{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225798807","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11495904/v1","title":"Mild COVID-19 presentations in unexposed individuals favour development of long-lived immune responses to SARS-CoV-2","display_name":"Mild COVID-19 presentations in unexposed individuals favour development of long-lived immune responses to SARS-CoV-2","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225798807","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11495904/v1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-11495904/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11495904/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11495904/v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11495904/v1","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066013731","display_name":"Danielle I. Stanisic","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3908-7468","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3908-7468"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11701301","display_name":"Griffith University","ror":"https://ror.org/02sc3r913","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11701301"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Danielle I. Stanisic","raw_affiliation_strings":["Griffith University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Griffith University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11701301"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029262161","display_name":"Lisa J. Ioannidis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1287-7347","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1287-7347"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165779595","display_name":"The University of Melbourne","ror":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lisa J. Ioannidis","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Melbourne"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Melbourne","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080895379","display_name":"Stephanie I. Studniberg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9452-4977","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9452-4977"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56590836","display_name":"Monash University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bfwt286","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephanie I. Studniberg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Monash University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Monash University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085638443","display_name":"Mariam Bafit","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56590836","display_name":"Monash University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bfwt286","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mariam Bafit","raw_affiliation_strings":["Monash University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Monash University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072960341","display_name":"Victoria Ozberk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1132-5413","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1132-5413"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11701301","display_name":"Griffith University","ror":"https://ror.org/02sc3r913","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11701301"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Victoria Ozberk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Griffith University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Griffith University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11701301"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020855075","display_name":"Ailin Lepletier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1371-7313","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1371-7313"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11701301","display_name":"Griffith University","ror":"https://ror.org/02sc3r913","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11701301"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ailin Lepletier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Griffith University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Griffith University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11701301"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054101870","display_name":"Mei\u2010Fong Ho","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5958-4942","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5958-4942"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11701301","display_name":"Griffith University","ror":"https://ror.org/02sc3r913","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11701301"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mei-Fong Ho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Griffith University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Griffith University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11701301"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110262166","display_name":"Mark Burgess","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11701301","display_name":"Griffith University","ror":"https://ror.org/02sc3r913","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11701301"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark Burgess","raw_affiliation_strings":["Griffith University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Griffith University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11701301"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079660660","display_name":"John G. Gerrard","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800155786","display_name":"Gold Coast Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05eq01d13","country_code":"AU","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1302211766","https://openalex.org/I2800155786","https://openalex.org/I2801244131"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151437","display_name":"Gold Coast Health","ror":"https://ror.org/04zt8gw89","country_code":"AU","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151437"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Gerrard","raw_affiliation_strings":["Gold Coast Hospital"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Gold Coast Hospital","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800155786","https://openalex.org/I4210151437"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161419327","display_name":"James Williams","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800155786","display_name":"Gold