{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225798956","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/clinpract16110212","title":"A Real-Time Standalone Artificial Intelligence System Outside the Picture Archiving and Communication System for Detecting Brain Metastases Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Feasibility Study","display_name":"A Real-Time Standalone Artificial Intelligence System Outside the Picture Archiving and Communication System for Detecting Brain Metastases Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Feasibility Study","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225798956","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/clinpract16110212"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/clinpract16110212","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/clinpract16110212","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/clinpract16110212","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764444712","display_name":"Clinics and Practice","issn_l":"2039-7283","issn":["2039-7283","2039-7275"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319913","host_organization_name":"PAGEPress (Italy)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319913"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["PAGEPress (Italy)"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinics and Practice","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/clinpract16110212","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161444581","display_name":"Kazuyoshi Suzuki","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1314466530","display_name":"Tokai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01p7qe739","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1314466530"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115139","display_name":"Tokai University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01gvmn480","country_code":"JP","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115139"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kazuyoshi Suzuki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara 259-1193, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara 259-1193, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1314466530","https://openalex.org/I4210115139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084191108","display_name":"Tetsu Niwa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2861-0057","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2861-0057"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1314466530","display_name":"Tokai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01p7qe739","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1314466530"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115139","display_name":"Tokai University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01gvmn480","country_code":"JP","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115139"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tetsu Niwa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara 259-1193, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2861-0057","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara 259-1193, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1314466530","https://openalex.org/I4210115139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161484255","display_name":"Xuyang Sun","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1314466530","display_name":"Tokai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01p7qe739","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1314466530"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115139","display_name":"Tokai University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01gvmn480","country_code":"JP","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115139"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405256575","display_name":"AIC Yaesu Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/04agvdf86","country_code":"JP","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405256575"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuyang Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["AIC Yaesu Clinic, Tokyo 103-0027, Japan","Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara 259-1193, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AIC Yaesu Clinic, Tokyo 103-0027, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405256575"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara 259-1193, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1314466530","https://openalex.org/I4210115139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068665957","display_name":"Hiroki Kobayashi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7892-4674","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7892-4674"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1314466530","display_name":"Tokai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01p7qe739","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1314466530"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115139","display_name":"Tokai University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01gvmn480","country_code":"JP","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115139"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405283918","display_name":"National Hospital Organization Yokohama Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02h7rhs19","country_code":"JP","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210137409","https://openalex.org/I4405283918"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hiroki Kobayashi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara 259-1193, Japan","Department of Radiology, National Hospital Organization Yokohama Medical Center, Yokohama 245-8575, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara 259-1193, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1314466530","https://openalex.org/I4210115139"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, National Hospital Organization Yokohama Medical Center, Yokohama 245-8575, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405283918"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032243555","display_name":"Takashi Okazaki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7933-7049","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7933-7049"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1314466530","display_name":"Tokai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01p7qe739","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1314466530"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115139","display_name":"Tokai University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01gvmn480","country_code":"JP","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115139"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Takashi Okazaki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara 259-1193, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara 259-1193, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1314466530","https://openalex.org/I4210115139"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5084191108"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1314466530","https://openalex.org/I4210115139"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1930},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1930},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"11","first_page":"212","last_page":"212"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.5439000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.5439000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":0.20090000331401825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11600","display_name":"Brain