{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225801248","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1071/ma26042","title":"Encouraging the use of generative AI for closed-book test preparation: effects on student assessment performance and perceptions","display_name":"Encouraging the use of generative AI for closed-book test preparation: effects on student assessment performance and perceptions","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225801248","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1071/ma26042"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1071/ma26042","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1071/ma26042","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1071/ma26042","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764555716","display_name":"Microbiology Australia","issn_l":"1324-4272","issn":["1324-4272","2201-9189"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","poland-20","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320302","host_organization_name":"CSIRO Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320302"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["CSIRO Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Microbiology Australia","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1071/ma26042","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061567350","display_name":"Li Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7506-8278","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7506-8278"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","display_name":"UNSW Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences A , , , ","University of New South Wales A , , , "],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7506-8278","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences A , , , ","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of New South Wales A , , , ","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022808395","display_name":"Gee Chong Ling","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","display_name":"UNSW Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gee Chong Ling","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences A , , , ","University of New South Wales A , , , "],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4373-1105","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences A , , , ","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of New South Wales A , , , ","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100453052","display_name":"Fang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2779-6630","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2779-6630"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","display_name":"UNSW Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences A , , , ","University of New South Wales A , , , "],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2779-6630","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences A , , , ","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of New South Wales A , , , ","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14414","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Education","score":0.9814000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14414","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Education","score":0.9814000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.013500000350177288,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11902","display_name":"Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.713100016117096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6955999732017517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.6808000206947327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.486299991607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.4823000133037567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.4510999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019730874","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11272","display_name":"Microsoft excel","level":2,"score":0.29789999127388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.2745000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167966045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532625","display_name":"Generative model","level":3,"score":0.2734000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018023364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q425265","display_name":"Significant difference","level":2,"score":0.24629999697208405}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1071/ma26042","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1071/ma26042","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1071/ma26042","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764555716","display_name":"Microbiology Australia","issn_l":"1324-4272","issn":["1324-4272","2201-9189"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","poland-20","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320302","host_organization_name":"CSIRO Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320302"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["CSIRO Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Microbiology Australia","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1071/ma26042","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1071/ma26042","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1071/ma26042","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764555716","display_name":"Microbiology Australia","issn_l":"1324-4272","issn":["1324-4272","2201-9189"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","poland-20","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320302","host_organization_name":"CSIRO Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320302"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["CSIRO Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Microbiology Australia","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4323655724","https://openalex.org/W4383818129","https://openalex.org/W4384464487","https://openalex.org/W4410317321","https://openalex.org/W4410907159","https://openalex.org/W7134258138","https://openalex.org/W7162311485"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Generative":[0],"artificial":[1],"intelligence":[2],"(GenAI)":[3],"is":[4],"increasingly":[5],"being":[6],"used":[7,149],"by":[8],"university":[9],"students":[10,70,83,117,137,180],"to":[11,73,94],"support":[12,95,142],"learning.":[13,96],"However,":[14,151],"evidence":[15],"from":[16],"authentic":[17],"classroom":[18],"settings":[19],"examining":[20,88],"whether":[21],"GenAI-assisted":[22],"revision":[23,78,191],"influences":[24],"closed-book":[25,57,197],"assessment":[26,198],"performance":[27,46],"remains":[28],"limited.":[29],"This":[30],"study":[31],"evaluated":[32],"the":[33,50,129,182],"educational":[34,183],"use":[35,74,189],"of":[36,59,91,116,136,144,157,185],"Microsoft":[37],"Copilot":[38,75,93],"in":[39,68,103,121],"a":[40,113,123],"third-year":[41],"undergraduate":[42],"immunology":[43,158],"course.":[44],"Student":[45],"was":[47,126],"compared":[48],"between":[49,110],"2025":[51],"and":[52,62,165],"2026":[53],"cohorts":[54],"using":[55,92],"comparable":[56],"assessments":[58],"identical":[60],"format":[61],"similar":[63,124],"difficulty.":[64],"Before":[65],"Test":[66,81,104,107],"2":[67,108],"2026,":[69,122],"were":[71,101],"encouraged":[72],"during":[76,190],"structured":[77],"activities.":[79],"Following":[80],"2,":[82],"completed":[84],"an":[85],"anonymous":[86],"survey":[87],"their":[89],"perceptions":[90],"No":[97],"statistically":[98],"significant":[99],"differences":[100],"observed":[102],"1":[105],"or":[106,171],"marks":[109],"cohorts.":[111],"Although":[112],"higher":[114,119],"proportion":[115],"achieved":[118],"grades":[120],"trend":[125],"evident":[127],"before":[128],"intervention.":[130],"Survey":[131],"results":[132],"showed":[133],"that":[134,139,178],"78%":[135],"agreed":[138],"GenAI":[140],"could":[141],"learning":[143],"complex":[145],"scientific":[146],"concepts":[147],"when":[148],"appropriately.":[150],"only":[152],"53%":[153],"reported":[154,161],"improved":[155,162],"understanding":[156],"concepts,":[159],"39%":[160],"knowledge":[163],"recall,":[164],"71%":[166],"expressed":[167],"concerns":[168],"regarding":[169],"inaccurate":[170],"misleading":[172],"Copilot-generated":[173],"information.":[174],"These":[175],"findings":[176],"suggest":[177],"although":[179],"recognise":[181],"value":[184],"GenAI,":[186],"encouraging":[187],"its":[188],"alone":[192],"may":[193],"not":[194],"improve":[195],"subsequent":[196],"performance.":[199]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2026-11-12T00:00:00"}