{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225823949","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su182211506","title":"Do Visitors\u2019 Evaluations of Ecosystem Service Benefits Translate into Revisit and Recommendation Intentions? Conservation Awareness as a Mediator and Sex Differences Among Korean National Park Visitors","display_name":"Do Visitors\u2019 Evaluations of Ecosystem Service Benefits Translate into Revisit and Recommendation Intentions? Conservation Awareness as a Mediator and Sex Differences Among Korean National Park Visitors","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225823949","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su182211506"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/su182211506","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su182211506","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su182211506","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10134376","display_name":"Sustainability","issn_l":"2071-1050","issn":["2071-1050"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su182211506","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129038339","display_name":"Jin Jang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087894","display_name":"Korea National Park Service","ror":"https://ror.org/005gp3d85","country_code":"KR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087894","https://openalex.org/I4210154521"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jin Jang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea National Park Research Institute, Korea National Park Service, Wonju 26441, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2157-2423","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea National Park Research Institute, Korea National Park Service, Wonju 26441, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087894"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100448786","display_name":"Dong\u2010Hoon Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1431-8776","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1431-8776"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087894","display_name":"Korea National Park Service","ror":"https://ror.org/005gp3d85","country_code":"KR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087894","https://openalex.org/I4210154521"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dong-Hoon Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea National Park Research Institute, Korea National Park Service, Wonju 26441, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1928-0941","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea National Park Research Institute, Korea National Park Service, Wonju 26441, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087894"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087894"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2896},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2896},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"22","first_page":"11506","last_page":"11506"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11793","display_name":"Recreation, Leisure, Wilderness Management","score":0.48750001192092896,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1409","display_name":"Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11793","display_name":"Recreation, Leisure, Wilderness Management","score":0.48750001192092896,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1409","display_name":"Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10055","display_name":"Diverse Aspects of Tourism Research","score":0.3230000138282776,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1409","display_name":"Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10841","display_name":"Economic and Environmental Valuation","score":0.03880000114440918,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780993040","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46169","display_name":"National park","level":2,"score":0.7468000054359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179420905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223871","display_name":"Mediation","level":2,"score":0.6096000075340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71104824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1476639","display_name":"Structural equation modeling","level":2,"score":0.5924999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58941895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295865","display_name":"Ecosystem services","level":3,"score":0.5666000247001648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5267000198364258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994246104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641498","display_name":"Biodiversity conservation","level":3,"score":0.46129998564720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.4465999901294708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82793941","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1046024","display_name":"Path analysis (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.4456999897956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.4194999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.40369999408721924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.366100013256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116537","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2169973","display_name":"Service provider","level":3,"score":0.29829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107826830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929380","display_name":"Environmental resource management","level":1,"score":0.28850001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.28200000524520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.27959999442100525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59364581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747810","display_name":"Questionnaire","level":2,"score":0.27379998564720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198477413","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7647069","display_name":"Survey data collection","level":2,"score":0.26980000734329224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89785696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2290753","display_name":"Theory of planned behavior","level":3,"score":0.2669000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130217890","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47041","display_name":"Biodiversity","level":2,"score":0.2574000060558319}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/su182211506","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su182211506","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su182211506","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10134376","display_name":"Sustainability","issn_l":"2071-1050","issn":["2071-1050"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/su182211506","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su182211506","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su182211506","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10134376","display_name":"Sustainability","issn_l":"2071-1050","issn":["2071-1050"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"National":[0],"parks":[1],"conserve":[2],"biodiversity":[3],"while":[4],"supplying":[5],"the":[6,34,39,50,199,204,220,231,237,248],"public":[7],"with":[8,42,76,151,163,171,236],"a":[9,106,255,261],"broad":[10],"range":[11],"of":[12,23,52,63,98,168,250],"ecosystem":[13],"services,":[14],"yet":[15],"little":[16],"is":[17],"known":[18],"about":[19],"how":[20,59],"visitors\u2019":[21,60],"evaluations":[22,62],"these":[24,87],"services":[25,144,170,252],"relate":[26],"to":[27],"their":[28],"attitudes":[29],"and":[30,49,67,71,78,85,92,113,121,134,140,145,157,175,195,224,227],"behavioral":[31],"intentions.":[32],"Using":[33],"Stimulus\u2013Organism\u2013Response":[35],"(SOR)":[36],"model":[37,239],"as":[38],"organizing":[40],"framework,":[41],"hypotheses":[43],"motivated":[44],"by":[45,138,209],"Value\u2013Belief\u2013Norm":[46],"(VBN)":[47],"theory":[48],"Theory":[51],"Planned":[53],"Behavior":[54],"(TPB),":[55],"this":[56],"study":[57],"examined":[58],"satisfaction-based":[61],"provisioning,":[64],"regulating,":[65],"cultural,":[66],"supporting":[68,196,251],"service":[69],"benefits":[70],"visiting":[72,146,155,193,225],"satisfaction":[73,147,156,194,226],"are":[74,222],"associated":[75,150,162],"revisit":[77],"recommendation":[79],"intentions":[80],"(RRIs)":[81],"through":[82],"conservation":[83,152,158,188],"awareness,":[84,153],"whether":[86],"relationships":[88],"differ":[89],"between":[90,110],"male":[91],"female":[93],"visitors.":[94],"An":[95],"online":[96],"survey":[97],"1000":[99],"adults":[100],"(aged":[101],"20\u201369)":[102],"who":[103],"had":[104],"visited":[105],"Korean":[107],"national":[108],"park":[109],"May":[111],"2024":[112],"June":[114],"2025":[115,120],"was":[116,173],"conducted":[117],"in":[118,267],"July\u2013August":[119],"analyzed":[122],"using":[123],"structural":[124,201],"equation":[125],"modeling,":[126],"5000-resample":[127],"bootstrapped":[128],"mediation":[129],"tests,":[130,133],"measurement":[131],"invariance":[132],"multi-group":[135],"analysis,":[136],"supplemented":[137],"robustness":[139],"common-method":[141],"checks.":[142],"Supporting":[143],"were":[148,160,190],"positively":[149,161],"whereas":[154],"awareness":[159,189],"RRI.":[164],"The":[165],"direct":[166],"association":[167],"cultural":[169],"RRI":[172,228],"small":[174],"inconclusive,":[176],"because":[177],"its":[178],"bootstrap":[179],"confidence":[180],"interval":[181],"included":[182],"zero.":[183],"Significant":[184],"indirect":[185],"associations":[186,234],"via":[187],"found":[191],"for":[192,216,258],"services.":[197],"Of":[198],"eleven":[200],"paths,":[202],"only":[203],"satisfaction\u2013RRI":[205],"path":[206],"differed":[207],"significantly":[208],"sex":[210],"(stronger":[211],"among":[212],"men)":[213],"after":[214],"correction":[215],"multiple":[217],"testing.":[218],"Because":[219],"data":[221],"cross-sectional":[223],"overlap":[229],"empirically,":[230],"findings":[232],"describe":[233],"consistent":[235],"proposed":[238],"rather":[240],"than":[241],"causal":[242],"effects.":[243],"They":[244],"suggest":[245],"that":[246,263],"communicating":[247],"value":[249],"may":[253],"be":[254,265],"useful":[256],"focus":[257],"interpretation":[259],"programs,":[260],"proposition":[262],"should":[264],"tested":[266],"intervention":[268],"studies.":[269]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2026-11-12T00:00:00"}