{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225790334","doi":"https://doi.org/10.56201/ijgem.v10.no10.2024.pg1.29","title":"Environmental and Public Health Implications of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Pollution in Surface Waters and Sediments of Lower Orashi and Sombriero River Systems of Niger Delta; Nigeria","display_name":"Environmental and Public Health Implications of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Pollution in Surface Waters and Sediments of Lower Orashi and Sombriero River Systems of Niger Delta; Nigeria","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225790334","doi":"https://doi.org/10.56201/ijgem.v10.no10.2024.pg1.29"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.56201/ijgem.v10.no10.2024.pg1.29","doi":"https://doi.org/10.56201/ijgem.v10.no10.2024.pg1.29","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.56201/ijgem.v10.no10.2024.pg1.29","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387282486","display_name":"IIARD INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEOGRAPHY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT","issn_l":"2504-8821","issn":["2504-8821","2695-1878"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IIARD INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEOGRAPHY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030575953","display_name":"Christian Livingstone Otiasah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0132-4053","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0132-4053"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100116408","display_name":"University of Port Harcourt","ror":"https://ror.org/005bw2d06","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100116408"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Christian Livingstone Otiasah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography and Environmental Management, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, P. M. B 4323, University Park, Abuja, Port Harcourt, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography and Environmental Management, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, P. M. B 4323, University Park, Abuja, Port Harcourt, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100116408"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5030575953"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100116408"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"1"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10122","display_name":"Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact","score":0.9423999786376953,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10122","display_name":"Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact","score":0.9423999786376953,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10447","display_name":"Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology","score":0.016599999740719795,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12316","display_name":"Oil Spill Detection and Mitigation","score":0.01080000028014183,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.7386000156402588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C521259446","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58734","display_name":"Pollution","level":2,"score":0.6207000017166138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2816523","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180184","display_name":"Sediment","level":2,"score":0.5659999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82685317","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19829510","display_name":"Pollutant","level":2,"score":0.5315999984741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107872376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355","display_name":"Environmental chemistry","level":1,"score":0.5056999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175327387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3289906","display_name":"Aquatic ecosystem","level":2,"score":0.474700003862381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90195498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183129","display_name":"Water pollution","level":2,"score":0.46619999408721924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112570922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60528603","display_name":"Contamination","level":2,"score":0.4487999975681305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548895740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22656","display_name":"Petroleum","level":2,"score":0.4487999975681305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539469273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1749732","display_name":"Environmental monitoring","level":2,"score":0.4348999857902527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8625798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752112","display_name":"Surface water","level":2,"score":0.3970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780492012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058325","display_name":"Marine pollution","level":3,"score":0.375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176585087","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864438","display_name":"Bioindicator","level":2,"score":0.36419999599456787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526734887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q832237","display_name":"Environmental protection","level":1,"score":0.3481999933719635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88160329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47053","display_name":"Estuary","level":2,"score":0.34769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132215390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461335","display_name":"Abiotic component","level":2,"score":0.34150001406669617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130217890","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47041","display_name":"Biodiversity","level":2,"score":0.33079999685287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185933670","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52105","display_name":"Habitat","level":2,"score":0.31220000982284546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780797713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q625376","display_name":"Water