{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225824979","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.11.10.765704","title":"Where the magnet sits sets the sign of the scaling law: membrane-anchored versus intracellular magnetic actuation of cells","display_name":"Where the magnet sits sets the sign of the scaling law: membrane-anchored versus intracellular magnetic actuation of cells","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225824979","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.11.10.765704"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.11.10.765704","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.11.10.765704","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.11.10.765704","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.11.10.765704","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161457040","display_name":"Yutian Xia","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59553526","display_name":"Stony Brook University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qghxh33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yutian Xia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stony Brook University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stony Brook University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135138940","display_name":"Lifeng Yin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2534-0804","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2534-0804"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59553526","display_name":"Stony Brook University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qghxh33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lifeng Yin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stony Brook University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stony Brook University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135121648","display_name":"Angelina Lin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59553526","display_name":"Stony Brook University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qghxh33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Angelina Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stony Brook University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stony Brook University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135208255","display_name":"Joanna Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8750-5434","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8750-5434"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59553526","display_name":"Stony Brook University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qghxh33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joanna Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stony Brook University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stony Brook University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055061010","display_name":"Zhaoqing Cong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2737-7636","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2737-7636"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59553526","display_name":"Stony Brook University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qghxh33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhaoqing Cong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stony Brook University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2737-7636","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stony Brook University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59553526"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11486","display_name":"Micro and Nano Robotics","score":0.5365999937057495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3104","display_name":"Condensed Matter Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11486","display_name":"Micro and Nano Robotics","score":0.5365999937057495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3104","display_name":"Condensed Matter Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12405","display_name":"Characterization and Applications of Magnetic Nanoparticles","score":0.34060001373291016,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10379","display_name":"Cellular Mechanics and Interactions","score":0.06930000334978104,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1307","display_name":"Cell Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.5976999998092651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99844830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102441924","display_name":"Scaling","level":2,"score":0.5861999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.5734000205993652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115260700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11408","display_name":"Magnetic field","level":2,"score":0.5544999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139676723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1193832","display_name":"Sign (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5067999958992004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144171764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48103","display_name":"Torque","level":2,"score":0.49380001425743103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157479481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177831","display_name":"Magnetic flux","level":3,"score":0.447299987077713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178635117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747499","display_name":"RADIUS","level":2,"score":0.4377000033855438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32546565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856711","display_name":"Magnetization","level":3,"score":0.42890000343322754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16389437","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11421","display_name":"Magnet","level":2,"score":0.4255000054836273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74650414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397","display_name":"Classical mechanics","level":1,"score":0.39329999685287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186068551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13255585","display_name":"Tension (geology)","level":3,"score":0.3898000121116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.3693000078201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21141959","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q657936","display_name":"Shear stress","level":2,"score":0.36340001225471497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21036866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181767","display_name":"Stress (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.36149999499320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26873012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214781","display_name":"Condensed matter physics","level":1,"score":0.35850000381469727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23792430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1122780","display_name":"Superparamagnetism","level":4,"score":0.3504999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96035792","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43606218","display_name":"Shear (geology)","level":2,"score":0.3467000126838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54553102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q242657","display_name":"Magnetic moment","level":2,"score":0.34130001068115234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106997767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178032","display_name":"Electromagnet","level":3,"score":0.33239999413490295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87023908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3870166","display_name":"Magnetic nanoparticles","level":3,"score":0.3246000111103058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109647046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1884449","display_name":"Magnetic particle inspection","level":4,"score":0.29919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148837635","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1742397","display_name":"Sawtooth wave","level":2,"score":0.2912999987602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.2775000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179044611","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5625391","display_name":"Magnetic reactance","level":5,"score":0.2750000059604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134786449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3391255","display_name":"Planar","level":2,"score":0.27469998598098755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46141821","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209402","display_name":"Nuclear magnetic resonance","level":1,"score":0.2669999897480011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47441113","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9691942","display_name":"Magnetic hysteresis","level":4,"score":0.2590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.2554999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.2533999979496002}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.11.10.765704","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.11.10.765704","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.11.10.765704","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.11.10.765704","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.11.10.765704","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.11.10.765704","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Magnetic":[0],"nanoparticles":[1],"apply":[2],"mechanical":[3],"force":[4],"to":[5,12,109,171],"cells":[6],"in":[7,99,112],"two":[8,188],"incompatible":[9],"geometries:":[10],"anchored":[11],"the":[13,33,42,61,80,87,97,121,132,175],"plasma":[14],"membrane,":[15],"where":[16,28],"a":[17,21,75,125,144],"rotating":[18],"field":[19],"twists":[20],"surface-bound":[22],"cap,":[23],"and":[24,41,86,93,143],"internalized":[25],"into":[26],"lysosomes,":[27],"an":[29,65,110],"assembled":[30],"rod":[31,67],"stirs":[32],"organelle":[34],"lumen.":[35],"They":[36,49],"are":[37],"treated":[38],"as":[39,120],"interchangeable,":[40],"choice":[43],"is":[44,169],"made":[45],"on":[46],"synthetic":[47],"convenience.":[48],"obey":[50],"opposite":[51,84],"design":[52,123],"rules.":[53],"Treated":[54],"analytically":[55],"at":[56,90,150],"matched":[57],"single-cell":[58],"magnetic":[59,118],"moment,":[60],"step-out":[62],"frequency":[63],"of":[64,74,183],"intracellular":[66],"falls":[68],"with":[69,135,158],"assembly":[70],"size":[71],"while":[72,178],"that":[73,190],"membrane":[76],"cap":[77,105,127,146],"rises":[78],"linearly;":[79],"scaling":[81],"exponents":[82],"have":[83],"sign":[85],"curves":[88],"cross":[89],"184":[91],"particles":[92,134],"4.04":[94],"Hz,":[95],"inside":[96],"window":[98],"which":[100,113],"published":[101,156,176],"experiments":[102],"operate.":[103],"The":[104,152,185],"tension":[106],"resultant":[107],"reduces":[108],"identity":[111],"cell":[114],"radius":[115],"cancels,":[116],"leaving":[117],"texture":[119],"decisive":[122],"variable:":[124],"field-oriented":[126],"reaches":[128],"2.69":[129],"mN":[130,141],"m\u22121,":[131,142],"same":[133],"random":[136],"easy":[137],"axes":[138],"reach":[139],"0.0033":[140],"superparamagnetic":[145],"transmits":[147],"no":[148,159],"torque":[149],"all.":[151],"model":[153,186],"reproduces":[154],"four":[155],"measurements":[157],"fitted":[160],"parameters.":[161],"One":[162],"disagrees:":[163],"our":[164],"intralysosomal":[165],"wall":[166],"shear":[167],"stress":[168],"33":[170],"81":[172],"times":[173],"below":[174],"value":[177],"reproducing":[179],"every":[180],"structural":[181],"feature":[182],"it.":[184],"yields":[187],"zero-predictions":[189],"one":[191],"experiment":[192],"would":[193],"falsify.":[194]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2026-11-12T00:00:00"}
