{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225822121","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/d18110698","title":"Enclosure Area Shifts Biomass Allocation in Vallisneria spinulosa Yan Growth System During Enclosure Cultivation Process: A Pilot Study","display_name":"Enclosure Area Shifts Biomass Allocation in Vallisneria spinulosa Yan Growth System During Enclosure Cultivation Process: A Pilot Study","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225822121","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/d18110698"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/d18110698","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/d18110698","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/d18110698","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S130273055","display_name":"Diversity","issn_l":"1424-2818","issn":["1424-2818"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Diversity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/d18110698","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101823518","display_name":"Taofeng Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5881-905X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5881-905X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Taofeng Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5881-905X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134135355","display_name":"Ziwei Liu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146620803","display_name":"Wenzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/020hxh324","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146620803"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ziwei Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, China","National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146620803"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146620803"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161472732","display_name":"Xinyu Li","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146620803","display_name":"Wenzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/020hxh324","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146620803"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinyu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, China","National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146620803"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146620803"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161469596","display_name":"Suqing Wu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146620803","display_name":"Wenzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/020hxh324","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146620803"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Suqing Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, China","National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146620803"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146620803"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161441925","display_name":"Chunzhen Fan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146620803","display_name":"Wenzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/020hxh324","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146620803"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chunzhen Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, China","National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146620803"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146620803"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161473961","display_name":"Wenmei Ma","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799293361","display_name":"Baoji University of Arts and Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05nx0xs09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799293361"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenmei Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Geography and Environment, BaoJi University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji 721013, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Geography and Environment, BaoJi University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji 721013, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799293361"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5161441925","https://openalex.org/A5161469596"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146620803"],"apc_list":{"value":2100,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2534},"apc_paid":{"value":2100,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2534},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"11","first_page":"698","last_page":"698"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11624","display_name":"Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment","score":0.5464000105857849,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2311","display_name":"Waste Management and Disposal"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11624","display_name":"Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment","score":0.5464000105857849,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2311","display_name":"Waste Management and Disposal"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10236","display_name":"Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics","score":0.2687999904155731,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2304","display_name":"Environmental Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13391","display_name":"Innovations in Aquaponics and Hydroponics Systems","score":0.02539999969303608,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1104","display_name":"Aquatic Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98375054","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442709","display_name":"Enclosure","level":2,"score":0.8973000049591064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115540264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2945560","display_name":"Biomass (ecology)","level":2,"score":0.7204999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132000320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186101","display_name":"Macrophyte","level":2,"score":0.6937999725341797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5925999879837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142796444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181394","display_name":"Nutrient","level":2,"score":0.5336999893188477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.515500009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168741863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q777671","display_name":"Sowing","level":2,"score":0.47780001163482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776373379","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43177","display_name":"Chlorophyll","level":2,"score":0.4406999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778902199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133878","display_name":"Chlorophyll