{"id":"https://openalex.org/W72608510","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2172/5122662","title":"Long-term protection of uranium mill tailings","display_name":"Long-term protection of uranium mill tailings","publication_year":1984,"publication_date":"1984-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W72608510","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2172/5122662","mag":"72608510"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2172/5122662","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2172/5122662","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2172/5122662","pdf_url":"https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/5122662","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL)","raw_type":"report"},"volume":null,"type":"report","is_traditional":false,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/5122662","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058598610","display_name":"Peter A. Beedlow","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142606810","display_name":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/05h992307","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325736334","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I142606810","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P.A. Beedlow","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pacific Northwest Laboratory Richland, Washington 99352"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pacific Northwest Laboratory Richland, Washington 99352","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142606810"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113771699","display_name":"J.N. Hartley","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J.N. Hartley","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12865","display_name":"Tailings Management and Properties","score":0.9369999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12865","display_name":"Tailings Management and Properties","score":0.9369999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11952","display_name":"Landfill Environmental Impact Studies","score":0.042500000447034836,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2311","display_name":"Waste Management and Disposal"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13923","display_name":"Nuclear and radioactivity studies","score":0.009800000116229057,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uranium-mill-tailings","display_name":"uranium mill tailings","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/long-term-protection","display_name":"long-term protection","score":0.5600000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protective-cover","display_name":"protective cover","score":0.7179999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radon-barriers","display_name":"radon barriers","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liners","display_name":"LINERs","score":0.8330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-moisture","display_name":"soil moisture","score":0.8659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leaching","display_name":"leaching","score":0.8109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tailings-piles","display_name":"tailings piles","score":0.7829999923706055}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5166401","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1784525","display_name":"Tailings","level":2,"score":0.8800653219223022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777019822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q390066","display_name":"Containment (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.629077672958374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5991382002830505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90982505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16938886","display_name":"Leaching (pedology)","level":3,"score":0.47835344076156616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.4579019546508789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176864760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217651","display_name":"Moisture","level":2,"score":0.4494216740131378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545943180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133","display_name":"Radon","level":2,"score":0.44062134623527527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87717796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146326","display_name":"Environmental engineering","level":1,"score":0.3993352949619293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.27174174785614014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159750122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96621023","display_name":"Soil water","level":2,"score":0.25850623846054077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159390177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9161265","display_name":"Soil science","level":1,"score":0.08687835931777954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.07139459252357483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2172/5122662","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2172/5122662","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2172/5122662","pdf_url":"https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/5122662","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL)","raw_type":"report"},{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:5122662","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/5122662","pdf_url":"https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/5122662","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:info:ark/67531/metadc1057682","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1057682/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400792","display_name":"University of North Texas Digital Library (University of North Texas)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I123534392","host_organization_name":"University of North Texas","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123534392"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Report"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2172/5122662","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2172/5122662","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2172/5122662","pdf_url":"https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/5122662","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL)","raw_type":"report"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","score":0.5925999879837036},{"display_name":"Life on land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.4390000104904175}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W72608510.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W72608510.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W95523871","https://openalex.org/W129180337","https://openalex.org/W188663902","https://openalex.org/W262319333","https://openalex.org/W1482686941","https://openalex.org/W1510109251","https://openalex.org/W1728792544","https://openalex.org/W2043644329","https://openalex.org/W2059149928","https://openalex.org/W2065595888","https://openalex.org/W2079160504","https://openalex.org/W2153715840","https://openalex.org/W2168650118","https://openalex.org/W2796761791","https://openalex.org/W4243343768","https://openalex.org/W4289255360","https://openalex.org/W4311834446"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1538448277","https://openalex.org/W1504400990","https://openalex.org/W1601803567","https://openalex.org/W2464770609","https://openalex.org/W1486909904","https://openalex.org/W260079278","https://openalex.org/W107218862","https://openalex.org/W122070418","https://openalex.org/W2791260212","https://openalex.org/W3206887457"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"US":[0],"Environmental":[1],"Protection":[2],"Agency":[3],"standards":[4],"for":[5,18,27,39,138],"the":[6,46,85,88,91,96,107,115,128,139,143,167,179],"cleanup":[7],"and":[8,90,146,169,182,184],"disposal":[9,19],"of":[10,20,48,59,66,84,109,117,127,142,150,166],"inactive":[11],"tailings":[12,21,172],"sites":[13],"require":[14],"that":[15,153],"control":[16,45,108],"measures":[17],"be":[22,25,57],"designed":[23],"to":[24,29,61,95,114,124,136,147,159],"effective":[26,140],"up":[28],"1000":[30],"years":[31,41],"if":[32],"reasonably":[33],"achievable,":[34],"and,":[35,77],"in":[36,78],"any":[37],"case,":[38],"200":[40],"at":[42],"least.":[43],"To":[44],"escape":[47],"contaminants":[49],"over":[50],"such":[51],"long":[52],"periods,":[53],"containment":[54,68,118,129],"systems":[55],"must":[56],"capable":[58],"adjusting":[60],"changing":[62],"environmental":[63],"conditions.":[64],"Elements":[65],"a":[67,163],"system":[69,86,93,130],"include":[70],"surface":[71],"covers,":[72,162],"biotic":[73],"barriers,":[74,76],"radon":[75,144],"some":[79],"cases,":[80],"liners.":[81],"Each":[82],"element":[83],"affects":[87],"others,":[89],"whole":[92],"responds":[94],"surrounding":[97],"environment.":[98],"Interaction":[99],"is":[100,112,174],"facilitated":[101],"primarily":[102],"by":[103,131],"soil":[104,110],"moisture.":[105],"Consequently,":[106],"moisture":[111],"critical":[113],"effectiveness":[116],"systems.":[119],"Protective":[120],"covers":[121],"are":[122],"necessary":[123],"prevent":[125,148],"disruption":[126],"physical":[132],"or":[133],"biological":[134],"factors,":[135],"provide":[137],"functioning":[141],"barrier,":[145],"infiltration":[149],"excess":[151],"water":[152],"could":[154],"cause":[155],"leaching.":[156],"In":[157],"order":[158],"design":[160],"protective":[161],"working":[164],"knowledge":[165],"factors":[168,181],"processes":[170],"impacting":[171],"piles":[173],"required.":[175],"This":[176],"report":[177],"characterizes":[178],"major":[180],"processes,":[183],"presents":[185],"generic":[186],"solutions":[187],"based":[188],"on":[189],"current":[190],"research.":[191],"65":[192],"references,":[193],"9":[194],"figures,":[195],"6":[196],"tables.":[197]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
