{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225830345","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1948983","title":"Development and preliminary clinical application of a portable intelligent respiratory training and monitoring system in patients with stable COPD","display_name":"Development and preliminary clinical application of a portable intelligent respiratory training and monitoring system in patients with stable COPD","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225830345","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1948983"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fmed.2026.1948983","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1948983","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1948983","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/medicine/articles/10.3389/fmed.2026.1948983/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2597052008","display_name":"Frontiers in Medicine","issn_l":"2296-858X","issn":["2296-858X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/medicine/articles/10.3389/fmed.2026.1948983/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102221541","display_name":"Danying Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3790-6082","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3790-6082"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092870","display_name":"Jiaxing University","ror":"https://ror.org/00j2a7k55","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092870"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Danying Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nursing, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nursing, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056597664","display_name":"Yishuang Zou","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092870","display_name":"Jiaxing University","ror":"https://ror.org/00j2a7k55","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092870"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yishuang Zou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122753693","display_name":"Lingyan Wang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092870","display_name":"Jiaxing University","ror":"https://ror.org/00j2a7k55","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092870"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lingyan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092870"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161427580","display_name":"Han Xu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4402554055","display_name":"Tongji Zhejiang College","ror":"https://ror.org/02bdb7w16","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4402554055"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Han Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Auckland Tongji Rehabilitation Medical Equipment Research Centre, Tongji Zhejiang College"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Auckland Tongji Rehabilitation Medical Equipment Research Centre, Tongji Zhejiang College","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4402554055"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5056597664"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092870"],"apc_list":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"apc_paid":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10143","display_name":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10143","display_name":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10322","display_name":"Respiratory Support and Mechanisms","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.867900013923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776780178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199804","display_name":"COPD","level":2,"score":0.7343000173568726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C534529494","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7891","display_name":"Respiratory system","level":2,"score":0.6474999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.5870000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168563851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436668","display_name":"Randomized controlled trial","level":2,"score":0.5113000273704529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780779891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3455927","display_name":"Pulmonary rehabilitation","level":3,"score":0.46939998865127563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776178081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3286546","display_name":"Respiratory disease","level":3,"score":0.4221000075340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779951463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268788","display_name":"Quality of life (healthcare)","level":2,"score":0.3889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778818304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1819478","display_name":"Rehabilitation","level":2,"score":0.36649999022483826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535046627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30612","display_name":"Clinical trial","level":2,"score":0.34549999237060547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780665704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959298","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","level":2,"score":0.3176000118255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75603125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1877462","display_name":"Pulmonary