{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225822629","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app162211152","title":"Chemical Profiling of Fatty Acids and Phenolic Compounds in Thistle Seeds and Dietary Thistle Products and Evaluation of Their Bioactivity","display_name":"Chemical Profiling of Fatty Acids and Phenolic Compounds in Thistle Seeds and Dietary Thistle Products and Evaluation of Their Bioactivity","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225822629","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app162211152"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/app162211152","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app162211152","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app162211152","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210205812","display_name":"Applied Sciences","issn_l":"2076-3417","issn":["2076-3417"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app162211152","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050028750","display_name":"Christiana Mantzourani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2621-1231","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2621-1231"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I109954829","display_name":"Agricultural University of Athens","ror":"https://ror.org/03xawq568","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I109954829"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christiana Mantzourani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Chemistry, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2621-1231","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Chemistry, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I109954829"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082076945","display_name":"Velisaria-Eleni Gerogianni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7410-3833","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7410-3833"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32762134","display_name":"Harokopio University of Athens","ror":"https://ror.org/02k5gp281","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32762134"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Velisaria-Eleni Gerogianni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Chemistry-Biochemistry-Physical Chemistry of Foods, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, 70 El. Venizelou Ave., 17676 Kallithea, Greece"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7410-3833","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Chemistry-Biochemistry-Physical Chemistry of Foods, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, 70 El. Venizelou Ave., 17676 Kallithea, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32762134"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128081288","display_name":"Despoina Poikilidou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6930-2740","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6930-2740"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I109954829","display_name":"Agricultural University of Athens","ror":"https://ror.org/03xawq568","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I109954829"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Despoina Poikilidou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Chemistry, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6930-2740","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Chemistry, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I109954829"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161461809","display_name":"Niki Trianti","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I109954829","display_name":"Agricultural University of Athens","ror":"https://ror.org/03xawq568","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I109954829"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Niki Trianti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Chemistry, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Chemistry, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I109954829"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047914396","display_name":"Eleftheria H. Kaparakou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9266-348X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9266-348X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I109954829","display_name":"Agricultural University of Athens","ror":"https://ror.org/03xawq568","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I109954829"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eleftheria H. Kaparakou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Chemistry, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9266-348X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Chemistry, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I109954829"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017896178","display_name":"Dimitra J. Daferera","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8934-7745","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8934-7745"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I109954829","display_name":"Agricultural University of Athens","ror":"https://ror.org/03xawq568","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I109954829"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dimitra Daferera","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Chemistry, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8934-7745","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Chemistry, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I109954829"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016013100","display_name":"Petros \u0391. Tarantilis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5853-4780","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5853-4780"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I109954829","display_name":"Agricultural University of Athens","ror":"https://ror.org/03xawq568","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I109954829"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Petros A. Tarantilis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Chemistry, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5853-4780","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Chemistry, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I109954829"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047925663","display_name":"Antonia Chiou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7566-1960","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7566-1960"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32762134","display_name":"Harokopio University of Athens","ror":"https://ror.org/02k5gp281","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32762134"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antonia Chiou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Chemistry-Biochemistry-Physical Chemistry of Foods, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, 70 El. Venizelou Ave., 17676 Kallithea, Greece"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7566-1960","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Chemistry-Biochemistry-Physical Chemistry of Foods, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, 70 El. Venizelou Ave., 17676 Kallithea, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32762134"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084679988","display_name":"Maroula G. Kokotou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6378-1092","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6378-1092"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I109954829","display_name":"Agricultural University of Athens","ror":"https://ror.org/03xawq568","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I109954829"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Maroula G. Kokotou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Chemistry, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6378-1092","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Chemistry, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I109954829"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5084679988"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I109954829"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2896},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2896},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"22","first_page":"11152","last_page":"11152"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12689","display_name":"Silymarin and Mushroom Poisoning","score":0.8666999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2721","display_name":"Hepatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12689","display_name":"Silymarin and Mushroom Poisoning","score":0.8666999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2721","display_name":"Hepatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10909","display_name":"Edible