{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225829943","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24143444","title":"\"THE BOTTOM LINE\": SUBBASE LAYERS IN IRON AGE CONSTRUCTION AT TEL 'ETON (ISRAEL) AND BEYOND","display_name":"\"THE BOTTOM LINE\": SUBBASE LAYERS IN IRON AGE CONSTRUCTION AT TEL 'ETON (ISRAEL) AND BEYOND","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225829943","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24143444"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24143444","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24143444","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24143444","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407055533","display_name":"Research","issn_l":"2407-9529","issn":["2407-9529"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["poland-20","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24143444","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161425061","display_name":"Assaf Avraham1, Michael Tsesarsky, Avraham Faust","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124227911","display_name":"Ben-Gurion University of the Negev","ror":"https://ror.org/05tkyf982","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124227911"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13955877","display_name":"Bar-Ilan University","ror":"https://ror.org/03kgsv495","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13955877"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Assaf Avraham1, Michael Tsesarsky, Avraham Faust","raw_affiliation_strings":["1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel. 2Department of General History, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 5290002, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel. 2Department of General History, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 5290002, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124227911","https://openalex.org/I13955877"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5161425061"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124227911","https://openalex.org/I13955877"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13236","display_name":"Geotechnical and construction materials studies","score":0.3278999924659729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13236","display_name":"Geotechnical and construction materials studies","score":0.3278999924659729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13068","display_name":"Ancient Mediterranean Archaeology and History","score":0.13379999995231628,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1204","display_name":"Archeology (arts and humanities)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11212","display_name":"Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis","score":0.12389999628067017,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1204","display_name":"Archeology (arts and humanities)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70940072","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2739990","display_name":"Subbase","level":5,"score":0.8328999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.6729000210762024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31858485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959782","display_name":"Excavation","level":2,"score":0.569599986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175181221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1650350","display_name":"Prospecting","level":2,"score":0.4966999888420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780966255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5474306","display_name":"Foundation (evidence)","level":2,"score":0.4562999904155731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.44859999418258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16674752","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1370637","display_name":"Mining engineering","level":1,"score":0.4113999903202057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776608160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785462","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.3379000127315521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778568124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1262699","display_name":"Crushed stone","level":2,"score":0.3303000032901764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4679612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q866298","display_name":"Aggregate (composite)","level":2,"score":0.31690001487731934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.2540000081062317}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24143444","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24143444","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24143444","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407055533","display_name":"Research","issn_l":"2407-9529","issn":["2407-9529"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["poland-20","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24143445","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24143445","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24143445","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407055533","display_name":"Research","issn_l":"2407-9529","issn":["2407-9529"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["poland-20","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24143444","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24143444","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24143444","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407055533","display_name":"Research","issn_l":"2407-9529","issn":["2407-9529"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["poland-20","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,46,179],"subbase":[1,26,72,93,155,186],"layer":[2],"is":[3,162],"a":[4,38,71,158],"critical":[5,193],"component":[6],"in":[7,28,58,195],"construction,":[8],"stabilizing":[9],"the":[10,14,23,51,65,75,104,124,182,199],"ground":[11],"before":[12],"laying":[13],"foundation":[15],"and":[16,54,80,119,133,140,145,171,198],"enhancing":[17],"structural":[18,152],"durability.":[19],"This":[20],"study":[21,180],"examines":[22],"role":[24,194],"of":[25,67,77,85,97,175,185,201],"layers":[27,156,187],"Iron":[29,87],"Age":[30,88],"II":[31],"(specifically,":[32],"10th\u20138th":[33],"centuries":[34],"BCE)":[35],"structures,":[36],"with":[37],"focus":[39],"on":[40],"excavations":[41],"at":[42],"Tel":[43],"\u2018Eton,":[44],"Israel.":[45],"objective":[47],"was":[48],"to":[49,115,128,150],"identify":[50,116],"materials":[52,142],"used":[53],"assess":[55],"their":[56,192],"significance":[57,184],"ancient":[59,176],"construction":[60,160,202],"practices.":[61,203],"Archaeological":[62],"evidence":[63],"indicates":[64],"use":[66],"crushed":[68,138],"chalk":[69,139],"as":[70,123,157],"material":[73,117],"beneath":[74],"foundations":[76],"residential":[78],"buildings":[79],"fortifications.":[81],"A":[82],"comparative":[83],"analysis":[84],"other":[86,141],"sites":[89],"showed":[90],"that":[91,137],"similar":[92],"layers,":[94],"often":[95],"made":[96],"sand":[98,144],"or":[99],"stones,":[100],"were":[101,147],"prevalent":[102],"throughout":[103],"region.":[105],"Methodologies":[106],"included":[107],"chemical":[108],"analyses":[109],"using":[110],"Fourier-transform":[111],"infrared":[112],"spectroscopy":[113],"(FTIR)":[114],"components":[118],"geomechanical":[120],"tests,":[121],"such":[122],"free":[125],"swell":[126],"test,":[127],"evaluate":[129],"moisture-induced":[130],"volume":[131],"changes":[132],"stability.":[134,153],"Results":[135],"confirm":[136],"like":[143],"stones":[146],"intentionally":[148],"selected":[149],"enhance":[151],"Recognizing":[154],"primary":[159],"element":[161],"crucial":[163],"for":[164],"accurate":[165],"stratigraphic":[166],"interpretation,":[167],"improving":[168],"dating":[169],"precision,":[170],"advancing":[172],"our":[173],"understanding":[174],"building":[177],"techniques.":[178],"highlights":[181],"broader":[183],"across":[188],"historical":[189],"periods,":[190],"underscoring":[191],"archaeological":[196],"research":[197],"evolution":[200]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2026-11-12T00:00:00"}