{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225829228","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/insects17111175","title":"Reported Acaricide Use and Varroa destructor Infestation in South Korean Apiaries: Findings from the 2025 National Active Surveillance Program","display_name":"Reported Acaricide Use and Varroa destructor Infestation in South Korean Apiaries: Findings from the 2025 National Active Surveillance Program","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225829228","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/insects17111175"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/insects17111175","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/insects17111175","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/insects17111175","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S28057480","display_name":"Insects","issn_l":"2075-4450","issn":["2075-4450"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Insects","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/insects17111175","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5146485876","display_name":"Jang-Hyeon Kim","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163753206","display_name":"Chungbuk National University","ror":"https://ror.org/02wnxgj78","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163753206"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160954","display_name":"Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/04sbe6g90","country_code":"KR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210160954"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jang-Hyeon Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea","Laboratory of Parasitic and Honeybee Diseases, Bacterial Disease Division, Department of Animal and Plant Health Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163753206"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Parasitic and Honeybee Diseases, Bacterial Disease Division, Department of Animal and Plant Health Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160954"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113258008","display_name":"Se-Ji Lee","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163753206","display_name":"Chungbuk National University","ror":"https://ror.org/02wnxgj78","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163753206"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160954","display_name":"Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/04sbe6g90","country_code":"KR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210160954"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Se-Ji Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea","Laboratory of Parasitic and Honeybee Diseases, Bacterial Disease Division, Department of Animal and Plant Health Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163753206"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Parasitic and Honeybee Diseases, Bacterial Disease Division, Department of Animal and Plant Health Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160954"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160186802","display_name":"Ji-Yeon Kim","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163753206","display_name":"Chungbuk National University","ror":"https://ror.org/02wnxgj78","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163753206"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160954","display_name":"Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/04sbe6g90","country_code":"KR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210160954"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ji-Yeon Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea","Laboratory of Parasitic and Honeybee Diseases, Bacterial Disease Division, Department of Animal and Plant Health Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163753206"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Parasitic and Honeybee Diseases, Bacterial Disease Division, Department of Animal and Plant Health Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160954"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161423295","display_name":"Da-Young Kim","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160954","display_name":"Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/04sbe6g90","country_code":"KR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210160954"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Da-Young Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Parasitic and Honeybee Diseases, Bacterial Disease Division, Department of Animal and Plant Health Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Parasitic and Honeybee Diseases, Bacterial Disease Division, Department of Animal and Plant Health Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160954"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058137473","display_name":"Mi-Sun Yoo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3176-579X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3176-579X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160954","display_name":"Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/04sbe6g90","country_code":"KR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210160954"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mi-Sun Yoo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Parasitic and Honeybee Diseases, Bacterial Disease Division, Department of Animal and Plant Health Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Parasitic and Honeybee Diseases, Bacterial Disease Division, Department of Animal and Plant Health Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160954"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135194336","display_name":"So Youn Youn","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160954","display_name":"Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/04sbe6g90","country_code":"KR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210160954"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"So Youn Youn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Parasitic and Honeybee Diseases, Bacterial Disease Division, Department of Animal and Plant Health Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Parasitic and Honeybee Diseases, Bacterial Disease Division, Department of Animal and Plant Health Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160954"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125515129","display_name":"Seung-Hun Lee","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163753206","display_name":"Chungbuk National University","ror":"https://ror.org/02wnxgj78","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163753206"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160954","display_name":"Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/04sbe6g90","country_code":"KR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210160954"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seung-Hun Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea","Laboratory of Parasitic and Honeybee Diseases, Bacterial Disease Division, Department of Animal and Plant Health Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163753206"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Parasitic and Honeybee Diseases, Bacterial Disease Division, Department of Animal and Plant Health Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160954"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037187986","display_name":"Yun Sang Cho","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1346-7067","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1346-7067"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160954","display_name":"Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/04sbe6g90","country_code":"KR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210160954"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yun Sang Cho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Parasitic and Honeybee Diseases, Bacterial Disease Division, Department of Animal and Plant Health Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1346-7067","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Parasitic and Honeybee Diseases, Bacterial Disease Division, Department of Animal and Plant Health Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160954"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070210479","display_name":"Hyang-Sim Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3393-8295","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3393-8295"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160954","display_name":"Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/04sbe6g90","country_code":"KR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210160954"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hyang-Sim Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Parasitic and Honeybee Diseases, Bacterial Disease Division, Department of Animal and Plant Health Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3393-8295","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Parasitic and Honeybee Diseases, Bacterial Disease Division, Department of Animal and Plant Health Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si 