{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225834844","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics14110286","title":"Tuning Green Upconversion in CaY2Sc2\u2212xMxAl2GeO12:Er3+ Garnets (M = Al, Ga, In) Through Octahedral Cation Substitution","display_name":"Tuning Green Upconversion in CaY2Sc2\u2212xMxAl2GeO12:Er3+ Garnets (M = Al, Ga, In) Through Octahedral Cation Substitution","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225834844","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics14110286"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/inorganics14110286","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics14110286","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics14110286","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737417813","display_name":"Inorganics","issn_l":"2304-6740","issn":["2304-6740"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Inorganics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics14110286","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068120148","display_name":"Jiajun Feng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0394-3340","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0394-3340"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183816158","display_name":"Zhaoqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/025n5kj18","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183816158"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiajun Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, New Energy and New Materials Research Center, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing 526061, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0394-3340","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, New Energy and New Materials Research Center, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing 526061, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183816158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104346401","display_name":"Junyuan Liang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183816158","display_name":"Zhaoqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/025n5kj18","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183816158"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junyuan Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, New Energy and New Materials Research Center, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing 526061, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, New Energy and New Materials Research Center, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing 526061, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183816158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161433668","display_name":"Qiongye Li","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183816158","display_name":"Zhaoqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/025n5kj18","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183816158"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiongye Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, New Energy and New Materials Research Center, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing 526061, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, New Energy and New Materials Research Center, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing 526061, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183816158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160153897","display_name":"Yanjing Wu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183816158","display_name":"Zhaoqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/025n5kj18","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183816158"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanjing Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, New Energy and New Materials Research Center, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing 526061, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, New Energy and New Materials Research Center, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing 526061, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183816158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100353948","display_name":"Xin Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7837-7874","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7837-7874"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183816158","display_name":"Zhaoqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/025n5kj18","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183816158"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaofeng Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, New Energy and New Materials Research Center, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing 526061, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, New Energy and New Materials Research Center, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing 526061, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183816158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083990862","display_name":"Ying Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9803-262X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9803-262X","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3661-9265"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183816158","display_name":"Zhaoqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/025n5kj18","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183816158"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, New Energy and New Materials Research Center, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing 526061, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, New Energy and New Materials Research Center, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing 526061, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183816158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160789399","display_name":"Jiayue Liu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183816158","display_name":"Zhaoqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/025n5kj18","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183816158"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiayue Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, New Energy and New Materials Research Center, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing 526061, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, New Energy and New Materials Research Center, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing 526061, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183816158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161432131","display_name":"Xin Wu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183816158","display_name":"Zhaoqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/025n5kj18","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183816158"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, New Energy and New Materials Research Center, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing 526061, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, New Energy and New Materials Research Center, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing 526061, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183816158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161432955","display_name":"Meihua Li","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183816158","display_name":"Zhaoqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/025n5kj18","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183816158"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Meihua Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, New Energy and New Materials Research Center, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing 526061, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, New Energy and New Materials Research Center, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing 526061, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183816158"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100610266","display_name":"Xiang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6804-2616","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6804-2616"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183816158","display_name":"Zhaoqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/025n5kj18","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183816158"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, New Energy and New Materials Research Center, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing 526061, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, New Energy and New Materials Research Center, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing 