{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225818336","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15228833","title":"Posterior Tibial Slope Increase Is Associated with Patellofemoral Joint Metabolic Alteration After Opening-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy","display_name":"Posterior Tibial Slope Increase Is Associated with Patellofemoral Joint Metabolic Alteration After Opening-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225818336","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15228833"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/jcm15228833","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15228833","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15228833","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737969411","display_name":"Journal of Clinical Medicine","issn_l":"2077-0383","issn":["2077-0383"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Clinical Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15228833","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5150527439","display_name":"Zhanguang Piao","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhanguang Piao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 07061, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5814-0363","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 07061, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100379961","display_name":"Tae Woo Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2731-749X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2731-749X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100437","display_name":"SNUH SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/014xqzt56","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467","https://openalex.org/I2802835388","https://openalex.org/I4210100437"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tae Woo Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul 07061, Republic of Korea","Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 07061, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2731-749X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul 07061, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467","https://openalex.org/I4210100437"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 07061, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100727947","display_name":"Jisu Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2845-5909","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2845-5909","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6794-3623"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100437","display_name":"SNUH SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/014xqzt56","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467","https://openalex.org/I2802835388","https://openalex.org/I4210100437"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jisu Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul 07061, Republic of Korea","Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 07061, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6794-3623","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul 07061, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467","https://openalex.org/I4210100437"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 07061, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161457039","display_name":"Seung Baik Kang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seung Baik Kang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Knee Center, Gangnam St. Peter\u2019s General Hospital, Seoul 07061, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Knee Center, Gangnam St. Peter\u2019s General Hospital, Seoul 07061, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056975042","display_name":"Jin Hwa Jeong","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jin Hwa Jeong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Joint Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shinsegae Seoul Hospital, 841, Seoul 07305, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Joint Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shinsegae Seoul Hospital, 841, Seoul 07305, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005894250","display_name":"Moon Jong Chang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2352-7599","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2352-7599"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100437","display_name":"SNUH SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/014xqzt56","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467","https://openalex.org/I2802835388","https://openalex.org/I4210100437"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Moon Jong Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul 07061, Republic of Korea","Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 07061, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2352-7599","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul 07061, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467","https://openalex.org/I4210100437"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 07061, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5005894250"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467","https://openalex.org/I4210100437"],"apc_list":{"value":2600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3137},"apc_paid":{"value":2600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3137},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"22","first_page":"8833","last_page":"8833"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10442","display_name":"Knee injuries and reconstruction techniques","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10442","display_name":"Knee injuries and reconstruction techniques","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11018","display_name":"Lower Extremity Biomechanics and Pathologies","score":0.003800000064074993,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10455","display_name":"Foot and Ankle Surgery","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9646999835968018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779866876","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18349435","display_name":"High tibial osteotomy","level":4,"score":0.6093000173568726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151956035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132755","display_name":"Logistic regression","level":2,"score":0.5041000247001648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156957248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1862216","display_name":"Odds