{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225802489","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics15111124","title":"Phage-Derived Antimicrobial Strategies Against Treponema pallidum: Genomic Evidence, Biological Barriers, and Translational Roadmap","display_name":"Phage-Derived Antimicrobial Strategies Against Treponema pallidum: Genomic Evidence, Biological Barriers, and Translational Roadmap","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225802489","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics15111124"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/antibiotics15111124","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics15111124","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics15111124","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736332253","display_name":"Antibiotics","issn_l":"2079-6382","issn":["2079-6382"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Antibiotics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics15111124","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076934117","display_name":"Sabit Kabdyshevich Kokanov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2630-8489","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2630-8489"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sabit Kokanov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory for Cell Biotechnology, Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, National Holding QazBioPharm, Guardeyskiy 080409, Zhambyl Region, Kazakhstan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Cell Biotechnology, Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, National Holding QazBioPharm, Guardeyskiy 080409, Zhambyl Region, Kazakhstan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011170482","display_name":"\u041d\u0430\u0445\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u0410\u0437\u0438\u0437 \u041a\u0443\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0431\u0430\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0447","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6593-0271","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6593-0271"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aziz Nakhanov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory for Cell Biotechnology, Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, National Holding QazBioPharm, Guardeyskiy 080409, Zhambyl Region, Kazakhstan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6593-0271","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Cell Biotechnology, Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, National Holding QazBioPharm, Guardeyskiy 080409, Zhambyl Region, Kazakhstan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018449793","display_name":"Nazym Syrymkyzy Syrym","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4361-5676","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4361-5676","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5799-0485"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nazym Syrym","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory for Microbiology, Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, National Holding QazBioPharm, Guardeyskiy 080409, Zhambyl Region, Kazakhstan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Microbiology, Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, National Holding QazBioPharm, Guardeyskiy 080409, Zhambyl Region, Kazakhstan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054570757","display_name":"Bolat Yespembetov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3312-4045","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3312-4045"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bolat Yespembetov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory for Microbiology, Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, National Holding QazBioPharm, Guardeyskiy 080409, Zhambyl Region, Kazakhstan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Microbiology, Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, National Holding QazBioPharm, Guardeyskiy 080409, Zhambyl Region, Kazakhstan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085121770","display_name":"A. A. Terebay","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2077-7063","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2077-7063"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aibol Terebay","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory for Cell Biotechnology, Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, National Holding QazBioPharm, Guardeyskiy 080409, Zhambyl Region, Kazakhstan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Cell Biotechnology, Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, National Holding QazBioPharm, Guardeyskiy 080409, Zhambyl Region, Kazakhstan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093666316","display_name":"Azamat R. Abdimukhtar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4585-7476","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4585-7476"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Azamat Abdimukhtar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory for Microbiology, Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, National Holding QazBioPharm, Guardeyskiy 080409, Zhambyl Region, Kazakhstan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Microbiology, Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, National Holding QazBioPharm, Guardeyskiy 080409, Zhambyl Region, Kazakhstan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133422724","display_name":"Ye. Serikbay","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9186-0529","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9186-0529"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yeldos Serikbay","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory for Microbiology, Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, National Holding QazBioPharm, Guardeyskiy 080409, Zhambyl Region, Kazakhstan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Microbiology, Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, National Holding QazBioPharm, Guardeyskiy 080409, Zhambyl Region, Kazakhstan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107691009","display_name":"Akbope A. Abdykalyk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1998-8798","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1998-8798"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Akbope Abdykalyk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory for Microbiology, Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, National Holding QazBioPharm, Guardeyskiy 080409, Zhambyl Region, Kazakhstan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1998-8798","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Microbiology, Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, National Holding QazBioPharm, Guardeyskiy 080409, Zhambyl Region, Kazakhstan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092011437","display_name":"Aktoty M. Anarbekova","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3884-4458","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3884-4458"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aktoty Anarbekova","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory for Microbiology, Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, National Holding QazBioPharm, Guardeyskiy 080409, Zhambyl