{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225829576","doi":"https://doi.org/10.52340/gs.2026.08.04(1).53","title":"LUNG ULTRASOUND EVALUATION IN INTENSIVE CARE: DIAGNOSTIC PRINCIPLES, CLINICAL APPLICATION, AND AI-ASSISTED INTERPRETATION","display_name":"LUNG ULTRASOUND EVALUATION IN INTENSIVE CARE: DIAGNOSTIC PRINCIPLES, CLINICAL APPLICATION, AND AI-ASSISTED INTERPRETATION","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225829576","doi":"https://doi.org/10.52340/gs.2026.08.04(1).53"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.52340/gs.2026.08.04(1).53","doi":"https://doi.org/10.52340/gs.2026.08.04(1).53","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.52340/gs.2026.08.04(1).53","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210238182","display_name":"GEORGIAN SCIENTISTS","issn_l":"2667-9760","issn":["2667-9760"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4387155489","host_organization_name":"Association for Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387155489"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"GEORGIAN SCIENTISTS","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.52340/gs.2026.08.04(1).53","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5116478985","display_name":"Elene Saribekovi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7848551","display_name":"Tbilisi State Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/020jbrt22","country_code":"GE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7848551"]}],"countries":["GE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elene Saribekovi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tbilisi State Medical University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tbilisi State Medical University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7848551"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024973439","display_name":"L Ratiani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3255-1811","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3255-1811"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7848551","display_name":"Tbilisi State Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/020jbrt22","country_code":"GE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7848551"]}],"countries":["GE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Levan Ratiani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tbilisi State Medical University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tbilisi State Medical University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7848551"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7848551"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11738","display_name":"Ultrasound in Clinical Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2706","display_name":"Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11738","display_name":"Ultrasound in Clinical Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2706","display_name":"Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10322","display_name":"Respiratory Support and Mechanisms","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10727","display_name":"Ultrasound Imaging and Elastography","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7947999835014343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.5584999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.5249000191688538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27158222","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532422","display_name":"Generalizability theory","level":2,"score":0.5230000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992160955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q234904","display_name":"Lung ultrasound","level":3,"score":0.5142999887466431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777601897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3409113","display_name":"Presentation (obstetrics)","level":2,"score":0.49390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19527891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120908","display_name":"Medical physics","level":1,"score":0.4268999993801117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143753070","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162564","display_name":"Ultrasound","level":2,"score":0.4171000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777714996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7886","display_name":"Lung","level":2,"score":0.3901999890804291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987404301","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care","level":2,"score":0.3675000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141983124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188008","display_name":"Respiratory distress","level":2,"score":0.32679998874664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909621147","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q344873","display_name":"Acute respiratory distress","level":3,"score":0.31470000743865967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31601959","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q931309","display_name":"Medical imaging","level":2,"score":0.28600001335144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779010991","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2720909","display_name":"Artifact (error)","level":2,"score":0.27410000562667847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535046627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30612","display_name":"Clinical trial","level":2,"score":0.2655999958515167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40993552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514654","display_name":"Gold