Coast Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05eq01d13","country_code":"AU","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1302211766","https://openalex.org/I2800155786","https://openalex.org/I2801244131"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151437","display_name":"Gold Coast Health","ror":"https://ror.org/04zt8gw89","country_code":"AU","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151437"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James Williams","raw_affiliation_strings":["Gold Coast Hospital"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Gold Coast Hospital","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800155786","https://openalex.org/I4210151437"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081195826","display_name":"Laetitia Hattingh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4553-743X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4553-743X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800155786","display_name":"Gold Coast Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05eq01d13","country_code":"AU","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1302211766","https://openalex.org/I2800155786","https://openalex.org/I2801244131"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151437","display_name":"Gold Coast Health","ror":"https://ror.org/04zt8gw89","country_code":"AU","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151437"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laetitia Hattingh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Gold Coast Hospital"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Gold Coast Hospital","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800155786","https://openalex.org/I4210151437"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052305148","display_name":"Manisha Pandey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4151-699X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4151-699X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800155786","display_name":"Gold Coast Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05eq01d13","country_code":"AU","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1302211766","https://openalex.org/I2800155786","https://openalex.org/I2801244131"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151437","display_name":"Gold Coast Health","ror":"https://ror.org/04zt8gw89","country_code":"AU","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151437"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manisha Pandey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Gold Coast Hospital"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Gold Coast Hospital","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800155786","https://openalex.org/I4210151437"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035536310","display_name":"Michael F. Good","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8212-248X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8212-248X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11701301","display_name":"Griffith University","ror":"https://ror.org/02sc3r913","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11701301"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael F. Good","raw_affiliation_strings":["Griffith University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Griffith University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11701301"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060556144","display_name":"Diana S. Hansen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4511-7918","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4511-7918"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56590836","display_name":"Monash University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bfwt286","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Diana S. Hansen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Monash University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Monash University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10118","display_name":"SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research","score":0.9785000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10118","display_name":"SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research","score":0.9785000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10041","display_name":"COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies","score":0.013899999670684338,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13410","display_name":"Immune responses and vaccinations","score":0.002300000051036477,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.7753000259399414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7297999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.6805999875068665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778015335","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17051163","display_name":"Mass cytometry","level":4,"score":0.6471999883651733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777910003","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1707292","display_name":"Asymptomatic","level":2,"score":0.5120999813079834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72563966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1303415","display_name":"Cohort","level":2,"score":0.44609999656677246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780648854","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2745824","display_name":"Immunopathology","level":2,"score":0.43939998745918274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.4284000098705292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137061746","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736033","display_name":"Peripheral blood mononuclear cell","level":3,"score":0.42170000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167672396","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q417800","display_name":"CD8","level":3,"score":0.38530001044273376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780194698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6005429","display_name":"Immune dysregulation","level":3,"score":0.3849000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777805810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1047559","display_name":"Hypogammaglobulinemia","level":3,"score":0.36890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779559532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1076369","display_name":"Cytokine storm","level":5,"score":0.36480000615119934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779802037","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40878","display_name":"Diarrhea","level":2,"score":0.3215999901294708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776090121","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193529","display_name":"T