Region, Kazakhstan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Microbiology, Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, National Holding QazBioPharm, Guardeyskiy 080409, Zhambyl Region, Kazakhstan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5116775743","display_name":"Sabira E. Alpysbayeva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9839-6199","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9839-6199"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sabira Alpysbayeva","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory for Microbiology, Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, National Holding QazBioPharm, Guardeyskiy 080409, Zhambyl Region, Kazakhstan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Microbiology, Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, National Holding QazBioPharm, Guardeyskiy 080409, Zhambyl Region, Kazakhstan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051251375","display_name":"Makhpal K. Sarmykova","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0650-7457","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0650-7457"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Makhpal Sarmykova","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory for Microbiology, Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, National Holding QazBioPharm, Guardeyskiy 080409, Zhambyl Region, Kazakhstan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Microbiology, Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, National Holding QazBioPharm, Guardeyskiy 080409, Zhambyl Region, Kazakhstan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114598204","display_name":"Alinur T. Toleukhan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1906-746X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1906-746X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alinur Toleukhan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory for Microbiology, Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, National Holding QazBioPharm, Guardeyskiy 080409, Zhambyl Region, Kazakhstan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Microbiology, Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, National Holding QazBioPharm, Guardeyskiy 080409, Zhambyl Region, Kazakhstan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160170536","display_name":"Kali Tileukhanov","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kali Tileukhanov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory for Microbiology, Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, National Holding QazBioPharm, Guardeyskiy 080409, Zhambyl Region, Kazakhstan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Microbiology, Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, National Holding QazBioPharm, Guardeyskiy 080409, Zhambyl Region, Kazakhstan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120428399","display_name":"Bekzat Yerzhigit","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0681-0035","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0681-0035"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bekzat Yerzhigit","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory for Microbiology, Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, National Holding QazBioPharm, Guardeyskiy 080409, Zhambyl Region, Kazakhstan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Microbiology, Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, National Holding QazBioPharm, Guardeyskiy 080409, Zhambyl Region, Kazakhstan","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5018449793","https://openalex.org/A5076934117"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2900,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3499},"apc_paid":{"value":2900,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3499},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"11","first_page":"1124","last_page":"1124"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11048","display_name":"Bacteriophages and microbial interactions","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2406","display_name":"Virology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11048","display_name":"Bacteriophages and microbial interactions","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2406","display_name":"Virology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11934","display_name":"Syphilis Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.0013000000035390258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10428","display_name":"Reproductive tract infections research","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2404","display_name":"Microbiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780187896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q134745","display_name":"Treponema","level":4,"score":0.7688999772071838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182615771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1369386","display_name":"Lytic cycle","level":3,"score":0.7366999983787537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.6435999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73445445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1712327","display_name":"Prophage","level":5,"score":0.6121000051498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.49470001459121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.48570001125335693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776441376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165028","display_name":"Bacteriophage","level":4,"score":0.4828000068664551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779256223","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q611870","display_name":"Phage therapy","level":5,"score":0.4383000135421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89423630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193","display_name":"Microbiology","level":1,"score":0.436599999666214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141231307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7020","display_name":"Genome","level":3,"score":0.397599995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24527192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17149729","display_name":"Human pathogen","level":3,"score":0.36980000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136199206","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148110","display_name":"Lysogenic cycle","level":5,"score":0.34619998931884766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4937899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68541106","display_name":"Antimicrobial","level":2,"score":0.34150001406669617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776983459","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41083","display_name":"Syphilis","level":3,"score":0.33970001339912415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52384281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864713","display_name":"Biosafety","level":2,"score":0.3109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.3084000051021576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909760446","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12198","display_name":"Sexually transmitted disease","level":4,"score":0.2793999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94665300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q63391344","display_name":"Antibiotic