{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225800479","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31224062","title":"A Review: Phytochemical Constituents, Pharmacological Properties and Processing Methods of Platycodon grandiflorum","display_name":"A Review: Phytochemical Constituents, Pharmacological Properties and Processing Methods of Platycodon grandiflorum","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225800479","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31224062"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/molecules31224062","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31224062","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31224062","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S108911230","display_name":"Molecules","issn_l":"1420-3049","issn":["1420-3049","1433-1373"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","medline","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Molecules","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31224062","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161433547","display_name":"Yingqi Liu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134738993","display_name":"Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/0523y5c19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134738993"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yingqi Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134738993"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138865447","display_name":"Xinxin Shi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134738993","display_name":"Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/0523y5c19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134738993"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinxin Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134738993"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161427983","display_name":"Yaoxuan Wang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134738993","display_name":"Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/0523y5c19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134738993"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yaoxuan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134738993"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161461754","display_name":"Yongqing Zhang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134738993","display_name":"Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/0523y5c19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134738993"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yongqing Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134738993"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019385162","display_name":"Zhongying Fang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1747-5841","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1747-5841"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134738993","display_name":"Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/0523y5c19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134738993"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhongying Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134738993"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5019385162","https://openalex.org/A5161461754"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134738993"],"apc_list":{"value":2700,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3258},"apc_paid":{"value":2700,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3258},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":"22","first_page":"4062","last_page":"4062"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11709","display_name":"Traditional Chinese Medicine Analysis","score":0.4984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2707","display_name":"Complementary and alternative medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11709","display_name":"Traditional Chinese Medicine Analysis","score":0.4984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2707","display_name":"Complementary and alternative medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11613","display_name":"Phytochemistry and Biological Activities","score":0.3774000108242035,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14521","display_name":"Medicinal Plant Research","score":0.06870000064373016,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195475562","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1639139","display_name":"Phytochemical","level":2,"score":0.7281000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556039675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q771035","display_name":"Traditional medicine","level":1,"score":0.5270000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018122547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5690813","display_name":"Health benefits","level":2,"score":0.33660000562667847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.334199994802475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3325999975204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779396153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901227","display_name":"Natural product","level":2,"score":0.32899999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.30570000410079956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.2953999936580658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150903083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7108","display_name":"Biotechnology","level":1,"score":0.2476000040769577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183696295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2487696","display_name":"Biochemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2379000037908554}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/molecules31224062","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31224062","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31224062","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S108911230","display_name":"Molecules","issn_l":"1420-3049","issn":["1420-3049","1433-1373"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","medline","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Molecules","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/molecules31224062","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