standard (test)","level":2,"score":0.2603999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777405583","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6704277","display_name":"Lung cancer screening","level":3,"score":0.25279998779296875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776256026","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47912","display_name":"Lung cancer","level":2,"score":0.2515000104904175}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.52340/gs.2026.08.04(1).53","doi":"https://doi.org/10.52340/gs.2026.08.04(1).53","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.52340/gs.2026.08.04(1).53","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210238182","display_name":"GEORGIAN SCIENTISTS","issn_l":"2667-9760","issn":["2667-9760"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4387155489","host_organization_name":"Association for Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387155489"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"GEORGIAN SCIENTISTS","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.52340/gs.2026.08.04(1).53","doi":"https://doi.org/10.52340/gs.2026.08.04(1).53","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.52340/gs.2026.08.04(1).53","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210238182","display_name":"GEORGIAN SCIENTISTS","issn_l":"2667-9760","issn":["2667-9760"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4387155489","host_organization_name":"Association for Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387155489"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"GEORGIAN SCIENTISTS","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"Lung":[1,137],"ultrasound":[2,37,74,114,259,277],"(LUS)":[3],"has":[4],"become":[5],"an":[6,68],"essential":[7],"bedside":[8,308],"diagnostic":[9,63,80,289,309],"tool":[10],"in":[11,50,75,139,149,177,244,278],"intensive":[12,76,279],"care,":[13,77],"allowing":[14],"rapid,":[15],"noninvasive,":[16],"and":[17,42,61,85,104,119,126,143,169,192,203,216,230,247,266,311],"repeated":[18],"assessment":[19,204],"of":[20,36,117,200,205,275],"pulmonary":[21,170,184],"conditions":[22],"without":[23],"ionizing":[24],"radiation.":[25],"Despite":[26],"its":[27],"clinical":[28,46,83,102,127,173,251,264,298,314],"advantages,":[29],"accurate":[30],"interpretation":[31,60,88,174,283],"requires":[32],"a":[33],"comprehensive":[34],"understanding":[35],"artifacts,":[38],"standardized":[39,123,261],"scanning":[40,262],"protocols,":[41,103,263],"their":[43,236],"integration":[44],"into":[45,303],"decision-making.":[47,315],"Recent":[48],"advances":[49],"artificial":[51],"intelligence":[52],"(AI)":[53],"offer":[54],"additional":[55],"opportunities":[56,286],"to":[57,72,134,179,207,287],"support":[58,271],"image":[59,227,245],"improve":[62,288],"consistency.":[64],"Objective:":[65],"To":[66],"present":[67],"evidence-based":[69,313],"educational":[70,93,111,154,256],"approach":[71,257],"lung":[73,150,163,165,201,276],"integrating":[78,258],"fundamental":[79],"principles,":[81],"practical":[82],"applications,":[84,222],"emerging":[86,267],"AI-assisted":[87,282],"technologies.":[89],"Methods:":[90],"A":[91,254],"structured":[92,255],"presentation":[94,196],"was":[95],"developed":[96],"based":[97],"on":[98],"contemporary":[99],"scientific":[100],"literature,":[101],"systematic":[105],"reviews":[106],"published":[107],"through":[108],"2026.":[109],"The":[110,153,195],"framework":[112,155],"combines":[113],"physics,":[115,260],"recognition":[116],"normal":[118],"pathological":[120],"sonographic":[121,158],"patterns,":[122],"examination":[124],"techniques,":[125],"decision-making":[128],"algorithms.":[129],"Particular":[130],"attention":[131],"is":[132,175],"given":[133],"the":[135,272],"Bedside":[136],"Ultrasound":[138],"Emergency":[140],"(BLUE)":[141],"protocol":[142],"recent":[144],"evidence":[145],"concerning":[146],"AI":[147,221,268],"applications":[148],"ultrasound.":[151],"Results:":[152],"addresses":[156],"key":[157],"findings,":[159],"including":[160,223],"A-lines,":[161],"B-lines,":[162],"sliding,":[164],"pulse,":[166],"pleural":[167,193],"abnormalities,":[168],"consolidation.":[171],"Their":[172],"discussed":[176],"relation":[178],"acute":[180,188],"respiratory":[181,189],"failure,":[182],"pneumothorax,":[183],"edema,":[185],"pneumonia,":[186],"atelectasis,":[187],"distress":[190],"syndrome,":[191],"effusion.":[194],"emphasizes":[197],"dynamic":[198],"monitoring":[199],"aeration":[202],"responses":[206],"mechanical":[208],"ventilation,":[209],"positive":[210],"end-expiratory":[211],"pressure":[212],"adjustments,":[213],"fluid":[214],"management,":[215],"other":[217],"therapeutic":[218],"interventions.":[219],"Emerging":[220],"automated":[224],"artifact":[225],"detection,":[226],"classification,":[228],"segmentation,":[229],"quantitative":[231],"analysis,":[232],"are":[233],"examined":[234],"alongside":[235],"current":[237],"limitations,":[238],"particularly":[239],"insufficient":[240],"external":[241],"validation,":[242],"variability":[243],"acquisition,":[246],"limited":[248],"generalizability":[249],"across":[250],"settings.":[252],"Conclusion:":[253],"interpretation,":[265],"technologies":[269],"may":[270,306],"effective":[273],"application":[274],"care.":[280],"Although":[281],"offers":[284],"promising":[285],"reproducibility,":[290],"it":[291],"should":[292],"currently":[293],"complement":[294],"rather":[295],"than":[296],"replace":[297],"expertise.":[299],"Integrating":[300],"these":[301],"concepts":[302],"medical":[304],"education":[305],"strengthen":[307],"skills":[310],"promote":[312]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2026-11-12T00:00:00"}