Metastases and Treatment","score":0.13040000200271606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780008327","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3962","display_name":"Laptop","level":2,"score":0.8246999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6474999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6256999969482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5009999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143409427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161238","display_name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","level":2,"score":0.4645000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.4034000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.3723999857902527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.35899999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.34529998898506165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31601959","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q931309","display_name":"Medical imaging","level":2,"score":0.33489999175071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163985040","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172399","display_name":"Data acquisition","level":2,"score":0.32409998774528503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.32330000400543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101765175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q577764","display_name":"Communications system","level":2,"score":0.31439998745918274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10795825","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061052","display_name":"Picture archiving and communication system","level":2,"score":0.31130000948905945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95922358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5432725","display_name":"False positive rate","level":2,"score":0.2971000075340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.262800008058548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46686674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466303","display_name":"Boosting (machine learning)","level":2,"score":0.2542000114917755}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/clinpract16110212","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/clinpract16110212","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/clinpract16110212","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764444712","display_name":"Clinics and Practice","issn_l":"2039-7283","issn":["2039-7283","2039-7275"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319913","host_organization_name":"PAGEPress (Italy)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319913"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["PAGEPress (Italy)"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinics and Practice","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/clinpract16110212","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/clinpract16110212","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/clinpract16110212","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764444712","display_name":"Clinics and Practice","issn_l":"2039-7283","issn":["2039-7283","2039-7275"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319913","host_organization_name":"PAGEPress (Italy)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319913"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["PAGEPress (Italy)"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinics and Practice","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W104290114","https://openalex.org/W1978575247","https://openalex.org/W1980240684","https://openalex.org/W2121960517","https://openalex.org/W2127199535","https://openalex.org/W2164777277","https://openalex.org/W2908201961","https://openalex.org/W2963446989","https://openalex.org/W2965102340","https://openalex.org/W3093114238","https://openalex.org/W3136527726","https://openalex.org/W4205405372","https://openalex.org/W4223974852","https://openalex.org/W4226312557","https://openalex.org/W4313584274","https://openalex.org/W4327742964","https://openalex.org/W4396730518","https://openalex.org/W4396828329","https://openalex.org/W4400599611","https://openalex.org/W4401117502","https://openalex.org/W4404393866","https://openalex.org/W4405642953","https://openalex.org/W4407759488","https://openalex.org/W4407881456","https://openalex.org/W4410289560","https://openalex.org/W4411606237","https://openalex.org/W4413258373","https://openalex.org/W4415748779","https://openalex.org/W7123697653","https://openalex.org/W7123703740","https://openalex.org/W7168152607"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background/Objectives:":[0],"Small":[1],"brain":[2],"metastases":[3],"on":[4,88],"magnetic":[5],"resonance":[6],"(MR)":[7],"imaging":[8],"can":[9],"be":[10],"overlooked,":[11],"necessitating":[12],"careful":[13],"and":[14,37,63,70,110,149,158,164,176,191,244],"time-consuming":[15],"inspection.":[16],"We":[17],"evaluated":[18],"the":[19,34,130,146,153,172,185,199,203,211],"feasibility":[20,243],"of":[21,129],"a":[22,41,89,99,105,108,111,114],"real-time":[23,247],"standalone":[24,222],"artificial":[25],"intelligence":[26],"(AI)":[27],"system":[28,39],"for":[29,75,91,120,145,171,184,202,210,246],"detecting":[30],"lesions":[31],"operating":[32],"outside":[33],"picture":[35],"archiving":[36],"communication":[38],"with":[40,78,127],"low":[42,236],"implementation":[43,237],"barrier.":[44],"Methods:":[45],"In":[46],"this":[47],"retrospective":[48],"study,":[49],"212":[50],"cases":[51],"were":[52,73,125,160],"divided":[53],"into":[54],"training":[55],"(n":[56,60,65],"=":[57,61,66],"149),":[58],"validation":[59,71],"32),":[62],"testing":[64],"31)":[67],"datasets.":[68],"Training":[69],"datasets":[72],"used":[74],"deep":[76],"learning":[77],"You":[79],"Only":[80],"Look":[81],"Once":[82],"11x.":[83],"AI":[84,142,168,223],"detection":[85,136,143,169,200,224],"was":[86,205],"performed":[87],"laptop":[90],"test":[92],"images":[93,148,187,213],"imported":[94],"from":[95,182],"non-embedded":[96],"devices,":[97],"including":[98],"video":[100,154,173,230],"capture":[101,155,174,231],"card":[102,175],"connected":[103],"via":[104,152],"monitor":[106],"cable,":[107],"webcam,":[109],"smartphone":[112,159,204],"using":[113,226],"wireless":[115],"streaming":[116],"system.":[117],"Detection":[118],"rates":[119,137,144],"these":[121],"image":[122],"acquisition":[123],"methods":[124],"compared":[126],"those":[128,150],"original":[131,147,186,212],"images.":[132],"Results:":[133],"All":[134],"reported":[135],"are":[138],"lesion-level":[139],"evaluations.":[140],"The":[141,167],"acquired":[151],"card,":[156],"webcam":[157,177],"91.2%,":[161],"91.0%,":[162],"89.5%,":[163],"79.6%,":[165],"respectively.":[166],"rate":[170,201],"did":[178],"not":[179],"differ":[180],"significantly":[181,206],"that":[183,209],"(mean":[188,214],"difference,":[189,215],"\u22120.19%":[190],"\u22121.84%,":[192],"respectively;":[193],"both":[194],"p-values":[195],">":[196],"0.05),":[197],"whereas":[198],"lower":[207],"than":[208],"\u221211.58%;":[216],"p-value":[217],"<":[218],"0.0001).":[219],"Conclusions:":[220],"Real-time":[221],"systems":[225],"devices":[227],"such":[228],"as":[229],"cards":[232],"or":[233],"webcams":[234],"offer":[235],"barriers.":[238],"These":[239],"findings":[240],"demonstrate":[241],"technical":[242],"potential":[245],"diagnostic":[248],"assistance.":[249]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2026-11-12T00:00:00"}