{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225812126","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11438472/v1","title":"Clinical and Laboratory Factors Associated With Atherosclerotic Disease in Patients Receiving Maintenance Hemodialysis: A Cross-Sectional Study","display_name":"Clinical and Laboratory Factors Associated With Atherosclerotic Disease in Patients Receiving Maintenance Hemodialysis: A Cross-Sectional Study","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225812126","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11438472/v1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-11438472/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11438472/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11438472/v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11438472/v1","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161430380","display_name":"Qiu Li","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Baoshan Second People's Hospital, Baoshan, Yunnan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Baoshan Second People's Hospital, Baoshan, Yunnan, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100851286","display_name":"Hongyong Yu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongyong Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Baoshan Second People's Hospital, Baoshan, Yunnan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Baoshan Second People's Hospital, Baoshan, Yunnan, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161434381","display_name":"Chun Chen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chun Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Baoshan Second People's Hospital, Baoshan, Yunnan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Baoshan Second People's Hospital, Baoshan, Yunnan, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161481807","display_name":"Chunyan Yang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chunyan Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Baoshan Second People's Hospital, Baoshan, Yunnan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Baoshan Second People's Hospital, Baoshan, Yunnan, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161420043","display_name":"Jian Wang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jian Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Baoshan Second People's Hospital, Baoshan, Yunnan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Baoshan Second People's Hospital, Baoshan, Yunnan, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088915848","display_name":"\u90ed\u5fc5\u4e1c","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bidong Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Baoshan Second People's Hospital, Baoshan, Yunnan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Baoshan Second People's Hospital, Baoshan, Yunnan, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161471125","display_name":"Fang Jiang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fang Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Baoshan Second People's Hospital, Baoshan, Yunnan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Baoshan Second People's Hospital, Baoshan, Yunnan, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046253457","display_name":"Xuejiao Mei","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuejiao Mei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Baoshan Second People's Hospital, Baoshan, Yunnan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Baoshan Second People's Hospital, Baoshan, Yunnan, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138148928","display_name":"\u5e94\u8776 \u590f","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yingdie Xia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Baoshan Second People's Hospital, Baoshan, Yunnan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Baoshan Second People's Hospital, Baoshan, Yunnan, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161484917","display_name":"Zhihang Xiao","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhihang Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Baoshan Second People's Hospital, Baoshan, Yunnan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Baoshan Second People's Hospital, Baoshan, Yunnan, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161484992","display_name":"Ying Liang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Baoshan Second People's Hospital, Baoshan, Yunnan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Baoshan Second People's Hospital, Baoshan, Yunnan, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161487717","display_name":"Xiaojiao Zhao","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaojiao Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Baoshan Second People's Hospital, Baoshan, Yunnan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Baoshan Second People's Hospital, Baoshan, Yunnan, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092186084","display_name":"\u601d\u51dd \u9648","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sining Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Baoshan Second People's Hospital, Baoshan, Yunnan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Baoshan Second People's Hospital, Baoshan, Yunnan, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161473142","display_name":"Shaojun Lu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shaojun Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Baoshan Second People's Hospital, Baoshan, Yunnan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Baoshan Second People's Hospital, Baoshan, Yunnan, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5161473142"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10291","display_name":"Dialysis and Renal Disease Management","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2727","display_name":"Nephrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10291","display_name":"Dialysis and Renal Disease Management","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2727","display_name":"Nephrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10516","display_name":"Parathyroid Disorders and Treatments","score":0.003599999938160181,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2727","display_name":"Nephrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10408","display_name":"Chronic Kidney Disease and Diabetes","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2727","display_name":"Nephrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8592000007629395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.6948999762535095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151956035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132755","display_name":"Logistic regression","level":2,"score":0.6833000183105469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.6639999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.6033999919891357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156957248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1862216","display_name":"Odds