{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225801934","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11225604/v1","title":"Effects of Artisanal Monazite and Cassiterite Mining in the Amazon on Uranium and Thorium Concentrations","display_name":"Effects of Artisanal Monazite and Cassiterite Mining in the Amazon on Uranium and Thorium Concentrations","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225801934","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11225604/v1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-11225604/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11225604/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11225604/v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11225604/v1","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037566198","display_name":"Maria Kalyane Farias da Silva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8506-8359","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8506-8359"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3130823459","display_name":"Universidade Federal Rural da Amaz\u00f4nia","ror":"https://ror.org/02j71c790","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3130823459"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Maria Kalyane Farias Silva","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidade Federal Rural da Amaz\u00f4nia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidade Federal Rural da Amaz\u00f4nia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3130823459"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091803208","display_name":"Edna Santos de Souza","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3707-8392","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3707-8392"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3129508524","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Sul e Sudeste do Par\u00e1","ror":"https://ror.org/01737f379","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3129508524"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edna Santos Souza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal University of Southern and Southeastern Par\u00e1"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Southern and Southeastern Par\u00e1","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3129508524"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037566198"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3130823459"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10946","display_name":"Radioactivity and Radon Measurements","score":0.9096999764442444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10946","display_name":"Radioactivity and Radon Measurements","score":0.9096999764442444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10139","display_name":"Heavy metals in environment","score":0.07119999825954437,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12157","display_name":"Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping","score":0.0019000000320374966,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1906","display_name":"Geochemistry and Petrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5166401","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1784525","display_name":"Tailings","level":2,"score":0.932699978351593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776212575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422011","display_name":"Monazite","level":3,"score":0.8102999925613403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779526359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191222","display_name":"Cassiterite","level":3,"score":0.7129999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527038400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1115","display_name":"Thorium","level":3,"score":0.6841999888420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555451288","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1098","display_name":"Uranium","level":2,"score":0.5946000218391418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112570922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60528603","display_name":"Contamination","level":2,"score":0.5799000263214111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5684000253677368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C521259446","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58734","display_name":"Pollution","level":2,"score":0.5527999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522964758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2019586","display_name":"Environmental remediation","level":3,"score":0.5527999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107872376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355","display_name":"Environmental chemistry","level":1,"score":0.4674000144004822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992394223","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q328381","display_name":"Uranium mining","level":3,"score":0.4339999854564667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535291247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177567","display_name":"Amazon rainforest","level":2,"score":0.4047999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16674752","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1370637","display_name":"Mining engineering","level":1,"score":0.3828999996185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779310815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5379521","display_name":"Enrichment factor","level":3,"score":0.3767000138759613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777201227","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q331224","display_name":"Overburden","level":2,"score":0.3686999976634979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65580899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212734","display_name":"Soil contamination","level":3,"score":0.3472999930381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35391346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1542864","display_name":"Uranium ore","level":3,"score":0.3463999927043915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777808281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104614","display_name":"Cinnabar","level":3,"score":0.3278999924659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158973077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192900","display_name":"Radionuclide","level":2,"score":0.32679998874664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909468537","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58734","display_name":"Environmental