function testing","level":2,"score":0.3059000074863434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780333948","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q653305","display_name":"Spirometry","level":3,"score":0.2711000144481659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.2549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017721199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q754438","display_name":"Respiratory care","level":2,"score":0.2515999972820282}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fmed.2026.1948983","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1948983","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1948983","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/medicine/articles/10.3389/fmed.2026.1948983/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2597052008","display_name":"Frontiers in Medicine","issn_l":"2296-858X","issn":["2296-858X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fmed.2026.1948983","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1948983","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1948983","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/medicine/articles/10.3389/fmed.2026.1948983/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2597052008","display_name":"Frontiers in Medicine","issn_l":"2296-858X","issn":["2296-858X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225830345.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225830345.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2107829061","https://openalex.org/W2157968241","https://openalex.org/W2904131086","https://openalex.org/W3167283109","https://openalex.org/W3215381529","https://openalex.org/W4229335526","https://openalex.org/W4379768211","https://openalex.org/W4393237901","https://openalex.org/W4409687313","https://openalex.org/W4412607658","https://openalex.org/W4415092555"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background":[0],"The":[1,183,246,301],"number":[2],"of":[3,41,53,70,85,116,125,128,215,248,313,339],"patients":[4,32,118,249,331],"with":[5,119,201,228,250],"chronic":[6],"obstructive":[7],"pulmonary":[8],"disease":[9],"(COPD)":[10],"continues":[11],"to":[12,59,111,140,234,238,341],"rise":[13],"annually.":[14],"Respiratory":[15,47,126],"rehabilitation":[16],"is":[17,49],"the":[18,123,162,170,176,202,205,241,257,265,282,294,311],"recommended":[19],"first-line":[20],"non-pharmacological":[21],"intervention":[22,142,171,206,258,283],"for":[23],"COPD.":[24],"Proper":[25],"respiratory":[26,54,66,76,93,159,180,187,216,304,314],"function":[27,94,217,315],"training":[28,48,67,86,95,160,181,188,218,305,316,326],"in":[29,96,256,264,273,317,328],"stable":[30,120,329],"COPD":[31,97,121,318,330],"can":[33],"improve":[34,334],"clinical":[35,335],"symptoms,":[36],"exercise":[37],"tolerance,":[38],"and":[39,43,61,75,88,137,196,222,236,240,306,322,332,337],"quality":[40,338],"life,":[42],"reduce":[44],"readmission":[45],"rates.":[46],"a":[50,63,129,149,209,289,342],"core":[51],"component":[52],"rehabilitation.":[55],"This":[56],"study":[57],"aimed":[58],"develop":[60],"evaluate":[62],"portable":[64,178,302],"intelligent":[65,179,303],"system":[68,308],"capable":[69],"monitoring":[71,84,307,321],"respiration,":[72],"heart":[73],"rate,":[74],"patterns":[77],"during":[78],"training,":[79],"thereby":[80],"providing":[81],"accurate,":[82],"visualized":[83],"effectiveness":[87],"assessing":[89],"its":[90],"influence":[91],"on":[92],"patients.":[98,319],"Methods":[99],"A":[100,114,132],"prospective,":[101],"single-blind,":[102],"randomized":[103],"parallel":[104],"controlled":[105],"trial":[106],"was":[107,186,276],"conducted":[108],"from":[109,122,232],"January":[110],"December":[112],"2025.":[113],"total":[115],"108":[117],"Department":[124],"Medicine":[127],"tertiary":[130],"Class":[131],"general":[133],"hospital":[134],"were":[135],"enrolled":[136],"randomly":[138],"allocated":[139],"an":[141],"group":[143,151,164,172,207,284,296],"(":[144,152,278],"n":[145,153],"=":[146,154],"54)":[147],"or":[148],"control":[150,163,203,266,295],"54).":[155],"Both":[156],"groups":[157],"received":[158,165,173],"education;":[161],"conventional":[166],"verbal":[167],"instruction,":[168],"whereas":[169],"guidance":[174],"using":[175],"developed":[177],"system.":[182],"primary":[184],"outcome":[185],"duration;":[189],"secondary":[190],"outcomes":[191],"included":[192],"dyspnea":[193],"assessment":[194],"scores":[195,275],"quality-of-life":[197,274],"indicators.":[198],"Results":[199],"Compared":[200],"group,":[204,259],"showed":[208],"significantly":[210],"greater":[211,261],"mean":[212],"single-session":[213],"duration":[214,243,312],"at":[219,244],"both":[220],"T1":[221,235,237],"T2":[223],"(between-group":[224],"P":[225],"<":[226],"0.001),":[227],"significant":[229,270],"within-group":[230],"increases":[231,310],"T0":[233],"T2,":[239],"longest":[242],"T2.":[245],"proportion":[247],"\u201cmild":[251],"symptoms\u201d":[252],"increased":[253],"by":[254],"16.67%":[255],"representing":[260],"improvement":[262],"than":[263,293],"group.":[267],"Although":[268],"no":[269],"between-group":[271],"difference":[272],"identified":[277],"p":[279],">":[280],"0.05),":[281],"(16.78":[285],"\u00b1":[286,298],"4.44)":[287],"achieved":[288],"more":[290],"favorable":[291],"score":[292],"(18.15":[297],"3.30).":[299],"Conclusion":[300],"effectively":[309],"Real-time":[320],"prompt":[323],"feedback":[324],"enhance":[325],"adherence":[327],"may":[333],"symptoms":[336],"life":[340],"certain":[343],"extent.":[344]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2026-11-12T00:00:00"}