39660, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160954"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5070210479"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160954"],"apc_list":{"value":2600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3137},"apc_paid":{"value":2600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3137},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"11","first_page":"1175","last_page":"1175"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11641","display_name":"Insect and Pesticide Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1109","display_name":"Insect Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11641","display_name":"Insect and Pesticide Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1109","display_name":"Insect Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10702","display_name":"Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1109","display_name":"Insect Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11386","display_name":"Bee Products Chemical Analysis","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1109","display_name":"Insect Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779384694","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q417878","display_name":"Amitraz","level":3,"score":0.9514999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74714110","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q416014","display_name":"Acaricide","level":2,"score":0.8892999887466431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779381614","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48564","display_name":"Varroa destructor","level":3,"score":0.8019000291824341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154901010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857628","display_name":"Apiary","level":3,"score":0.767300009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.7057999968528748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21078798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176353","display_name":"Beekeeping","level":2,"score":0.7009000182151794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776451879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1292038","display_name":"Infestation","level":2,"score":0.652400016784668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33070731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7218","display_name":"Toxicology","level":1,"score":0.5677000284194946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780871575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1766457","display_name":"Varroa","level":3,"score":0.5060999989509583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779711295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2441993","display_name":"Mite","level":2,"score":0.4526999890804291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776186584","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q903824","display_name":"Moxidectin","level":3,"score":0.42260000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42972112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170201","display_name":"Veterinary medicine","level":1,"score":0.40529999136924744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778617976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q415896","display_name":"Coumaphos","level":3,"score":0.3707999885082245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24556401","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7916098","display_name":"Varroa sensitive hygiene","level":4,"score":0.3240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780159738","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204384","display_name":"Zineb","level":4,"score":0.29910001158714294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777102281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735151","display_name":"Destructor","level":3,"score":0.2896000146865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161176658","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131656","display_name":"Pesticide","level":2,"score":0.28700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777907900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102857","display_name":"Honey bee","level":2,"score":0.27219998836517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779597892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7263600","display_name":"Pyrimethanil","level":3,"score":0.2662999927997589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114265396","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q994747","display_name":"Brood","level":2,"score":0.26579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.26179999113082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778340055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q417017","display_name":"Bendiocarb","level":4,"score":0.2540999948978424}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/insects17111175","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/insects17111175","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/insects17111175","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S28057480","display_name":"Insects","issn_l":"2075-4450","issn":["2075-4450"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Insects","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/insects17111175","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/insects17111175","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/insects17111175","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S28057480","display_name":"Insects","issn_l":"2075-4450","issn":["2075-4450"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Insects","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W50209743","https://openalex.org/W578276104","https://openalex.org/W788982869","https://openalex.org/W1964237181","https://openalex.org/W1997716504","https://openalex.org/W2016608386","https://openalex.org/W2028277691","https://openalex.org/W2046020682","https://openalex.org/W2050464181","https://openalex.org/W2072604459","https://openalex.org/W2087819199","https://openalex.org/W2106578604","https://openalex.org/W2149853764","https://openalex.org/W2176487827","https://openalex.org/W2408734345","https://openalex.org/W2910400461","https://openalex.org/W2941480920","https://openalex.org/W2970750375","https://openalex.org/W3000473137","https://openalex.org/W3090585401","https://openalex.org/W4200604343","https://openalex.org/W4283691399","https://openalex.org/W4408853053","https://openalex.org/W7202203819","https://openalex.org/W7224849878"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Varroa":[0],"destructor":[1],"is":[2],"controlled":[3],"mainly":[4],"with":[5,64,135],"acaricides,":[6],"but":[7],"resistance-associated":[8],"mutations":[9],"to":[10,189],"fluvalinate":[11],"and":[12,20,61,81,108,116,140,194],"amitraz":[13,34,111],"are":[14],"widespread":[15],"in":[16,32,35,91,101],"Korean":[17],"mite":[18],"populations,":[19],"both":[21],"compounds":[22],"have":[23],"been":[24],"excluded":[25],"from":[26,39],"the":[27,40,54,68,96,119,136,187,195],"national":[28,42],"subsidy":[29,104],"program":[30],"(fluvalinate":[31],"2023;":[33],"2026).":[36],"Using":[37],"records":[38,74],"2025":[41],"active":[43],"surveillance":[44],"program,":[45],"we":[46],"describe":[47,179],"acaricide":[48],"use":[49,102,112],"reported":[50],"by":[51,130],"beekeepers":[52],"for":[53],"months":[55],"preceding":[56],"three":[57,120],"visits":[58],"(post-overwintering,":[59],"post-harvest":[60],"pre-overwintering),":[62],"together":[63],"infestation":[65],"measured":[66],"at":[67,118],"same":[69],"visits.":[70,121],"After":[71],"exclusion":[72],"of":[73,124,142,155],"without":[75],"usable":[76],"treatment":[77,183,192,198],"information,":[78],"83,":[79],"61":[80],"83":[82],"Apis":[83],"mellifera":[84],"apiaries":[85,125],"were":[86,127],"analyzed":[87],"(227":[88],"apiary-round":[89],"observations":[90],"total).":[92],"Formic":[93],"acid":[94],"was":[95,113,150,163,172],"mainstay":[97],"(75.4\u201384.3%).":[98],"Fluvalinate":[99],"remained":[100],"after":[103],"withdrawal":[105],"(24.1%,":[106],"19.7%":[107],"9.6%).":[109],"Reported":[110],"56.6%,":[114],"31.1%":[115],"47.0%":[117],"Separately,":[122],"87.9%":[123],"(94/107)":[126],"Varroa-positive":[128],"pre-overwintering":[129],"powdered-sugar":[131],"roll":[132],"(not":[133],"comparable":[134],"post-overwintering":[137,166],"brood-inspection":[138],"rate),":[139],"30.1%":[141],"positive":[143],"colonies":[144],"had":[145],"\u226510":[146],"mites/100":[147],"bees.":[148],"Thymol":[149],"virtually":[151],"absent":[152],"(\u22642.4%).":[153],"Use":[154],"\u22653":[156],"chemical":[157],"types":[158],"within":[159],"a":[160],"recall":[161],"interval":[162],"most":[164],"frequent":[165],"(42.2%;":[167],"54.2%":[168],"when":[169],"drone-brood":[170],"removal":[171],"also":[173],"counted).":[174],"These":[175],"single-year,":[176],"self-reported":[177],"data":[178],"practice":[180],"rather":[181],"than":[182],"efficacy;":[184],"they":[185],"highlight":[186],"need":[188],"evaluate":[190],"available":[191],"options":[193],"factors":[196],"influencing":[197],"choice.":[199]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2026-11-12T00:00:00"}