pollution","level":2,"score":0.3160000145435333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40724407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179177","display_name":"Weathering","level":2,"score":0.29350000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071389","display_name":"Gold mining","level":2,"score":0.28850001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.2777000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545943180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133","display_name":"Radon","level":2,"score":0.2728999853134155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25115569","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1995444","display_name":"Mineral processing","level":2,"score":0.2678999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992275118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q328381","display_name":"Uranium mine","level":3,"score":0.26660001277923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50516716","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q877107","display_name":"Soil test","level":3,"score":0.2603999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53657456","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184624","display_name":"Peat","level":2,"score":0.25040000677108765}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-11225604/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11225604/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11225604/v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-11225604/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11225604/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11225604/v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1972568665","https://openalex.org/W2093142558","https://openalex.org/W2108683992","https://openalex.org/W2180637001","https://openalex.org/W2969937307","https://openalex.org/W3036638739","https://openalex.org/W3118772132","https://openalex.org/W3132579455","https://openalex.org/W3133864156","https://openalex.org/W3156440030","https://openalex.org/W3175069198","https://openalex.org/W3183907223","https://openalex.org/W3199209610","https://openalex.org/W3199816321","https://openalex.org/W3206262099","https://openalex.org/W3214749320","https://openalex.org/W4206429919","https://openalex.org/W4212858066","https://openalex.org/W4282004480","https://openalex.org/W4293085775","https://openalex.org/W4293215926","https://openalex.org/W4308344205","https://openalex.org/W4313423973","https://openalex.org/W4313588790","https://openalex.org/W4313597765","https://openalex.org/W4321497642","https://openalex.org/W4322577030","https://openalex.org/W4361218651","https://openalex.org/W4367397446","https://openalex.org/W4376615779","https://openalex.org/W4381715320","https://openalex.org/W4385344451","https://openalex.org/W4385804178","https://openalex.org/W4386802392","https://openalex.org/W4390191453","https://openalex.org/W4391274852","https://openalex.org/W4391815642","https://openalex.org/W4392111534","https://openalex.org/W4400026789","https://openalex.org/W4400896196","https://openalex.org/W4401562504","https://openalex.org/W4401660743","https://openalex.org/W4402405926","https://openalex.org/W4404448177","https://openalex.org/W4410405756","https://openalex.org/W4410967879","https://openalex.org/W4411324925","https://openalex.org/W4412034480","https://openalex.org/W4412841558","https://openalex.org/W4412867490","https://openalex.org/W4413195195","https://openalex.org/W4415117935","https://openalex.org/W4416876916","https://openalex.org/W7123655044","https://openalex.org/W7133976648","https://openalex.org/W7155032619"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Artisanal":[1],"monazite":[2],"and":[3,10,22,36,39,45,50,78,86,93,112,122,127,210],"cassiterite":[4],"mining":[5,28,54,74,134,186,196,200],"can":[6],"alter":[7],"soil":[8,81],"properties":[9],"promote":[11],"the":[12,26,41,57,102,133,138,143,146,154,164,172,180,185,191,205],"accumulation":[13],"of":[14,59,193],"naturally":[15],"occurring":[16],"radionuclides,":[17],"such":[18],"as":[19,82,89,91,174],"uranium":[20],"(U)":[21],"thorium":[23],"(Th),":[24],"in":[25,48,56,132,137,142,184,195],"generated":[27],"residues.":[29],"This":[30],"study":[31],"aimed":[32],"to":[33,176],"quantify":[34],"U":[35,92,126],"Th":[37,94,128],"concentrations":[38,129],"assess":[40],"potential":[42],"for":[43,149,207],"contamination":[44,103],"ecological":[46],"risk":[47],"tailings":[49,144],"overburden":[51],"from":[52,69,145],"artisanal":[53],"areas":[55],"municipality":[58],"S\u00e3o":[60],"F\u00e9lix":[61],"do":[62],"Xingu,":[63],"Par\u00e1,":[64],"Brazil.":[65],"Samples":[66],"were":[67,96,130],"collected":[68],"seven":[70],"areas,":[71,77],"including":[72],"active":[73],"sites,":[75],"inactive":[76,148],"natural":[79],"forest":[80],"a":[83],"reference.":[84],"Chemical":[85],"particle-size":[87],"properties,":[88],"well":[90],"concentrations,":[95],"determined.":[97],"Contamination":[98],"was":[99],"assessed":[100],"using":[101],"factor":[104,107],"(CF),":[105],"enrichment":[106],"(EF),":[108],"geoaccumulation":[109],"index":[110,115],"(Igeo),":[111],"pollution":[113,183],"load":[114],"(PLI),":[116],"complemented":[117],"by":[118],"Spearman":[119],"correlation":[120],"analysis":[121],"principal":[123],"component":[124],"analysis.":[125],"higher":[131],"materials":[135,173],"than":[136],"reference":[139],"area,":[140],"particularly":[141],"area":[147],"10":[150],"years,":[151],"which":[152],"showed":[153],"highest":[155],"concentrations.":[156],"The":[157,169,188],"CF":[158],"values":[159],"indicated":[160,166,182],"moderate":[161],"contamination,":[162],"whereas":[163],"EF":[165],"minimal":[167],"enrichment.":[168],"Igeo":[170],"classified":[171],"unpolluted":[175],"slightly":[177],"polluted,":[178],"while":[179],"PLI":[181],"areas.":[187],"results":[189],"demonstrate":[190],"persistence":[192],"radionuclides":[194],"residues":[197],"even":[198],"after":[199],"activities":[201],"have":[202],"ceased,":[203],"reinforcing":[204],"need":[206],"environmental":[208],"monitoring":[209],"remediation":[211],"strategies.":[212]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2026-11-12T00:00:00"}