ratio","level":2,"score":0.5870000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164705383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10379","display_name":"Cardiology","level":1,"score":0.557200014591217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778063415","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q391744","display_name":"Hemodialysis","level":2,"score":0.5432999730110168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909478654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844935","display_name":"Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease","level":3,"score":0.4878999888896942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.48260000348091125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778213512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844935","display_name":"Coronary artery disease","level":2,"score":0.43720000982284546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160798450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4230870","display_name":"Concordance","level":2,"score":0.3483999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018348675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4797557","display_name":"Arterial disease","level":3,"score":0.3416000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779788118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1542410","display_name":"Thrombocytosis","level":3,"score":0.3253999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C500558357","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12152","display_name":"Myocardial infarction","level":2,"score":0.3061999976634979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781184567","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107244","display_name":"Monocyte","level":2,"score":0.3025999963283539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777180221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3025883","display_name":"Type 2 diabetes","level":3,"score":0.2881999909877777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777466421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1266890","display_name":"Vascular disease","level":2,"score":0.2849999964237213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778653478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1054718","display_name":"Kidney disease","level":2,"score":0.2815999984741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143095724","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q515895","display_name":"Odds","level":3,"score":0.2802000045776367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198433322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3910099","display_name":"Predictive value of tests","level":2,"score":0.2678999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776393769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184559","display_name":"Arteriosclerosis","level":2,"score":0.2612000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019040382","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q476921","display_name":"End stage renal disease","level":3,"score":0.25780001282691956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48921125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10861030","display_name":"Linear regression","level":2,"score":0.257099986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.2533999979496002}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-11438472/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11438472/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11438472/v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-11438472/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11438472/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11438472/v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2599076725","https://openalex.org/W4367601742","https://openalex.org/W4383535386","https://openalex.org/W4397002018","https://openalex.org/W4399668312","https://openalex.org/W4399915734","https://openalex.org/W4404474272","https://openalex.org/W4410034833"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Purpose":[1],"Patients":[2],"receiving":[3,49],"maintenance":[4],"hemodialysis":[5],"(MHD)":[6],"have":[7],"a":[8,43,93],"substantial":[9],"burden":[10],"of":[11,18,46,124],"atherosclerotic":[12,34,65,73,195,234],"disease,":[13,66],"yet":[14],"the":[15,105,129,203],"relative":[16],"contributions":[17],"conventional":[19],"and":[20,29,111,181,202,226,244],"dialysis-related":[21],"factors":[22,31],"remain":[23],"incompletely":[24],"characterized.":[25],"We":[26,41],"investigated":[27],"clinical":[28],"laboratory":[30],"associated":[32,193,232],"with":[33,76,194,233,260],"disease":[35,59,119,235],"in":[36,80,104,122,236],"an":[37,87,251],"MHD":[38,50,238],"cohort.":[39,239],"Methods":[40],"conducted":[42],"cross-sectional":[44],"study":[45],"113":[47,125],"patients":[48,126],"at":[51],"Baoshan":[52],"Second":[53],"People\u2019s":[54],"Hospital,":[55],"Yunnan,":[56],"China.":[57],"Atherosclerotic":[58,118],"was":[60,97,120,200,206],"defined":[61],"as":[62],"documented":[63],"coronary":[64],"ischemic":[67],"stroke/cerebral":[68],"infarction,":[69],"or":[70,249],"lower-extremity":[71],"arterial":[72],"plaque.":[74],"Variables":[75],"P":[77],"<":[78],"0.10":[79],"univariable":[81],"logistic":[82],"regression":[83],"were":[84,115,191,230],"entered":[85],"into":[86],"initial":[88],"multivariable":[89],"model,":[90,131],"from":[91],"which":[92],"parsimonious":[94,130],"six-variable":[95],"model":[96],"derived":[98],"by":[99],"backward":[100],"elimination.":[101],"Multicollinearity,":[102],"linearity":[103],"logit,":[106],"influential":[107],"observations,":[108],"calibration,":[109],"discrimination,":[110],"bootstrap":[112,212],"internal":[113],"validation":[114],"assessed.":[116],"Results":[117],"present":[121],"74":[123],"(65.5%).":[127],"In":[128],"age":[132],"(adjusted":[133],"odds":[134],"ratio":[135],"[aOR]":[136],"2.41,":[137],"95%":[138,149,155,164,175,186],"confidence":[139],"interval":[140],"[CI]":[141],"1.48\u20133.91":[142],"per":[143,167,178,189],"10":[144,179],"years),":[145],"diabetes":[146],"(aOR":[147,153,184],"5.56,":[148],"CI":[150,156,165,176,187],"1.04\u201329.61),":[151],"smoking":[152],"5.03,":[154],"1.41\u201318.00),":[157],"interdialytic":[158],"weight":[159],"gain":[160],"(IDWG;":[161],"aOR":[162,173],"1.89,":[163],"1.27\u20132.82":[166],"percentage":[168],"point),":[169],"alkaline":[170],"phosphatase":[171],"(ALP;":[172],"1.14,":[174],"1.01\u20131.29":[177],"U/L),":[180],"monocyte":[182,228],"count":[183,229],"1.56,":[185],"1.10\u20132.22":[188],"0.1\u00d710^9/L)":[190],"independently":[192,231],"disease.":[196],"The":[197],"apparent":[198],"AUC":[199,205],"0.867":[201],"optimism-corrected":[204],"approximately":[207],"0.832":[208],"after":[209],"1,000":[210],"planned":[211],"resamples":[213],"(978":[214],"successful":[215],"fits).":[216],"Conclusion":[217],"Older":[218],"age,":[219],"diabetes,":[220],"smoking,":[221],"greater":[222],"IDWG,":[223],"higher":[224,227],"ALP,":[225],"this":[237],"These":[240],"findings":[241],"are":[242,264],"hypothesis-generating":[243],"do":[245],"not":[246],"establish":[247],"causality":[248],"constitute":[250],"externally":[252],"validated":[253],"prediction":[254],"model.":[255],"Larger":[256],"prospective":[257],"multicenter":[258],"studies":[259],"standardized":[261],"vascular":[262],"ascertainment":[263],"warranted.":[265]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2026-11-12T00:00:00"}
