{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225819589","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18848/1835-9795/cgp/a386","title":"From AI Acceptance to Actual Application: Integrating UTAUT, Flow Theory, and TOE to Explain University Lecturers\u2019 AI Application in Teaching","display_name":"From AI Acceptance to Actual Application: Integrating UTAUT, Flow Theory, and TOE to Explain University Lecturers\u2019 AI Application in Teaching","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225819589","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18848/1835-9795/cgp/a386"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.18848/1835-9795/cgp/a386","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18848/1835-9795/cgp/a386","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18848/1835-9795/cgp/a386","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210199944","display_name":"Ubiquitous Learning An International Journal","issn_l":"1835-9795","issn":["1835-9795","2475-9686"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ubiquitous Learning: An International Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.18848/1835-9795/cgp/a386","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159063470","display_name":"Thi-Trang Tran","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387155935","display_name":"HUTECH University","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpj2n48","country_code":"VN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387155935"]}],"countries":["VN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thi-Trang Tran","raw_affiliation_strings":["HUTECH University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HUTECH University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387155935"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5144128265","display_name":"Ly-Minh-Tri Tran","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387155935","display_name":"HUTECH University","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpj2n48","country_code":"VN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387155935"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47265099","display_name":"Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04qva2324","country_code":"VN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123565023","https://openalex.org/I47265099"]}],"countries":["VN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ly-Minh-Tri Tran","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387155935","https://openalex.org/I47265099"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5132564137","display_name":"Minh-Huong Tang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387155935","display_name":"HUTECH University","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpj2n48","country_code":"VN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387155935"]}],"countries":["VN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Minh-Huong Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["HUTECH UNIVERSITY"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HUTECH UNIVERSITY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387155935"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160511757","display_name":"Bui Minh Khoa","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Minh Khoa Bui","raw_affiliation_strings":["\u0110\u1ea1i H\u1ecdc C\u00f4ng Ngh\u1ec7 Th\u00e0nh Ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u0110\u1ea1i H\u1ecdc C\u00f4ng Ngh\u1ec7 Th\u00e0nh Ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161433517","display_name":"Thi-Thu-Nga Tran","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387155935","display_name":"HUTECH University","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpj2n48","country_code":"VN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387155935"]}],"countries":["VN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thi-Thu-Nga Tran","raw_affiliation_strings":["HUTECH University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HUTECH University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387155935"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10068","display_name":"Technology Adoption and User Behaviour","score":0.9193999767303467,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10068","display_name":"Technology Adoption and User Behaviour","score":0.9193999767303467,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14414","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Education","score":0.07190000265836716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12408","display_name":"Digital Transformation of Higher Education","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71104824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1476639","display_name":"Structural equation modeling","level":2,"score":0.7179999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103621254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9199","display_name":"Vietnamese","level":2,"score":0.6635000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158154518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310970","display_name":"Relevance (law)","level":2,"score":0.6025999784469604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4578000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776185967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q112945","display_name":"Technology acceptance model","level":3,"score":0.45669999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.426800012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777735758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q817765","display_name":"Path (computing)","level":2,"score":0.39089998602867126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778334786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1586270","display_name":"Variation (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.3671000003814697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.36090001463890076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.35249999165534973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82793941","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1046024","display_name":"Path