{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225813726","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24129461","title":"A Dark-Matter Candidate Mass from the Carrier Ladder: Torsion-Only Annihilation Against the Relic Density","display_name":"A Dark-Matter Candidate Mass from the Carrier Ladder: Torsion-Only Annihilation Against the Relic Density","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225813726","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24129461"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24129461","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24129461","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24129461","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24129461","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161362375","display_name":"William Alexander Aldred","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1215-577X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1215-577X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Aldred, William Alexander","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1215-577X","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5161362375"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11090","display_name":"Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena","score":0.9901999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11090","display_name":"Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena","score":0.9901999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10048","display_name":"Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies","score":0.003800000064074993,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10095","display_name":"Cosmology and Gravitation Theories","score":0.00279999990016222,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.7940999865531921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201941533","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188721","display_name":"Annihilation","level":2,"score":0.6977999806404114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166126730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q725309","display_name":"Planck","level":2,"score":0.5807999968528748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109214941","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18334","display_name":"Particle physics","level":1,"score":0.5475000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52233224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44363","display_name":"Fermion","level":2,"score":0.5432999730110168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159249277","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79925","display_name":"Dark matter","level":2,"score":0.5253999829292297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124420848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333076","display_name":"Overproduction","level":3,"score":0.517799973487854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778049214","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512234","display_name":"Sigma","level":2,"score":0.5023000240325928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147120987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2225","display_name":"Electron","level":2,"score":0.4104999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134121241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899301","display_name":"Yield (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.392300009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185544564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81197","display_name":"Nuclear physics","level":1,"score":0.38589999079704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101454708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17106019","display_name":"Standard Model (mathematical formulation)","level":3,"score":0.3425999879837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3079626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q234881","display_name":"Quantum electrodynamics","level":1,"score":0.305400013923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152568617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2348","display_name":"Neutron","level":2,"score":0.2948000133037567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production (economics)","level":2,"score":0.26989999413490295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184779094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26383","display_name":"Atomic physics","level":1,"score":0.26409998536109924}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24129461","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24129461","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24129461","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24129462","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24129462","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24129462","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24129461","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24129461","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24129461","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"If":[0],"a":[1,112,153],"fermion":[2,89],"from":[3,72,147],"the":[4,8,23,32,36,53,57,70,73,76,93,115],"carrier":[5,54,68],"ladder":[6,88],"is":[7,60,143,151],"dark":[9,94],"matter,":[10],"its":[11,104],"abundance":[12,105],"must":[13],"be":[14,80,92],"set":[15,31,107],"by":[16,50,82],"some":[17],"depletion":[18],"process.":[19],"This":[20,141],"paper":[21],"tests":[22],"minimal":[24],"possibility":[25],"that":[26],"torsion":[27],"contact":[28],"interactions":[29],"alone":[30],"relic":[33],"density,":[34],"using":[35],"standard":[37],"thermal-relic":[38],"relation":[39],"between":[40],"annihilation":[41],"rate":[42],"and":[43,145],"present":[44],"abundance.":[45],"The":[46],"torsion-mediated":[47],"rate,":[48],"suppressed":[49],"powers":[51],"of":[52,85],"mass":[55],"over":[56],"Planck":[58],"mass,":[59],"far":[61],"too":[62],"small":[63],"for":[64,109],"every":[65],"Standard":[66],"Model":[67],"on":[69],"ladder,":[71],"electron":[74,134],"to":[75],"tau.":[77],"Each":[78],"would":[79],"overproduced":[81],"many":[83],"orders":[84],"magnitude.":[86],"A":[87],"can":[90],"therefore":[91],"matter":[95],"only":[96],"if":[97,103],"another":[98],"interaction":[99],"depletes":[100],"it,":[101],"or":[102],"was":[106],"non-thermally,":[108],"example":[110],"at":[111],"bounce,":[113],"with":[114],"yield":[116],"computed":[117,146],"separately.":[118],"Headline":[119],"values":[120],"are:":[121],"sigma":[122],"v":[123],"required":[124],"m3":[125],"s":[126],"=":[127,131,135,139],"3.000e-32,":[128],"overproduction":[129,133,137],"tau":[130],"1.809e+67,":[132],"2.187e+74,":[136],"neutron":[138],"6.468e+67.":[140],"study":[142],"simulated":[144],"stated":[148],"assumptions;":[149],"it":[150],"not":[152],"measurement.":[154]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2026-11-12T00:00:00"}