a","level":2,"score":0.4058000147342682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119850591","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q557542","display_name":"Aquaponics","level":4,"score":0.3993000090122223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776384668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182168","display_name":"Nitrate","level":2,"score":0.39340001344680786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34771814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186101","display_name":"Aquatic plant","level":3,"score":0.3813999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.34450000524520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.32339999079704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183688256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11982","display_name":"Photosynthesis","level":2,"score":0.29429998993873596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140793950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168091","display_name":"Animal science","level":1,"score":0.27070000767707825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67715294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170321","display_name":"Wetland","level":2,"score":0.26649999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C552594755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191667","display_name":"Hydroponics","level":2,"score":0.26510000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144027150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48803","display_name":"Horticulture","level":1,"score":0.259799987077713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C559758991","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37868","display_name":"Algae","level":2,"score":0.2549000084400177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.2547000050544739}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/d18110698","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/d18110698","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/d18110698","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S130273055","display_name":"Diversity","issn_l":"1424-2818","issn":["1424-2818"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Diversity","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/d18110698","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/d18110698","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/d18110698","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S130273055","display_name":"Diversity","issn_l":"1424-2818","issn":["1424-2818"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Diversity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W644385731","https://openalex.org/W655898109","https://openalex.org/W1558915587","https://openalex.org/W1569197363","https://openalex.org/W1788012686","https://openalex.org/W1970082491","https://openalex.org/W1972443454","https://openalex.org/W1985782333","https://openalex.org/W1990165875","https://openalex.org/W2003456464","https://openalex.org/W2016852678","https://openalex.org/W2028140782","https://openalex.org/W2053404845","https://openalex.org/W2082521138","https://openalex.org/W2101372783","https://openalex.org/W2122312969","https://openalex.org/W2141484921","https://openalex.org/W2152895243","https://openalex.org/W2154140763","https://openalex.org/W2154524337","https://openalex.org/W2181191498","https://openalex.org/W2260096877","https://openalex.org/W3025458506","https://openalex.org/W3048522519","https://openalex.org/W3093959671","https://openalex.org/W3096821897","https://openalex.org/W3215667314","https://openalex.org/W4210799079","https://openalex.org/W4313492486","https://openalex.org/W4389070978","https://openalex.org/W4391310447","https://openalex.org/W4391560071","https://openalex.org/W4396791349","https://openalex.org/W4402237392","https://openalex.org/W4404630876","https://openalex.org/W4410721069","https://openalex.org/W7143759694"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Vallisneria":[0],"spinulosa":[1,4,70],"Yan":[2,71],"(V.":[3],"Yan),":[5],"as":[6],"a":[7],"submerged":[8,300],"macrophyte":[9],"and":[10,21,30,47,64,86,106,143,164,189,209,240,250,277,302],"herbal":[11],"plant,":[12],"simultaneously":[13],"exhibits":[14],"ecological":[15,45,309],"restoration":[16],"functions":[17],"in":[18,32,43,74,157,170,187,195,214,218,307],"water":[19,34,62,287,304],"bodies":[20],"medicinal":[22],"value.":[23],"However,":[24],"it":[25],"cannot":[26],"be":[27],"efficiently":[28],"planted":[29,215,226,248],"cultivated":[31],"turbid":[33],"bodies.":[35],"Enclosure":[36],"cultivation":[37,77,298],"technology":[38],"can":[39,292],"solve":[40],"this":[41],"issue":[42],"real":[44,308],"engineering,":[46],"enclosure":[48,57,76,97,112,126,135,177,268,271],"area":[49,58,98,272],"is":[50],"an":[51],"important":[52],"parameter.":[53],"The":[54,93],"impact":[55],"of":[56,67,262,299],"on":[59],"growth":[60,72,285],"characteristics,":[61],"purification,":[63],"microbial":[65],"communities":[66],"the":[68,75,115,171,219,246],"V.":[69],"system":[73],"process":[78],"was":[79,154,185,193,257],"studied,":[80],"with":[81,110,114],"planting":[82],"density":[83],"(50":[84],"plants\u00b7m\u22122)":[85],"soil":[87],"volume":[88],"per":[89],"pot":[90],"kept":[91],"constant.":[92],"results":[94],"showed":[95,228],"that":[96,261],"primarily":[99,273],"shifted":[100,274],"biomass":[101,104,108,275],"allocation:":[102],"aboveground":[103],"decreased,":[105],"belowground":[107],"increased":[109],"increasing":[111],"area,":[113],"root-to-shoot":[116],"ratio":[117],"rising":[118],"from":[119],"0.449":[120],"(A1,":[121],"1":[122,124],"\u00d7":[123,132,174,265],"m":[125,134,176,267],"area)":[127,178],"to":[128],"1.013":[129],"(A16,":[130],"4":[131,133],"area).":[136,269],"Total":[137],"biomass,":[138],"leaf":[139],"number,":[140],"soluble":[141,144],"protein,":[142],"sugar":[145],"did":[146],"not":[147],"differ":[148],"significantly":[149,155,168,212,235,258],"among":[150,225],"treatments.":[151],"Leaf":[152],"length":[153],"greatest":[156],"A1.":[158],"Notably,":[159],"chlorophyll":[160,162,166],"a,":[161],"b,":[163],"total":[165],"were":[167,211],"lowest":[169,194],"A4":[172],"(2":[173],"2":[175],"treatment,":[179],"while":[180],"SOD":[181],"(superoxide":[182],"dismutase)":[183],"activity":[184,192],"highest":[186],"A1":[188,233],"POD":[190],"(peroxidase)":[191],"A1,":[196],"all":[197],"surviving":[198],"global":[199],"multiple-comparison":[200],"correction.":[201],"Nutrient":[202],"removal":[203,243,255],"loads":[204,244],"(TN,":[205],"nitrate":[206],"nitrogen,":[207],"TP,":[208],"PO43\u2212-P)":[210],"higher":[213,236,259],"treatments":[216,227],"than":[217,245,260],"unplanted":[220],"control,":[221],"but":[222],"pairwise":[223],"comparisons":[224],"no":[229],"significant":[230],"differences.":[231],"Furthermore,":[232],"exhibited":[234],"TP":[237],"(total":[238,253],"phosphorus)":[239],"PO43\u2212-P":[241],"(phosphate)":[242],"other":[247],"treatments,":[249],"its":[251],"TN":[252],"nitrogen)":[254],"load":[256],"A9":[263],"(3":[264],"3":[266],"Overall,":[270],"allocation":[276],"induced":[278],"complex":[279],"physiological":[280],"responses,":[281],"without":[282],"uniformly":[283],"improving":[284],"or":[286],"purification":[288,305],"performance.":[289],"This":[290],"study":[291],"provide":[293],"valuable":[294],"references":[295],"for":[296],"efficient":[297],"macrophytes":[301],"enhancing":[303],"effects":[306],"engineering.":[310]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2026-11-12T00:00:00"}