cell","level":3,"score":0.31929999589920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778690821","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212354","display_name":"Cytokine","level":2,"score":0.3165999948978424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201903717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1778788","display_name":"Cohort study","level":2,"score":0.3037000000476837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777648638","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57751738","display_name":"Coronavirus","level":5,"score":0.29420000314712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779053233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q731235","display_name":"ELISPOT","level":4,"score":0.2842999994754791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780850621","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3961647","display_name":"Cytokine release syndrome","level":5,"score":0.2711000144481659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C553184892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1141429","display_name":"Flow cytometry","level":2,"score":0.2612000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193419808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1645075","display_name":"Acquired immune system","level":3,"score":0.25780001282691956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196166836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q902926","display_name":"Immunophenotyping","level":3,"score":0.2529999911785126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535046627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30612","display_name":"Clinical trial","level":2,"score":0.25029999017715454}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-11495904/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11495904/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11495904/v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-11495904/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11495904/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11495904/v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1982729887","https://openalex.org/W1993835819","https://openalex.org/W2038426170","https://openalex.org/W2113847305","https://openalex.org/W2143451223","https://openalex.org/W2904547055","https://openalex.org/W2914668666","https://openalex.org/W2924556354","https://openalex.org/W2946450286","https://openalex.org/W3017447724","https://openalex.org/W3022435472","https://openalex.org/W3025320502","https://openalex.org/W3041319886","https://openalex.org/W3041502662","https://openalex.org/W3047880178","https://openalex.org/W3113366859","https://openalex.org/W3121447856","https://openalex.org/W3135880646","https://openalex.org/W3172855121","https://openalex.org/W3177904344","https://openalex.org/W4225586016","https://openalex.org/W4283756431","https://openalex.org/W4286462113","https://openalex.org/W4311114023","https://openalex.org/W4318472612","https://openalex.org/W4323853724","https://openalex.org/W4375859102","https://openalex.org/W4380758806","https://openalex.org/W4385977967","https://openalex.org/W4392544641","https://openalex.org/W4394872329","https://openalex.org/W4400163552","https://openalex.org/W7131666087"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Background":[1],"Coronavirus":[2],"disease":[3,113],"2019":[4,13],"(COVID-19),":[5],"originally":[6],"reported":[7],"in":[8,11,20,161,163,174,178,184,240,252],"Wuhan,":[9],"China":[10],"December":[12],"rapidly":[14],"spread":[15],"throughout":[16],"the":[17,38,116,121,125,182,241,262],"world":[18],"resulting":[19],"a":[21,55,135,157],"global":[22],"pandemic":[23],"from":[24,42,156],"March":[25],"2020.":[26,164],"Caused":[27],"by":[28,169,196],"infection":[29],"with":[30,54,198,217],"severe":[31,45,103],"acute":[32],"respiratory":[33],"syndrome":[34],"coronavirus":[35],"2":[36],"(SARS-CoV-2),":[37],"clinical":[39,59],"spectrum":[40],"ranges":[41],"asymptomatic":[43],"to":[44,83,86,102,124,176,267,270,272],"and":[46,74,90,144,224],"fatal":[47],"disease.":[48],"Most":[49],"patients":[50,185,197],"experience":[51],"uncomplicated":[52,112],"disease,":[53],"wide":[56],"range":[57],"of":[58,120,150,243,264],"presentations":[60,114,259],"including,":[61],"headache,":[62],"fever,":[63],"cough,":[64],"dyspnea,":[65],"sore":[66],"throat,":[67],"fatigue,":[68],"asnomia,":[69],"myalgia,":[70],"abdominal":[71],"pain,":[72],"diarrhea":[73],"nausea.":[75],"It":[76],"is":[77,107],"well":[78],"documented":[79],"that":[80,251],"immune":[81,88,99,122],"responses":[82,100,146,234],"SARS-CoV-2":[84,148],"contribute":[85,271],"both":[87],"protection":[89,273],"pathogenesis.":[91],"Although":[92],"much":[93,105],"useful":[94],"research":[95],"has":[96],"focussed":[97],"on":[98,109],"predisposing":[101],"COVID-19,":[104],"less":[106],"known":[108],"whether":[110],"diverse":[111],"influence":[115],"quality":[117],"and/or":[118],"magnitude":[119],"response":[123,175],"virus.":[126],"Methods":[127],"To":[128],"address":[129],"this":[130],"knowledge":[131],"gap,":[132],"we":[133],"pursued":[134],"systems":[136],"immunology":[137],"approach":[138],"integrating":[139],"high":[140],"dimensional":[141],"mass":[142,170],"cytometry":[143,171],"cytokine":[145],"after":[147],"re-stimulation":[149],"peripheral":[151],"blood":[152],"mononuclear":[153],"cells":[154,223],"(PBMC)":[155],"retrospective":[158],"study":[159],"conducted":[160],"Australia":[162],"Results":[165],"Cell":[166,193],"populations":[167,194],"identified":[168],"significantly":[172],"expanding":[173],"spike-protein":[177],"vitro":[179],"stimulation":[180],"segregated":[181],"cohort":[183],"having":[186],"\u2265":[187],"4":[188],"or":[189],"\u2264":[190],"3":[191,202],"symptoms.":[192],"featured":[195],"no":[199],"more":[200],"than":[201],"symptoms":[203],"included":[204],"CCR7":[205],"+":[206,219],"T":[207,210,213],"H2":[208,211],"cells,":[209,215],"-polarised":[212],"FH":[214],"along":[216],"IgM":[218],"classical":[220,230],"memory":[221],"B":[222],"CXCR3":[225],"low":[226,229],",":[227],"CD10":[228],"monocytes.":[231],"Notably,":[232],"these":[233],"persisted":[235],"for":[236],"6":[237],"months":[238],"post-exposure,":[239],"absence":[242],"new":[244],"infections.":[245],"Conclusions":[246],"Together,":[247],"our":[248],"results":[249],"suggest":[250],"previously":[253],"COVID-19":[254,258],"na\u00efve":[255],"individuals,":[256],"mild":[257],"might":[260],"support":[261],"development":[263],"long-lasting":[265],"immunity":[266],"SARS-CoV-2,":[268],"able":[269],"during":[274],"re-infection.":[275]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2026-11-12T00:00:00"}