{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225827345","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2987/26-7324","title":"Detection of Culex restuans Environmental RNA (eRNA) Using Droplet Digital PCR: A Proof-of-Concept for Molecular Mosquito Surveillance","display_name":"Detection of Culex restuans Environmental RNA (eRNA) Using Droplet Digital PCR: A Proof-of-Concept for Molecular Mosquito Surveillance","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225827345","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2987/26-7324"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2987/26-7324","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2987/26-7324","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2987/26-7324","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193994340","display_name":"Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association","issn_l":"8756-971X","issn":["8756-971X","1943-6270"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320163","host_organization_name":"American Mosquito Control Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320163"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Mosquito Control Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.2987/26-7324","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048175578","display_name":"Michael J. Conway","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8878-6065","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8878-6065"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1629065","display_name":"Central Michigan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02xawj266","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1629065"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael J. Conway","raw_affiliation_strings":["Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1629065"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161479086","display_name":"Carter S. Hebert","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1629065","display_name":"Central Michigan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02xawj266","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1629065"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carter S. Hebert","raw_affiliation_strings":["Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1629065"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161439710","display_name":"Julianna B. Shisler","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1629065","display_name":"Central Michigan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02xawj266","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1629065"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Julianna B. Shisler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1629065"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161428205","display_name":"Doug W. Allen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Doug W. Allen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Midland County Mosquito Services, Midland, MI 48657"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Midland County Mosquito Services, Midland, MI 48657","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007023306","display_name":"Carl W. Doud","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2534-8794","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2534-8794"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carl W. Doud","raw_affiliation_strings":["Midland County Mosquito Services, Midland, MI 48657"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Midland County Mosquito Services, Midland, MI 48657","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10166","display_name":"Mosquito-borne diseases and control","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10166","display_name":"Mosquito-borne diseases and control","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12606","display_name":"Diptera species taxonomy and behavior","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1105","display_name":"Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14053","display_name":"Dengue and Mosquito Control Research","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.7595000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48126324","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5276136","display_name":"Digital polymerase chain reaction","level":4,"score":0.6811000108718872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779518617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q276595","display_name":"Culex","level":3,"score":0.6590999960899353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173758957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q129270","display_name":"Larva","level":2,"score":0.5059000253677368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77077793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336019","display_name":"Abundance (ecology)","level":2,"score":0.47589999437332153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24107716","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123619","display_name":"Nucleic acid","level":2,"score":0.4318000078201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67705224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11053","display_name":"RNA","level":3,"score":0.3905999958515167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48023723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856198","display_name":"Real-time polymerase chain reaction","level":3,"score":0.3806999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.32589998841285706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107872376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355","display_name":"Environmental chemistry","level":1,"score":0.3212999999523163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105580179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188928","display_name":"Messenger RNA","level":3,"score":0.3009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779985137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2003646","display_name":"Mosquito control","level":3,"score":0.29910001158714294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776217558","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3007100","display_name":"Culex quinquefasciatus","level":4,"score":0.28839999437332153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90856448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q431","display_name":"Zoology","level":1,"score":0.2759999930858612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145059251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q310899","display_name":"microRNA","level":3,"score":0.2694999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779244815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1156462","display_name":"Nuisance","level":2,"score":0.26840001344680786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153911025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7202","display_name":"Molecular biology","level":1,"score":0.25290000438690186}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2987/26-7324","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2987/26-7324","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2987/26-7324","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193994340","display_name":"Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association","issn_l":"8756-971X","issn":["8756-971X","1943-6270"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320163","host_organization_name":"American Mosquito Control Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320163"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Mosquito Control Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2987/26-7324","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2987/26-7324","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2987/26-7324","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193994340","display_name":"Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association","issn_l":"8756-971X","issn":["8756-971X","1943-6270"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320163","host_organization_name":"American Mosquito Control Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320163"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Mosquito Control Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"ABSTRACT":[0],"Sensitive":[1],"surveillance":[2,131],"tools":[3],"are":[4],"needed":[5],"to":[6,14,29,56,128,143],"improve":[7],"detection":[8],"of":[9,60,101,123],"emerging":[10],"mosquito":[11,115,130],"populations":[12],"relevant":[13],"public":[15],"health.":[16],"We":[17],"evaluated":[18],"an":[19],"environmental":[20],"nucleic":[21],"acid-based":[22],"approach":[23],"using":[24],"droplet":[25],"digital":[26],"PCR":[27],"(ddPCR)":[28],"detect":[30,57],"Culex":[31],"restuans":[32,62,67],"in":[33,69,78],"water":[34,70],"samples":[35,40,71,80],"from":[36],"semi-field":[37,79],"conditions.":[38,94],"Water":[39],"were":[41,54],"collected":[42],"between":[43,85],"July":[44],"and":[45,48,81,89,139],"September":[46],"2025,":[47],"molecular":[49],"assays":[50],"targeting":[51],"COX1":[52],"mRNA":[53],"used":[55],"the":[58,120],"presence":[59],"Cx.":[61,66],".":[63],"ddPCR":[64],"detected":[65],"eRNA":[68,86,102,112,124],"with":[72,75],"confirmed":[73],"larvae,":[74],"strong":[76],"signal":[77,103],"a":[82,126],"positive":[83],"correlation":[84],"copy":[87],"number":[88],"larval":[90,135],"abundance":[91],"under":[92],"controlled":[93],"A":[95],"time-course":[96],"experiment":[97],"indicated":[98],"rapid":[99],"loss":[100],"after":[104],"1":[105],"week":[106],"at":[107],"room":[108],"temperature,":[109],"indicating":[110],"that":[111],"reflects":[113],"recent":[114],"activity.":[116],"These":[117],"findings":[118,145],"support":[119],"operational":[121],"potential":[122],"as":[125],"complement":[127],"conventional":[129],"programs,":[132],"particularly":[133],"if":[134],"density":[136],"is":[137,141],"high":[138],"there":[140],"need":[142],"confirm":[144],"and/or":[146],"screen":[147],"for":[148],"rare":[149],"detects.":[150]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2026-11-12T00:00:00"}
