and Governance","score":0.7372999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13988","display_name":"Public Administration and Governance","score":0.7372999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10213","display_name":"Public Policy and Administration Research","score":0.1574999988079071,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3321","display_name":"Public Administration"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13459","display_name":"Public Administration and Political Analysis","score":0.05270000174641609,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bureaucracy","display_name":"bureaucracy","score":0.7289999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/senior-officials","display_name":"senior officials","score":0.7289999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-control-of-bureaucracy","display_name":"political control of bureaucracy","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bureaucratic-efficiency","display_name":"bureaucratic efficiency","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-elites","display_name":"political elites","score":0.5529999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deinstitutionalization","display_name":"deinstitutionalization","score":0.9679999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/western-europe","display_name":"Western Europe","score":0.671999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bureaucratic-reform","display_name":"bureaucratic reform","score":0.33000001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-administration","display_name":"public administration","score":0.3610000014305115}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51575053","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72468","display_name":"Bureaucracy","level":3,"score":0.9485944509506226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.7387896180152893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.5845755338668823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138921699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47555","display_name":"Political economy","level":1,"score":0.5257744789123535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33566652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1065927","display_name":"Theme (computing)","level":2,"score":0.509859025478363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.4826396107673645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3116431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728","display_name":"Public administration","level":1,"score":0.3373830318450928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.28843384981155396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.1274816393852234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.09988915920257568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.09134519100189209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/0198294468.003.0013","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/0198294468.003.0013","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/0198294468.003.0013","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463708","display_name":"Oxford University Press eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bureaucratic Elites in Western European States","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.666700005531311,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1481985072","https://openalex.org/W1897165225","https://openalex.org/W2087899043","https://openalex.org/W2163433990","https://openalex.org/W2606985646","https://openalex.org/W4254309573"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W398532289","https://openalex.org/W7027030618","https://openalex.org/W2104110040","https://openalex.org/W3027446466","https://openalex.org/W2553538492","https://openalex.org/W4206438732","https://openalex.org/W2317998423","https://openalex.org/W7223206427","https://openalex.org/W2050311064","https://openalex.org/W2033696907"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1,115,135],"conclusion":[2],"starts":[3],"by":[4],"noting":[5],"that":[6,74,139,155,186],"there":[7,140],"are":[8,30,119],"clearly":[9],"highly":[10],"diverse":[11],"trends":[12],"in":[13,18,24,70,108,122,132,177],"the":[14,54,102,109,146,160,191],"development":[15,147],"of":[16,28,56,98,106,112,148,159,167,174],"bureaucracy":[17,178],"Western":[19],"Europe,":[20],"and":[21,61,82,100,104,130,152],"that,":[22],"although":[23],"some":[25],"countries":[26,78],"patterns":[27],"change":[29,33,176],"quite":[31],"distinct,":[32],"does":[34],"not":[35],"appear":[36],"to":[37,66,68,91,157,181],"have":[38,79,187],"followed":[39],"any":[40],"one":[41],"expected":[42],"pattern":[43],"or":[44,165],"scale.":[45],"It":[46],"then":[47,120],"looks":[48],"at":[49],"two":[50,86,116],"central":[51,87,117],"questions":[52,118],"for":[53],"role":[55],"bureaucracy:":[57],"its":[58],"political":[59,125,133,153,168,184],"controllability":[60],"efficiency.":[62],"These":[63],"enable":[64],"us":[65,90],"point":[67],"differences":[69],"broad":[71],"underlying":[72,145],"principles":[73],"reflect":[75],"how":[76],"different":[77,96],"traditionally":[80],"understood":[81],"dealt":[83],"with":[84],"these":[85],"problems,":[88],"allow":[89],"make":[92],"important":[93],"distinctions":[94],"between":[95,150],"forms":[97],"bureaucracies,":[99],"explore":[101],"causes":[103],"character":[105],"changes":[107,131,185],"senior":[110],"ranks":[111],"post\u2010war":[113],"bureaucracies.":[114],"examined":[121],"sections":[123],"on":[124,193],"control,":[126],"performance,":[127],"managerial":[128],"changes,":[129],"control.":[134],"concluding":[136],"section":[137],"finds":[138],"is":[141,179],"a":[142,163,172],"common":[143],"theme":[144],"relationships":[149],"bureaucratic":[151],"elites":[154],"applies":[156],"most":[158],"country":[161],"studies:":[162],"deinstitutionalization":[164],"personalization":[166],"trust.":[169],"Understood":[170],"as":[171],"question":[173],"trust,":[175],"linked":[180],"much":[182],"wider":[183],"been":[188],"identified":[189],"outside":[190],"literature":[192],"bureaucracy.":[194]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}