{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225816060","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10922947/v1","title":"Self-reported alcohol consumption and all-cause mortality during 20 years of follow-up in a Swedish population","display_name":"Self-reported alcohol consumption and all-cause mortality during 20 years of follow-up in a Swedish population","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225816060","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10922947/v1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-10922947/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10922947/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10922947/v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10922947/v1","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161471897","display_name":"Michel Erik Said Watz","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881427289","display_name":"University of Gothenburg","ror":"https://ror.org/01tm6cn81","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881427289"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michel Erik Said Watz","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Gothenburg"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Gothenburg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881427289"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020141601","display_name":"Kristin Ottarsdottir","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5890-0648","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5890-0648"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881427289","display_name":"University of Gothenburg","ror":"https://ror.org/01tm6cn81","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881427289"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kristin Ottarsdottir","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Gothenburg"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Gothenburg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881427289"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087235775","display_name":"Margareta I. Hellgren","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8773-3968","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8773-3968"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881427289","display_name":"University of Gothenburg","ror":"https://ror.org/01tm6cn81","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881427289"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Margareta Inger Hellgren","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Gothenburg"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Gothenburg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881427289"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161431718","display_name":"Yufang Zheng","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881427289","display_name":"University of Gothenburg","ror":"https://ror.org/01tm6cn81","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881427289"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yufang Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Gothenburg"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Gothenburg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881427289"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161467151","display_name":"Ying Li","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881427289","display_name":"University of Gothenburg","ror":"https://ror.org/01tm6cn81","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881427289"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Gothenburg"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Gothenburg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881427289"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091727229","display_name":"Bledar Daka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7722-1528","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7722-1528"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881427289","display_name":"University of Gothenburg","ror":"https://ror.org/01tm6cn81","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881427289"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bledar Daka","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Gothenburg"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Gothenburg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881427289"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077511542","display_name":"Ulf Lindblad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6197-3269","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6197-3269"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881427289","display_name":"University of Gothenburg","ror":"https://ror.org/01tm6cn81","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881427289"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ulf Lindblad","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Gothenburg"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Gothenburg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881427289"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881427289"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11207","display_name":"Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2734","display_name":"Pathology and Forensic Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11207","display_name":"Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2734","display_name":"Pathology and Forensic Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10043","display_name":"Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11264","display_name":"Coffee research and impacts","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8165000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.6607999801635742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50382708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223218","display_name":"Proportional hazards model","level":2,"score":0.6000000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019635848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154","display_name":"Alcohol consumption","level":3,"score":0.5838000178337097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207103383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3930246","display_name":"Hazard ratio","level":3,"score":0.5805000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.580299973487854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147077947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1515895","display_name":"Socioeconomic status","level":3,"score":0.5590999722480774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30772137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164762","display_name":"Consumption (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.5544000267982483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.46630001068115234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188198153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1613840","display_name":"Limiting","level":2,"score":0.41290000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781066024","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156","display_name":"Alcohol","level":2,"score":0.4036000072956085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179755657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58702","display_name":"Mortality rate","level":2,"score":0.3747999966144562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107130276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133805","display_name":"Epidemiology","level":2,"score":0.3578000068664551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777984932","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7336293","display_name":"Risk of mortality","level":2,"score":0.3395000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139162783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1899871","display_name":"Unit of alcohol","level":4,"score":0.3375999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201903717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1778788","display_name":"Cohort study","level":2,"score":0.3102000057697296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.30970001220703125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017944768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1450463","display_name":"Poison control","level":2,"score":0.2973000109195709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61511704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671857","display_name":"Incidence (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.296999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187155963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629029","display_name":"Occupational safety and health","level":2,"score":0.2892000079154968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190385971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373494","display_name":"Injury prevention","level":3,"score":0.2883000075817108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.27720001339912415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152877465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208042","display_name":"Regression analysis","level":2,"score":0.2711000144481659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.2694000005722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82789193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2142611","display_name":"Relative risk","level":3,"score":0.2653999924659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779668873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6693756","display_name":"Lower risk","level":3,"score":0.26420000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50440223","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1475848","display_name":"Risk factor","level":2,"score":0.26179999113082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18747219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620994","display_name":"Standard error","level":2,"score":0.25769999623298645}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-10922947/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10922947/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10922947/v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-10922947/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10922947/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10922947/v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1804495225","https://openalex.org/W1964412419","https://openalex.org/W2070185352","https://openalex.org/W2090130236","https://openalex.org/W2109129984","https://openalex.org/W2143954917","https://openalex.org/W2149650579","https://openalex.org/W2162806992","https://openalex.org/W2344299556","https://openalex.org/W2787107952","https://openalex.org/W2889517514","https://openalex.org/W2954479910","https://openalex.org/W3022423927","https://openalex.org/W3134435768","https://openalex.org/W4362475462","https://openalex.org/W4382987202","https://openalex.org/W4401512677"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Background":[1],"While":[2],"excessive":[3],"alcohol":[4,20,68,225],"consumption":[5,21,99,177,226],"increases":[6],"mortality,":[7],"the":[8,16,127,153,156],"threshold":[9],"remains":[10],"uncertain.This":[11],"study":[12],"aimed":[13],"to":[14,67,84,89,94,227],"investigate":[15],"association":[17],"between":[18],"self-reported":[19],"and":[22,60,97,137,185,201,211,236],"all-cause":[23,115],"mortality":[24,116,165,179,196],"in":[25],"a":[26,33,143,160,241],"representative":[27],"Swedish":[28,47],"population.":[29],"Methods":[30],"In":[31,152],"2002\u20132005,":[32],"random":[34],"sample":[35],"of":[36,63,146,162,244],"2,816":[37],"participants":[38],"aged":[39],"30\u201375":[40],"years":[41],"(mean":[42],"48":[43],"years)":[44],"from":[45],"two":[46],"communities":[48],"was":[49,69,170,209],"recruited":[50],"(participation":[51],"rate":[52],"76%)":[53],"focusing":[54],"on":[55,72,247],"cardiometabolic":[56,138],"risk":[57,139,180],"factors,":[58],"lifestyle,":[59,135],"social":[61],"determinants":[62],"health.":[64],"Self-reported":[65],"exposure":[66],"categorised":[70],"based":[71],"mean":[73,144],"weekly":[74],"ethanol":[75],"intake:":[76],"abstainers,":[77],"occasional":[78,124],"drinkers":[79,125],"(<20":[80],"g/week),":[81,86,91,96],"low":[82,174],"(20":[83],"<60":[85],"moderate":[87,176,245],"(60":[88],"<120":[90],"high":[92],"(120":[93],"<240":[95],"highest":[98,157],"(\u2265240":[100],"g/week).":[101],"Mortality":[102],"follow-up":[103,145],"data":[104],"were":[105,117,131],"available":[106],"through":[107],"31":[108],"December":[109],"2022.":[110],"Hazard":[111],"ratios":[112],"(HR)":[113],"for":[114,133,164,199,240],"estimated":[118],"using":[119],"multivariable":[120],"Cox":[121],"regression":[122],"with":[123,221],"as":[126],"reference":[128],"group.":[129],"Analyses":[130],"adjusted":[132],"demographic,":[134],"socioeconomic":[136],"factors.":[140],"Results":[141],"During":[142],"19.2":[147],"years,":[148],"301":[149],"deaths":[150],"occurred.":[151],"final":[154],"model,":[155],"consumers":[158],"had":[159,193],"HR":[161],"2.0":[163],"(95%":[166],"CI":[167,183,189,205],"1.07-3.75).":[168],"There":[169],"no":[171,228,238],"evidence":[172,239],"that":[173],"or":[175],"influenced":[178],"(HR=0.84;":[181],"95%":[182,188,204],"0.59-1.19":[184],"HR=":[186],"1.17;":[187],"0.76-1.81,":[190],"respectively).":[191],"Abstainers":[192],"an":[194],"increased":[195],"after":[197,213],"adjustments":[198],"age":[200],"sex":[202],"(HR=1.38;":[203],"1.02-1.86),":[206],"but":[207],"it":[208],"attenuated":[210],"non-significant":[212],"further":[214],"adjustments.":[215],"Conclusion":[216],"These":[217],"findings":[218],"are":[219],"consistent":[220],"current":[222],"recommendations":[223],"limiting":[224],"more":[229],"than":[230],"10":[231],"standard":[232],"drinks":[233],"per":[234],"week":[235],"provide":[237],"protective":[242],"effect":[243],"drinking":[246],"mortality.":[248]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2026-11-12T00:00:00"}