analysis (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.33399999141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120912362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q136822","display_name":"Higher education","level":2,"score":0.3280999958515167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198477413","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7647069","display_name":"Survey data collection","level":2,"score":0.3228999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.3052999973297119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.290800005197525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.28130000829696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.27959999442100525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.27459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38349280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434290","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2694000005722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777211547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141490","display_name":"Training (meteorology)","level":2,"score":0.2637999951839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73945780","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q814232","display_name":"Survey methodology","level":2,"score":0.2572000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55587333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133029","display_name":"Engineering ethics","level":1,"score":0.25529998540878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145912823","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q113558","display_name":"Dynamics (music)","level":2,"score":0.2508000135421753}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.18848/1835-9795/cgp/a386","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18848/1835-9795/cgp/a386","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18848/1835-9795/cgp/a386","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210199944","display_name":"Ubiquitous Learning An International Journal","issn_l":"1835-9795","issn":["1835-9795","2475-9686"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ubiquitous Learning: An International Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.18848/1835-9795/cgp/a386","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18848/1835-9795/cgp/a386","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18848/1835-9795/cgp/a386","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210199944","display_name":"Ubiquitous Learning An International Journal","issn_l":"1835-9795","issn":["1835-9795","2475-9686"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ubiquitous Learning: An International Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Despite":[0],"growing":[1],"interest":[2],"in":[3,8,32,39,125,173,179],"artificial":[4],"intelligence":[5],"(AI)":[6],"use":[7],"higher":[9,221],"education,":[10],"existing":[11],"research":[12],"has":[13],"focused":[14],"largely":[15],"on":[16,56],"technology":[17],"acceptance":[18],"and":[19,62,70,96,127,151,161,165,188,198,223,229,235],"behavioral":[20,210],"intention.":[21],"The":[22,137],"factors":[23,200],"explaining":[24,171],"the":[25,57,71,103,143,156,214],"extent":[26,105],"of":[27,60,64,106,158,177],"lecturers\u2019":[28,108,174,204],"actual":[29,109,175,205],"AI":[30,97,178,206,237],"application":[31,176,207],"teaching":[33],"(AIAT)":[34],"remain":[35],"insufficiently":[36],"understood,":[37],"particularly":[38],"emerging":[40],"contexts":[41],"such":[42],"as":[43],"Vietnam.":[44],"To":[45],"address":[46],"this":[47,49,183],"gap,":[48],"study":[50,184],"proposes":[51],"an":[52],"integrated":[53],"model":[54],"based":[55],"Unified":[58],"Theory":[59,68],"Acceptance":[61],"Use":[63],"Technology":[65],"(UTAUT),":[66],"Flow":[67],"(FT),":[69],"Technology\u2013Organization\u2013Environment":[72],"(TOE)":[73],"framework.":[74],"It":[75],"examines":[76],"how":[77,192],"flow":[78],"experience":[79],"(FE),":[80],"subjective":[81],"norms":[82],"(SN),":[83],"perceived":[84,93],"usefulness":[85],"(PU),":[86],"environmental":[87],"innovativeness":[88],"(EI),":[89],"team":[90],"integration":[91,238],"(TI),":[92],"fit":[94],"(PF),":[95],"ethics":[98],"(AIE)":[99],"are":[100,201],"associated":[101,202],"with":[102,203],"self-reported":[104],"university":[107,123],"AIAT.":[110],"A":[111],"quantitative":[112],"approach":[113],"was":[114],"used.":[115],"Survey":[116],"data":[117],"were":[118],"collected":[119],"from":[120,219],"three":[121],"hundred":[122],"lecturers":[124],"Vietnam":[126],"analyzed":[128],"using":[129],"Partial":[130],"Least":[131],"Squares":[132],"Structural":[133],"Equation":[134],"Modeling":[135],"(PLS-SEM).":[136],"results":[138],"show":[139],"that":[140],"PU":[141],"had":[142],"largest":[144],"estimated":[145],"path":[146],"coefficient,":[147],"followed":[148],"by":[149],"PF":[150],"TI.":[152],"This":[153],"finding":[154],"underscores":[155],"importance":[157],"technological":[159],"relevance":[160],"collaborative":[162],"support.":[163],"AIE":[164],"EI":[166],"also":[167],"contributed":[168],"meaningfully":[169],"to":[170,190,232],"variation":[172],"their":[180],"teaching.":[181],"Theoretically,":[182],"integrates":[185],"UTAUT,":[186],"FT,":[187],"TOE":[189],"explain":[191],"cognitive,":[193],"experiential,":[194],"social,":[195],"technological,":[196],"organizational,":[197],"ethical":[199],"rather":[208],"than":[209],"intention":[211],"alone.":[212],"Practically,":[213],"findings":[215],"provide":[216],"context-specific":[217],"evidence":[218],"Vietnamese":[220],"education":[222],"practical":[224],"implications":[225],"for":[226],"institutional":[227],"leaders":[228],"policymakers":[230],"seeking":[231],"foster":[233],"responsible":[234],"effective":[236],"across":[239],"academic":[240],"settings.":[241]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2026-11-12T00:00:00"}