resistance","level":3,"score":0.27549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778545548","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4914739","display_name":"Biodefense","level":2,"score":0.26260000467300415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105176652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1147112","display_name":"Comparative genomics","level":5,"score":0.26179999113082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780115692","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5747302","display_name":"Heterologous","level":3,"score":0.26170000433921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59411770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242560","display_name":"Biological warfare","level":2,"score":0.2565999925136566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776460866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170065","display_name":"Pathogen","level":2,"score":0.2565000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189206191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q222046","display_name":"Genomics","level":4,"score":0.25189998745918274}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/antibiotics15111124","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics15111124","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics15111124","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736332253","display_name":"Antibiotics","issn_l":"2079-6382","issn":["2079-6382"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Antibiotics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/antibiotics15111124","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics15111124","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics15111124","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736332253","display_name":"Antibiotics","issn_l":"2079-6382","issn":["2079-6382"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Antibiotics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":72,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1498445762","https://openalex.org/W1534386309","https://openalex.org/W1981185465","https://openalex.org/W2095808494","https://openalex.org/W2116669834","https://openalex.org/W2135648896","https://openalex.org/W2148572979","https://openalex.org/W2153843103","https://openalex.org/W2345791363","https://openalex.org/W2747615902","https://openalex.org/W2792108714","https://openalex.org/W2811481829","https://openalex.org/W2886168820","https://openalex.org/W2895726097","https://openalex.org/W2910246763","https://openalex.org/W2911362701","https://openalex.org/W2940459311","https://openalex.org/W2943878465","https://openalex.org/W2944870141","https://openalex.org/W2972737384","https://openalex.org/W2983772326","https://openalex.org/W3033129278","https://openalex.org/W3118048495","https://openalex.org/W3118439581","https://openalex.org/W3120586285","https://openalex.org/W3127656915","https://openalex.org/W3133060763","https://openalex.org/W3142026310","https://openalex.org/W3162356065","https://openalex.org/W3185444663","https://openalex.org/W3194066313","https://openalex.org/W4224296484","https://openalex.org/W4226114324","https://openalex.org/W4282017759","https://openalex.org/W4297983836","https://openalex.org/W4307372819","https://openalex.org/W4322620374","https://openalex.org/W4384922793","https://openalex.org/W4386923826","https://openalex.org/W4387400528","https://openalex.org/W4387949136","https://openalex.org/W4391563423","https://openalex.org/W4393949748","https://openalex.org/W4398137197","https://openalex.org/W4399258001","https://openalex.org/W4399558098","https://openalex.org/W4402843115","https://openalex.org/W4405261997","https://openalex.org/W4406604086","https://openalex.org/W4406624475","https://openalex.org/W4409952476","https://openalex.org/W4410842488","https://openalex.org/W4411890240","https://openalex.org/W4412619023","https://openalex.org/W4412689472","https://openalex.org/W4413258430","https://openalex.org/W4413826236","https://openalex.org/W4413844969","https://openalex.org/W4414306293","https://openalex.org/W4414337600","https://openalex.org/W4414667981","https://openalex.org/W4414865853","https://openalex.org/W4415999076","https://openalex.org/W4417449073","https://openalex.org/W4417455868","https://openalex.org/W4417488549","https://openalex.org/W7117645459","https://openalex.org/W7118009049","https://openalex.org/W7124454677","https://openalex.org/W7128782554","https://openalex.org/W7162126909","https://openalex.org/W7206200061"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Syphilis":[0],"is":[1,65,69],"a":[2,19,36,138,164],"systemic":[3],"sexually":[4,52],"transmitted":[5,53],"infection":[6],"caused":[7],"by":[8,105],"Treponema":[9,97],"pallidum":[10,64,122,180],"subsp.":[11],"pallidum.":[12],"Despite":[13],"effective":[14],"penicillin-based":[15],"therapy,":[16],"it":[17],"remains":[18],"major":[20],"public":[21],"health":[22],"challenge":[23],"due":[24],"to":[25,62,175],"ongoing":[26],"transmission,":[27],"latent":[28],"infection,":[29],"congenital":[30],"disease,":[31],"and":[32,78,159,172,188,205],"the":[33,40,100,117,192],"lack":[34],"of":[35,42,57,128,196],"licensed":[37],"vaccine.":[38],"While":[39],"resurgence":[41],"bacteriophage":[43],"research":[44,200],"has":[45,91],"stimulated":[46],"interest":[47],"in":[48,95,185],"alternative":[49],"antimicrobials":[50],"for":[51,214],"infections,":[54],"direct":[55,178],"extrapolation":[56],"classical":[58],"lytic":[59,76],"phage":[60,212],"therapy":[61,213],"T.":[63,101,121,148,179],"premature.":[66],"This":[67,115,141],"pathogen":[68],"experimentally":[70],"demanding,":[71],"grows":[72],"slowly,":[73],"lacks":[74],"validated":[75],"phages,":[77],"possesses":[79],"an":[80],"unusual":[81],"outer":[82],"membrane":[83],"with":[84,133],"sparse":[85],"surface-exposed":[86],"targets.":[87],"However,":[88],"comparative":[89],"genomics":[90],"identified":[92],"prophage-like":[93],"elements":[94],"several":[96],"species,":[98],"while":[99],"pallidum-lineage":[102],"genomes":[103],"examined":[104],"Ridgway":[106],"et":[107],"al.":[108],"did":[109],"not":[110],"contain":[111],"detectable":[112],"prophage":[113,123,153],"regions.":[114],"shifts":[116],"rationale":[118],"from":[119,169],"endogenous":[120],"exploitation":[124],"toward":[125],"cautious":[126],"evaluation":[127],"heterologous":[129],"treponemal":[130],"phage-derived":[131,145],"modules,":[132,204],"cross-species":[134],"target":[135],"compatibility":[136],"as":[137],"central":[139],"requirement.":[140],"review":[142],"critically":[143],"evaluates":[144],"strategies":[146],"against":[147],"pallidum,":[149],"discussing":[150],"biological":[151],"barriers,":[152],"genomics,":[154],"candidate":[155,173],"modalities,":[156],"biosafety":[157],"filters,":[158],"regulatory":[160],"considerations.":[161],"We":[162],"propose":[163],"staged":[165],"translational":[166],"roadmap":[167],"progressing":[168],"evidence":[170],"appraisal":[171],"prioritization":[174],"biochemical":[176],"validation,":[177,187],"testing,":[181],"ex":[182],"vivo":[183,186],"assessment,":[184],"product-class-specific":[189],"development.":[190],"Currently,":[191],"most":[193],"credible":[194],"outputs":[195],"this":[197],"field":[198],"are":[199],"tools,":[201],"diagnostic":[202],"binding":[203],"early":[206],"antimicrobial":[207],"prototypes":[208],"rather":[209],"than":[210],"clinical":[211],"syphilis.":[215]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2026-11-12T00:00:00"}