ratio","level":2,"score":0.46369999647140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776389721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2167748","display_name":"Osteotomy","level":2,"score":0.46129998564720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36454342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245341","display_name":"Radiography","level":2,"score":0.42320001125335693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29694066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118301","display_name":"Orthodontics","level":1,"score":0.4207000136375427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908736133","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37425","display_name":"Knee Joint","level":2,"score":0.38839998841285706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777236700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178366","display_name":"Tibia","level":2,"score":0.3831000030040741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.35010001063346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167135981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2146302","display_name":"Retrospective cohort study","level":2,"score":0.32749998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780368125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q229081","display_name":"Patella","level":2,"score":0.3262999951839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781017183","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7911553","display_name":"Valgus","level":2,"score":0.29829999804496765}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/jcm15228833","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15228833","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15228833","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737969411","display_name":"Journal of Clinical Medicine","issn_l":"2077-0383","issn":["2077-0383"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Clinical Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/jcm15228833","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15228833","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15228833","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737969411","display_name":"Journal of Clinical Medicine","issn_l":"2077-0383","issn":["2077-0383"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Clinical Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1823660324","https://openalex.org/W1983526570","https://openalex.org/W1997689572","https://openalex.org/W2006873151","https://openalex.org/W2035446706","https://openalex.org/W2040023390","https://openalex.org/W2053137329","https://openalex.org/W2073557786","https://openalex.org/W2131125789","https://openalex.org/W2172128066","https://openalex.org/W2336670190","https://openalex.org/W2558366467","https://openalex.org/W2590848133","https://openalex.org/W2899083923","https://openalex.org/W2943483829","https://openalex.org/W3116604521","https://openalex.org/W3130189927","https://openalex.org/W3145757619","https://openalex.org/W3196872338","https://openalex.org/W3214497878","https://openalex.org/W4210735253","https://openalex.org/W4282944661","https://openalex.org/W4289333573","https://openalex.org/W4404829740","https://openalex.org/W4408026576"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background/Objectives:":[0],"Opening-wedge":[1],"high":[2],"tibial":[3,169],"osteotomy":[4],"(OWHTO)":[5],"may":[6],"alter":[7],"patellar":[8],"position":[9],"and":[10,37,58,74,82,131,154,219,239,280],"patellofemoral":[11],"(PF)":[12],"loading,":[13],"raising":[14],"concerns":[15],"about":[16],"postoperative":[17],"PF":[18,42,80,101,132,138,202,236],"deterioration.":[19],"This":[20,45],"study":[21,47],"evaluated":[22],"compartment-specific":[23],"changes":[24],"in":[25,51,100,143,150,158,201,256],"SPECT/CT":[26,54],"bone":[27],"tracer":[28],"uptake":[29],"(BTU),":[30],"a":[31,97,166,198,271],"marker":[32],"of":[33,197],"subchondral":[34],"osteoblastic":[35],"activity,":[36],"factors":[38,94],"associated":[39,95,193],"with":[40,96,194],"increased":[41,140,163],"BTU.":[43],"Methods:":[44],"retrospective":[46],"included":[48],"35":[49],"knees":[50,145,152,160],"34":[52],"patients.":[53],"was":[55,67,90,192,242,246],"obtained":[56],"preoperatively":[57],"12\u201324":[59],"months":[60],"postoperatively.":[61],"An":[62,232],"exploratory":[63,185,233],"20%":[64],"relative-change":[65],"threshold":[66],"used":[68,91],"to":[69,92,121,248],"classify":[70],"BTU":[71,116,133,139,203,237],"responses.":[72],"Clinical":[73],"radiographic":[75],"variables":[76],"were":[77,260],"compared":[78],"between":[79,229,235],"BTU-increased":[81],"non-increased":[83],"groups.":[84,230],"Exploratory":[85],"multivariable":[86,186],"binary":[87],"logistic":[88,187],"regression":[89],"assess":[93],">20%":[98,142,149,199],"increase":[99,173,200,238],"BTU,":[102],"coded":[103,110],"as":[104,111],"1,":[105],"versus":[106],"no":[107],"such":[108],"increase,":[109],"0.":[112],"Results:":[113],"Mean":[114],"medial":[115],"decreased":[117,147],"(4.61":[118],"\u00b1":[119,123,175,179],"2.46":[120],"3.38":[122],"1.50;":[124],"p":[125,181,211],"=":[126,182,206,212],"0.005),":[127],"whereas":[128],"mean":[129],"lateral":[130],"did":[134,225],"not":[135,226,265],"change":[136,191,241],"significantly.":[137],"by":[141,148],"12":[144],"(34%),":[146],"16":[151],"(46%),":[153],"remained":[155],"within":[156],"\u00b120%":[157],"7":[159],"(20%).":[161],"The":[162],"group":[164],"had":[165],"greater":[167,189],"posterior":[168],"slope":[170],"angle":[171],"(PTSA)":[172],"(2.87":[174],"1.79\u00b0":[176],"vs.":[177],"0.73":[178],"2.93\u00b0;":[180],"0.029).":[183],"In":[184],"regression,":[188],"PTSA":[190,240],"higher":[195],"odds":[196],"(adjusted":[204],"OR":[205],"1.5275;":[207],"95%":[208],"CI,":[209],"1.0003\u20132.3325;":[210],"0.04985).":[213],"International":[214],"Knee":[215],"Documentation":[216],"Committee":[217],"(IKDC)":[218],"anterior":[220],"knee":[221],"pain":[222],"(AKP)":[223],"scores":[224,259],"differ":[227],"significantly":[228],"Conclusions:":[231],"association":[234],"observed,":[243],"but":[244],"it":[245],"sensitive":[247],"the":[249],"analysis":[250],"conditions.":[251],"No":[252],"significant":[253],"between-group":[254],"differences":[255],"short-term":[257],"clinical":[258,281],"detected.":[261],"These":[262],"findings":[263],"do":[264],"establish":[266],"cartilage":[267],"degeneration,":[268],"causation,":[269],"or":[270],"preventive":[272],"benefit":[273],"from":[274],"controlling":[275],"PTSA.":[276],"Longer-term":[277],"metabolic,":[278],"structural,":[279],"validation":[282],"is":[283],"needed.":[284]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2026-11-12T00:00:00"}
