{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225808121","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.6c06231","title":"Probing Single Ions at Mica-Aqueous Interfaces Using Atomic Force Microscopy","display_name":"Probing Single Ions at Mica-Aqueous Interfaces Using Atomic Force Microscopy","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225808121","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.6c06231"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1021/acs.jpcc.6c06231","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.6c06231","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.6c06231","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95739953","display_name":"The Journal of Physical Chemistry C","issn_l":"1932-7447","issn":["1932-7447","1932-7455"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Physical Chemistry C","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.6c06231","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082915776","display_name":"Clodomiro Cafolla","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8759-8775","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8759-8775"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I190082696","display_name":"Durham University","ror":"https://ror.org/01v29qb04","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I190082696"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Clodomiro Cafolla","raw_affiliation_strings":["Durham University , , ,"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8759-8775","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Durham University , , ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I190082696"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091065374","display_name":"Kislon Vo\u00eftchovsky","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7760-4732","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7760-4732"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I190082696","display_name":"Durham University","ror":"https://ror.org/01v29qb04","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I190082696"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kislon Voi\u0308tchovsky","raw_affiliation_strings":["Durham University , , ,"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7760-4732","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Durham University , , ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I190082696"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I190082696"],"apc_list":{"value":4500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4500},"apc_paid":{"value":4500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4500},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10923","display_name":"Force Microscopy Techniques and Applications","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10923","display_name":"Force Microscopy Techniques and Applications","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12274","display_name":"Electrostatics and Colloid Interactions","score":0.0015999999595806003,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1606","display_name":"Physical and Theoretical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14488","display_name":"Chemical and Physical Studies","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145148216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36496","display_name":"Ion","level":2,"score":0.7261000275611877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150394285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180254","display_name":"Adsorption","level":2,"score":0.6639000177383423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159467904","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2001702","display_name":"Chemical physics","level":1,"score":0.6202999949455261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184651966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q906356","display_name":"Aqueous solution","level":2,"score":0.5654000043869019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32909587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11369","display_name":"Molecule","level":2,"score":0.5559999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2182769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62500","display_name":"Ionic bonding","level":3,"score":0.48739999532699585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180205008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159190","display_name":"Amplitude","level":2,"score":0.4235000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.4212999939918518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99692599","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q596577","display_name":"Dissipative system","level":2,"score":0.4083000123500824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.3873000144958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199164860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6822745","display_name":"Metal ions in aqueous solution","level":3,"score":0.38679999113082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83898325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324110","display_name":"Kelvin probe force microscope","level":3,"score":0.3734000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102951782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49295","display_name":"Atomic force microscopy","level":2,"score":0.36959999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113196181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485223","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry (journal)","level":2,"score":0.3431999981403351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.3416000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71246147","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16029538","display_name":"Non-contact atomic force microscopy","level":4,"score":0.3091999888420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149823470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1088326","display_name":"Solvation shell","level":4,"score":0.30730000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147080431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074953","display_name":"Microscopy","level":2,"score":0.3057999908924103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138268822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1051925","display_name":"Resolution (logic)","level":2,"score":0.30079999566078186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544153396","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11426","display_name":"Metal","level":2,"score":0.28540000319480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198394728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3695508","display_name":"Vibration","level":2,"score":0.2840999960899353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9624258","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2858616","display_name":"Surface forces