31224062","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31224062","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S108911230","display_name":"Molecules","issn_l":"1420-3049","issn":["1420-3049","1433-1373"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","medline","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Molecules","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":95,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1510784302","https://openalex.org/W1927242641","https://openalex.org/W1965145037","https://openalex.org/W1966662013","https://openalex.org/W1967011107","https://openalex.org/W1970170787","https://openalex.org/W1973987061","https://openalex.org/W1974568085","https://openalex.org/W1977738996","https://openalex.org/W1981534201","https://openalex.org/W1987102668","https://openalex.org/W1989007952","https://openalex.org/W1989631733","https://openalex.org/W1989919965","https://openalex.org/W1991125047","https://openalex.org/W1992107139","https://openalex.org/W1993399844","https://openalex.org/W1994079793","https://openalex.org/W2007144697","https://openalex.org/W2011993185","https://openalex.org/W2012041649","https://openalex.org/W2016615974","https://openalex.org/W2029870124","https://openalex.org/W2034982232","https://openalex.org/W2038493299","https://openalex.org/W2049610815","https://openalex.org/W2051332965","https://openalex.org/W2060586754","https://openalex.org/W2063704244","https://openalex.org/W2064334339","https://openalex.org/W2071081582","https://openalex.org/W2077150277","https://openalex.org/W2079943521","https://openalex.org/W2082770442","https://openalex.org/W2084033070","https://openalex.org/W2085526048","https://openalex.org/W2085924828","https://openalex.org/W2088140593","https://openalex.org/W2089482846","https://openalex.org/W2091454952","https://openalex.org/W2093783210","https://openalex.org/W2111931699","https://openalex.org/W2125046930","https://openalex.org/W2127648938","https://openalex.org/W2128108332","https://openalex.org/W2137169356","https://openalex.org/W2138335116","https://openalex.org/W2316702297","https://openalex.org/W2430447859","https://openalex.org/W2543624270","https://openalex.org/W2611436409","https://openalex.org/W2623767723","https://openalex.org/W2767882384","https://openalex.org/W2769190073","https://openalex.org/W2784095310","https://openalex.org/W2794581290","https://openalex.org/W2811041689","https://openalex.org/W2883315376","https://openalex.org/W2884502269","https://openalex.org/W2960067560","https://openalex.org/W2979937158","https://openalex.org/W2981699478","https://openalex.org/W2984247724","https://openalex.org/W2990013351","https://openalex.org/W3003848496","https://openalex.org/W3038938991","https://openalex.org/W3046565112","https://openalex.org/W3084548162","https://openalex.org/W3097568259","https://openalex.org/W3113643648","https://openalex.org/W3128317373","https://openalex.org/W3132091965","https://openalex.org/W3137396159","https://openalex.org/W3171791043","https://openalex.org/W4205668175","https://openalex.org/W4293569748","https://openalex.org/W4307635544","https://openalex.org/W4310782295","https://openalex.org/W4311004843","https://openalex.org/W4318046781","https://openalex.org/W4322753299","https://openalex.org/W4323316464","https://openalex.org/W4362665601","https://openalex.org/W4365148160","https://openalex.org/W4366134215","https://openalex.org/W4380869664","https://openalex.org/W4386224010","https://openalex.org/W4390477179","https://openalex.org/W4398250771","https://openalex.org/W4403038115","https://openalex.org/W4405865874","https://openalex.org/W4409015124","https://openalex.org/W4409149785","https://openalex.org/W4409987900","https://openalex.org/W4415597179"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Platycodon":[0],"grandiflorum":[1],"(PG),":[2],"a":[3,169],"quintessential":[4],"medicinal":[5],"and":[6,28,51,55,61,82,98,113,133,153,163,179],"edible":[7],"plant":[8],"in":[9,70,107],"Traditional":[10],"Chinese":[11],"Medicine,":[12],"has":[13,146],"been":[14],"extensively":[15],"utilized":[16],"for":[17,173],"millennia":[18],"to":[19,38,128],"treat":[20],"respiratory":[21],"system":[22],"diseases,":[23],"including":[24],"cough,":[25],"excessive":[26],"phlegm,":[27],"sore":[29],"throat.":[30],"This":[31],"review":[32,118,167],"systematically":[33],"synthesizes":[34],"the":[35,120,141,174],"current":[36],"literature":[37],"provide":[39],"an":[40],"updated":[41],"overview":[42],"of":[43,124,144,183],"PG,":[44,71,125],"focusing":[45],"specifically":[46],"on":[47],"its":[48,90,130,158],"botanical":[49],"characterization":[50],"distribution,":[52],"traditional":[53,91,121,139],"uses":[54],"ethnopharmacology,":[56],"processing":[57,122,161],"methods,":[58,162],"phytochemistry,":[59],"pharmacology,":[60],"application.":[62],"Phytochemical":[63],"investigations":[64],"have":[65,88],"identified":[66],"diverse":[67],"bioactive":[68],"constituents":[69],"predominantly":[72],"saponins,":[73],"flavonoids,":[74],"phenolic":[75],"acids,":[76],"polyacetylenes,":[77],"sterols,":[78],"polysaccharides,":[79],"volatile":[80],"oils,":[81],"fatty":[83],"acids.":[84],"Modern":[85],"pharmacological":[86,164],"studies":[87],"demonstrated":[89],"efficacies,":[92,165],"revealing":[93],"potent":[94],"antitussive,":[95],"expectorant,":[96],"anti-inflammatory,":[97],"immunomodulatory":[99],"properties.":[100],"Furthermore,":[101],"PG":[102,145],"exhibits":[103],"emerging":[104],"therapeutic":[105],"potential":[106,135,143],"antitumor,":[108],"antioxidant,":[109],"anti-obesity,":[110],"anti-diabetic,":[111],"hepatoprotective,":[112],"cardiovascular-protective":[114],"applications.":[115],"Crucially,":[116],"this":[117,166],"highlights":[119],"methods":[123],"which":[126],"serve":[127],"optimize":[129],"lung-meridian":[131],"tropism":[132],"mitigate":[134],"gastrointestinal":[136],"irritation.":[137],"Beyond":[138],"therapeutics,":[140],"translational":[142],"expanded":[147],"into":[148],"functional":[149],"foods,":[150],"nutraceuticals,":[151],"cosmetics,":[152],"horticulture.":[154],"Ultimately,":[155],"by":[156],"evaluating":[157],"chemical":[159],"composition,":[160],"establishes":[168],"robust":[170],"theoretical":[171],"foundation":[172],"future":[175],"modernization,":[176],"quality":[177],"standardization,":[178],"innovative":[180],"product":[181],"development":[182],"PG.":[184]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2026-11-12T00:00:00"}