Oils Quality and Analysis","score":0.05009999871253967,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1605","display_name":"Organic Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10035","display_name":"Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities","score":0.02019999921321869,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2704","display_name":"Biochemistry (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779898141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538906","display_name":"Thistle","level":2,"score":0.8176000118255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909423643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193798","display_name":"Milk Thistle","level":2,"score":0.7466999888420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31903555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637030","display_name":"Food science","level":1,"score":0.678600013256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780809830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407426","display_name":"Linoleic acid","level":3,"score":0.6062999963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.597599983215332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195475562","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1639139","display_name":"Phytochemical","level":2,"score":0.5403000116348267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779718769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q412457","display_name":"Phytosterol","level":2,"score":0.5257999897003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C543025807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61476","display_name":"Fatty acid","level":2,"score":0.5166000127792358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781403372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207688","display_name":"Oleic acid","level":2,"score":0.426800012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.35760000348091125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779054382","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72185287","display_name":"Flavonoid","level":3,"score":0.32440000772476196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778004101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133948","display_name":"Antioxidant","level":2,"score":0.31520000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70899900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q290439","display_name":"Polyphenol","level":3,"score":0.30970001220703125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3084999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40231798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1333743","display_name":"Composition (language)","level":2,"score":0.2870999872684479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780210117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193798","display_name":"Silybum marianum","level":2,"score":0.27070000767707825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779016451","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q341600","display_name":"Cirsium arvense","level":3,"score":0.2639000117778778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149849071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1263816","display_name":"Chemical composition","level":2,"score":0.2612999975681305}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/app162211152","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app162211152","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app162211152","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210205812","display_name":"Applied Sciences","issn_l":"2076-3417","issn":["2076-3417"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/app162211152","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app162211152","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app162211152","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210205812","display_name":"Applied Sciences","issn_l":"2076-3417","issn":["2076-3417"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":58,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W320980764","https://openalex.org/W1977735431","https://openalex.org/W1996018535","https://openalex.org/W2030085966","https://openalex.org/W2039626961","https://openalex.org/W2142110193","https://openalex.org/W2205288754","https://openalex.org/W2310854600","https://openalex.org/W2396219386","https://openalex.org/W2402507382","https://openalex.org/W2418362421","https://openalex.org/W2520609666","https://openalex.org/W2735662080","https://openalex.org/W2761192596","https://openalex.org/W2771297558","https://openalex.org/W2883756978","https://openalex.org/W2886246189","https://openalex.org/W2892274820","https://openalex.org/W2926432102","https://openalex.org/W2964929118","https://openalex.org/W2971877727","https://openalex.org/W3001260084","https://openalex.org/W3009085092","https://openalex.org/W3011469891","https://openalex.org/W3013559383","https://openalex.org/W3015625489","https://openalex.org/W3015673467","https://openalex.org/W3025448051","https://openalex.org/W3084672471","https://openalex.org/W3090459236","https://openalex.org/W3092013985","https://openalex.org/W3111411840","https://openalex.org/W3173268022","https://openalex.org/W3178712057","https://openalex.org/W3202995735","https://openalex.org/W4214835326","https://openalex.org/W4230750502","https://openalex.org/W4288458689","https://openalex.org/W4313327972","https://openalex.org/W4313389018","https://openalex.org/W4385064794","https://openalex.org/W4388011694","https://openalex.org/W4388559431","https://openalex.org/W4391316474","https://openalex.org/W4391576414","https://openalex.org/W4399666333","https://openalex.org/W4400243544","https://openalex.org/W4401031454","https://openalex.org/W4402491257","https://openalex.org/W4405423162","https://openalex.org/W4406051819","https://openalex.org/W4408613698","https://openalex.org/W4411582818","https://openalex.org/W4414168551","https://openalex.org/W4416404886","https://openalex.org/W7133515226","https://openalex.org/W7151581290","https://openalex.org/W7160608712"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1],"aimed":[2],"to":[3,20,26,122],"characterize":[4],"the":[5,82,109,130,135,142,147,153,169,209,225],"fatty":[6,50],"acid":[7,178,195],"(FA)":[8],"and":[9,30,39,62,73,80,105,114,125,146,196,211,218,224],"phenolic":[10,64,102,163],"profiles":[11,167],"of":[12,22,86,199,214,221,227],"milk":[13,42,87,173,222],"thistle":[14,43,174,216],"(Silybum":[15],"marianum)":[16],"seeds":[17,21,182,217],"in":[18,229],"comparison":[19],"other":[23],"thistles":[24],"native":[25,136,215],"Greece":[27],"(Carlina":[28],"corymbosa":[29,138,191],"Cirsium":[31,148,180],"vulgare),":[32],"as":[33,35],"well":[34],"commercial":[36,219],"dietary":[37],"supplements":[38,128],"juices":[40],"containing":[41],"alone":[44],"or":[45],"combined":[46],"with":[47],"artichoke.":[48],"Free":[49],"acids":[51,107],"(FFAs)":[52],"were":[53,89,108,183],"determined":[54],"by":[55,60,75,186],"LC-HRMS,":[56],"total":[57,63,67],"FA":[58,118],"composition":[59,213],"GC-MS,":[61],"content":[65,69],"(TPC),":[66],"flavonoid":[68],"(TFC),":[70],"antioxidant":[71,144],"activity":[72,145],"toxicity":[74,155],"spectrophotometric":[76],"assays.":[77],"Silybins":[78],"A":[79],"B,":[81],"main":[83],"bioactive":[84],"constituents":[85],"thistle,":[88,223],"quantified":[90],"using":[91],"HPLC,":[92],"while":[93,134],"UHPLC-Orbitrap":[94,159],"MS":[95,160],"was":[96],"employed":[97],"for":[98],"a":[99],"more":[100],"comprehensive":[101],"profiling.":[103],"Linoleic":[104],"oleic":[106],"predominant":[110],"FAs,":[111],"both":[112],"free":[113],"esterified":[115],"forms,":[116],"although":[117],"distributions":[119],"varied":[120],"according":[121],"botanical":[123],"source":[124],"formulation.":[126],"Dietary":[127],"exhibited":[129,141,152,192],"highest":[131,143,154],"TPC":[132],"values,":[133],"Carlina":[137,190],"seed":[139,150,175],"sample":[140,151],"vulgare":[149,181],"against":[156],"V.":[157],"fischeri.":[158],"identified":[161],"32":[162],"compounds,":[164],"revealing":[165],"distinct":[166],"among":[168],"investigated":[170],"matrices.":[171],"In":[172],"samples,":[176],"caftaric":[177],"predominated;":[179],"mostly":[184],"characterized":[185],"trans-chlorogenic":[187],"acid,":[188],"whereas":[189],"elevated":[193],"p-hydroxybenzoic":[194],"exclusive":[197],"detection":[198],"procyanidin":[200],"B2.":[201],"Ultimately,":[202],"these":[203],"results":[204],"provide":[205],"important":[206],"insights":[207],"into":[208],"lipid":[210],"phytochemical":[212],"formulations":[220],"quantification":[226],"FFAs":[228],"such":[230],"samples":[231],"is":[232],"reported":[233],"here.":[234]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2026-11-12T00:00:00"}