apparatus","level":3,"score":0.2718000113964081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41999313","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q489328","display_name":"Molecular physics","level":1,"score":0.2660999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154881586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898579","display_name":"Ionic liquid","level":3,"score":0.2660999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.2578999996185303}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1021/acs.jpcc.6c06231","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.6c06231","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.6c06231","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95739953","display_name":"The Journal of Physical Chemistry C","issn_l":"1932-7447","issn":["1932-7447","1932-7455"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Physical Chemistry C","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1021/acs.jpcc.6c06231","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.6c06231","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.6c06231","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95739953","display_name":"The Journal of Physical Chemistry C","issn_l":"1932-7447","issn":["1932-7447","1932-7455"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Physical Chemistry C","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":86,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968054181","https://openalex.org/W1974262428","https://openalex.org/W1979027952","https://openalex.org/W1979552135","https://openalex.org/W1981785026","https://openalex.org/W1982834282","https://openalex.org/W1986037089","https://openalex.org/W1997269299","https://openalex.org/W1999285513","https://openalex.org/W2002841956","https://openalex.org/W2005457526","https://openalex.org/W2014395371","https://openalex.org/W2020757056","https://openalex.org/W2033251150","https://openalex.org/W2035006950","https://openalex.org/W2042476663","https://openalex.org/W2051538695","https://openalex.org/W2059816193","https://openalex.org/W2067344704","https://openalex.org/W2069507241","https://openalex.org/W2082909620","https://openalex.org/W2083753650","https://openalex.org/W2084606689","https://openalex.org/W2088515211","https://openalex.org/W2092286054","https://openalex.org/W2092300894","https://openalex.org/W2092834625","https://openalex.org/W2098266158","https://openalex.org/W2107130414","https://openalex.org/W2107204741","https://openalex.org/W2112044673","https://openalex.org/W2152759233","https://openalex.org/W2167590372","https://openalex.org/W2265140434","https://openalex.org/W2302767145","https://openalex.org/W2326352651","https://openalex.org/W2326739735","https://openalex.org/W2328638068","https://openalex.org/W2334937851","https://openalex.org/W2401660871","https://openalex.org/W2435408353","https://openalex.org/W2469187505","https://openalex.org/W2589971676","https://openalex.org/W2596345738","https://openalex.org/W2605602318","https://openalex.org/W2622570189","https://openalex.org/W2624365676","https://openalex.org/W2735355741","https://openalex.org/W2738438584","https://openalex.org/W2793376656","https://openalex.org/W2809065824","https://openalex.org/W2899768847","https://openalex.org/W2900456542","https://openalex.org/W2916940192","https://openalex.org/W2919990194","https://openalex.org/W2939361347","https://openalex.org/W3006287082","https://openalex.org/W3028689404","https://openalex.org/W3043384614","https://openalex.org/W3109111394","https://openalex.org/W3115212529","https://openalex.org/W3131171697","https://openalex.org/W3150248096","https://openalex.org/W3199566430","https://openalex.org/W3200528684","https://openalex.org/W3202458801","https://openalex.org/W4205581769","https://openalex.org/W4210536931","https://openalex.org/W4229038374","https://openalex.org/W4307657755","https://openalex.org/W4318188156","https://openalex.org/W4327794812","https://openalex.org/W4389993348","https://openalex.org/W4395686194","https://openalex.org/W4400421609","https://openalex.org/W4400452356","https://openalex.org/W4401121548","https://openalex.org/W4404874815","https://openalex.org/W4409713810","https://openalex.org/W4410281582","https://openalex.org/W4411612089","https://openalex.org/W4413687141","https://openalex.org/W7124712270","https://openalex.org/W7125674716","https://openalex.org/W7151470220","https://openalex.org/W7161284664"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Over":[1],"the":[2,17,25,53,56,65,86,93,107,137,153,161,166,181,208,227,231,238],"last":[3],"decades,":[4],"atomic":[5],"force":[6],"microscopy":[7],"(AFM)":[8],"has":[9],"developed":[10],"into":[11],"a":[12,30,104,128],"tool":[13],"capable":[14],"of":[15,21,92,113,152,226,237],"mapping":[16],"equilibrium":[18,182],"3-dimensional":[19],"organization":[20],"liquid":[22,95],"molecules":[23,46],"at":[24,175,192],"interface":[26,109,155,209],"with":[27,140,186,213],"solids":[28],"using":[29],"vibrating":[31],"tip.":[32,240],"While":[33],"very":[34],"successful":[35],"for":[36,72,199,221],"pure":[37,125],"liquids,":[38],"measurements":[39,74],"in":[40,75,110,224],"solutions":[41,112],"containing":[42],"dissolved":[43],"ions":[44,163,200,212],"or":[45],"can":[47,59,156],"be":[48,158],"more":[49,190],"challenging":[50],"due":[51],"to":[52,79,85,136,211],"fact":[54],"that":[55,148],"AFM":[57,87],"tip":[58,167],"unwittingly":[60],"remove":[61],"single":[62],"adsorbates":[63],"during":[64],"measurement.":[66],"This":[67,195],"issue":[68,101],"is":[69,196],"particularly":[70,197],"important":[71],"high-resolution":[73],"liquid,":[76],"potentially":[77],"leading":[78],"adsorbed":[80,162],"species":[81],"becoming":[82,189],"effectively":[83],"invisible":[84],"despite":[88],"it":[89],"resolving":[90,160],"details":[91],"smaller":[94,176],"molecules.":[96],"Here,":[97],"we":[98],"explore":[99],"this":[100],"systematically":[102],"on":[103,165],"known":[105],"system:":[106],"mica-water":[108],"aqueous":[111],"5":[114],"mM":[115,122],"RbCl,":[116],"KCl,":[117],"NaCl,":[118],"LiCl":[119],"and":[120,124,143,170,230,234],"2":[121],"CaCl2,":[123],"water":[126,183],"as":[127,202],"reference.":[129],"The":[130,217],"different":[131,141],"metal":[132],"cations":[133],"all":[134],"adsorb":[135,205],"interface,":[138],"but":[139],"strengths":[142],"hydration":[144,228],"states.":[145],"We":[146],"show":[147],"although":[149],"atomic-level":[150],"resolution":[151],"hydrated":[154],"always":[157],"achieved,":[159],"depends":[164],"vibration":[168],"amplitude":[169,177],"imaging":[171],"conditions.":[172],"Measurements":[173],"conducted":[174],"are":[178,219],"dominated":[179],"by":[180],"molecular":[184],"arrangement,":[185],"ionic":[187],"effects":[188],"prominent":[191],"larger":[193],"amplitudes.":[194],"clear":[198],"such":[201],"Rb+":[203],"which":[204],"further":[206],"from":[207],"compared":[210],"higher":[214],"charge":[215],"density.":[216],"results":[218],"discussed":[220],"each":[222],"ion":[223],"terms":[225],"state":[229],"measured":[232],"conservative":[233],"dissipative":[235],"interactions":[236],"measuring":[239]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2026-11-12T00:00:00"}