526061, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183816158"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100610266","https://openalex.org/A5161432955"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183816158"],"apc_list":{"value":2200,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2654},"apc_paid":{"value":2200,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2654},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"11","first_page":"286","last_page":"286"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10097","display_name":"Luminescence Properties of Advanced Materials","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10097","display_name":"Luminescence Properties of Advanced Materials","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11127","display_name":"Solid State Laser Technologies","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11216","display_name":"Radiation Detection and Scintillator Technologies","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11630735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187864","display_name":"Photon upconversion","level":3,"score":0.9442999958992004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.7368999719619751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124385694","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11248330","display_name":"Phosphor","level":2,"score":0.6407999992370605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198819137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188884","display_name":"Octahedron","level":3,"score":0.578000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206991015","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192704","display_name":"Energy conversion efficiency","level":2,"score":0.5435000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.4918999969959259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778220771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1522579","display_name":"Substitution (logic)","level":2,"score":0.46970000863075256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115624301","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q895901","display_name":"Crystal structure","level":2,"score":0.4645000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781285689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21921428","display_name":"Crystal (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.4537000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983155866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7294540","display_name":"Rare earth","level":2,"score":0.423799991607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73922627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q754943","display_name":"Single crystal","level":2,"score":0.36469998955726624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24444364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q473227","display_name":"Cubic crystal system","level":2,"score":0.34630000591278076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8010536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160398","display_name":"Crystallography","level":1,"score":0.3456000089645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.32420000433921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775987729","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2336758","display_name":"Green-light","level":3,"score":0.31850001215934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.31690001487731934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138999460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q787619","display_name":"Solid solution","level":2,"score":0.3061000108718872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201770740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19569","display_name":"Lanthanide","level":3,"score":0.29030001163482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C533668322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q942","display_name":"Bismuth","level":2,"score":0.2773999869823456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26456737","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185154","display_name":"Crystal growth","level":2,"score":0.27630001306533813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207114421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133900","display_name":"Diffraction","level":2,"score":0.2709999978542328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113196181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485223","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry (journal)","level":2,"score":0.26660001277923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145148216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36496","display_name":"Ion","level":2,"score":0.2531000077724457}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/inorganics14110286","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics14110286","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics14110286","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737417813","display_name":"Inorganics","issn_l":"2304-6740","issn":["2304-6740"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Inorganics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/inorganics14110286","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics14110286","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics14110286","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737417813","display_name":"Inorganics","issn_l":"2304-6740","issn":["2304-6740"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Inorganics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W614138611","https://openalex.org/W1530232022","https://openalex.org/W2041163617","https://openalex.org/W2049732485","https://openalex.org/W2067257097","https://openalex.org/W2135163689","https://openalex.org/W2157709239","https://openalex.org/W2167590372","https://openalex.org/W2291752069","https://openalex.org/W2330860012","https://openalex.org/W2548000261","https://openalex.org/W2549624518","https://openalex.org/W2601083847","https://openalex.org/W2761473573","https://openalex.org/W2805982916","https://openalex.org/W2897092630","https://openalex.org/W2908016787","https://openalex.org/W2969951174","https://openalex.org/W3021000031","https://openalex.org/W3139296553","https://openalex.org/W3183224612","https://openalex.org/W3203140764","https://openalex.org/W4206298770","https://openalex.org/W4288046619","https://openalex.org/W4307805227","https://openalex.org/W4316096729","https://openalex.org/W4362640928","https://openalex.org/W4387669120","https://openalex.org/W4392134847","https://openalex.org/W4394580081","https://openalex.org/W4395084519","https://openalex.org/W4407696565","https://openalex.org/W4409176703","https://openalex.org/W4409800879","https://openalex.org/W4410941283","https://openalex.org/W4412040008","https://openalex.org/W4412423047","https://openalex.org/W4412882906","https://openalex.org/W4413903664","https://openalex.org/W4414677677","https://openalex.org/W4415355220","https://openalex.org/W4415427240","https://openalex.org/W4416731485","https://openalex.org/W7138898815","https://openalex.org/W7154743100","https://openalex.org/W7161994684","https://openalex.org/W7163635406","https://openalex.org/W7168179551","https://openalex.org/W7196959381","https://openalex.org/W7211988083","https://openalex.org/W7212442386"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Rare-earth-doped":[0],"upconversion":[1,41,123],"phosphors":[2],"continue":[3],"to":[4,58],"attract":[5],"interest":[6],"for":[7,121],"optoelectronics":[8],"and":[9,53,105,118],"bio-labeling,":[10],"yet":[11],"their":[12],"low":[13],"conversion":[14],"efficiency":[15,124],"remains":[16],"a":[17,116],"persistent":[18],"bottleneck.":[19],"Here":[20],"we":[21],"report":[22],"how":[23],"substitution":[24],"of":[25,45,79,97],"the":[26,39,67,71,80,85],"octahedral-site":[27,112],"Sc3+":[28],"in":[29,95,125],"CaY2Sc2Al2GeO12":[30],"(CYSAG)":[31],"garnets":[32,47],"by":[33,50],"Al3+,":[34],"Ga3+":[35],"or":[36],"In3+":[37],"modulates":[38],"Er3+":[40,104],"behavior.":[42],"A":[43],"series":[44],"Er3+-doped":[46],"was":[48],"prepared":[49],"solid-state":[51],"reaction,":[52],"all":[54],"samples":[55],"were":[56],"confirmed":[57],"be":[59],"single-phase":[60],"cubic":[61],"garnets.":[62],"Under":[63],"980":[64],"nm":[65],"excitation,":[66],"Ga3+-substituted":[68],"phosphor":[69],"exhibits":[70],"strongest":[72],"green":[73],"emission,":[74],"reaching":[75],"2.6":[76],"times":[77],"that":[78],"Sc-only":[81],"reference,":[82],"together":[83],"with":[84],"longest":[86],"4S3/2":[87],"lifetime":[88],"(~47":[89],"\u03bcs).":[90],"The":[91,109],"enhancement":[92],"is":[93],"rationalized":[94],"terms":[96],"an":[98],"optimized":[99],"local":[100],"crystal":[101],"field":[102],"around":[103],"suppressed":[106],"multiphonon":[107],"relaxation.":[108],"results":[110],"identify":[111],"cation":[113],"engineering":[114],"as":[115],"simple":[117],"effective":[119],"lever":[120],"tuning":[122],"garnet":[126],"hosts.":[127]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2026-11-12T00:00:00"}