quality","level":2,"score":0.31119999289512634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776608160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785462","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.3061000108718872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197248824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184395","display_name":"Seawater","level":2,"score":0.302700012922287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204207459","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33837","display_name":"Archipelago","level":2,"score":0.29120001196861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20309002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12353044","display_name":"Oil refinery","level":2,"score":0.2888000011444092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87717796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146326","display_name":"Environmental engineering","level":1,"score":0.2818000018596649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158787203","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900291","display_name":"Total organic carbon","level":2,"score":0.2761000096797943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76886044","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2883300","display_name":"Hydrology (agriculture)","level":2,"score":0.2741999924182892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909468537","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58734","display_name":"Environmental pollution","level":2,"score":0.27070000767707825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174580923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q421069","display_name":"Intertidal zone","level":2,"score":0.2700999975204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776044436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q912951","display_name":"Persistent organic pollutant","level":3,"score":0.2696000039577484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134037308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6764288","display_name":"Marine habitats","level":3,"score":0.25529998540878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94061648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336191","display_name":"Wastewater","level":2,"score":0.25029999017715454}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.56201/ijgem.v10.no10.2024.pg1.29","doi":"https://doi.org/10.56201/ijgem.v10.no10.2024.pg1.29","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.56201/ijgem.v10.no10.2024.pg1.29","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387282486","display_name":"IIARD INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEOGRAPHY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT","issn_l":"2504-8821","issn":["2504-8821","2695-1878"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IIARD INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEOGRAPHY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"River":[0,152],"waters":[1,68,137,258],"and":[2,14,19,28,64,69,82,97,104,117,124,131,138,150,174,183,188,259,277,297,302,308],"sediments":[3,71,140,260],"of":[4,24,40,72,90,121,127,133,141,161,199,210,224,232,295,304],"the":[5,37,47,73,100,115,136,142,159,222,238,244,253,256,266,283,305],"marine":[6,74,91,128,267],"ecological":[7,92,129],"systems":[8],"are":[9,56,269],"habitats":[10],"to":[11,113,157,286],"diverse":[12],"species":[13],"biodiversity":[15],"for":[16,36,197,208,221,275],"their":[17,200],"position":[18],"complexities":[20],"as":[21,59],"major":[22,88],"recipient":[23],"pollutants":[25],"from":[26,79],"natural":[27,48],"anthropogenic":[29],"sources.":[30],"Polycyclic":[31],"Aromatic":[32],"Hydrocarbons":[33],"(PAHs)":[34],"account":[35],"abiotic":[38],"synthesis":[39],"materials":[41],"resulting":[42],"in":[43,46,66,99,110,135,194,243,252],"carbon-based":[44],"pollutions":[45,93],"environment":[49],"at":[50,261],"elevated":[51],"concentrations.":[52],"These":[53],"ecotoxic":[54],"stressors":[55],"oftentimes":[57],"bequeathed":[58],"legacies":[60],"with":[61,271,291],"increasing":[62],"potencies":[63],"reactivity":[65],"surface":[67,257],"bottom":[70,139],"environment.":[75],"Crude":[76],"oil":[77],"spills":[78],"hydrocarbon":[80],"exploration":[81],"illicit":[83],"artisanal":[84],"refineries":[85],"have":[86],"become":[87],"cause":[89],"affecting":[94],"aquatic":[95,279],"life":[96],"humans":[98],"Niger":[101,309],"Delta.":[102],"Descriptive":[103],"comparative":[105],"statistics":[106],"designs":[107],"were":[108,177,206],"adopted":[109,207],"this":[111],"study":[112,165,227,245,306],"evaluate":[114],"environmental":[116,300],"public":[118],"health":[119,288],"implications":[120],"seasonal":[122],"(dry":[123],"wet/rainy)":[125],"levels":[126],"bioavailability":[130],"characteristics":[132],"PAHs":[134,162,236,254,292],"contiguous":[143],"saline":[144],"differentiated":[145],"coastal":[146],"deltaic":[147],"Lower":[148],"Orashi":[149],"Sombriero":[151],"Systems,":[153],"Rivers":[154],"State,":[155],"Nigeria;":[156],"determine":[158],"extent":[160],"pollution.":[163],"The":[164,226],"area":[166,307],"was":[167,219],"segmented":[168],"into":[169,179],"10":[170],"sites,":[171],"where":[172],"water":[173],"sediment":[175],"samples":[176],"collected":[178],"decontaminated":[180],"plastic":[181],"bottles":[182],"zip":[184],"lock":[185],"bags,":[186],"sealed":[187],"appropriately":[189],"labeled":[190],"sample":[191],"stations-wise,":[192],"stored":[193],"ice-parks":[195],"cooler":[196],"preservation":[198],"oxidation":[201],"states.":[202],"Standard":[203],"laboratory":[204],"methods":[205],"analysis":[209],"physico-chemical":[211],"parameters.":[212],"Inductively":[213],"Coupled":[214],"Plasma":[215],"Mass":[216],"Spectrometer":[217],"(ICP-MS)":[218],"used":[220],"sequencing/speciation":[223],"PAHs.":[225],"findings":[228],"show":[229],"that":[230,265],"15":[231],"16":[233],"IARC":[234],"priority":[235],"exceeded":[237],"WHO/USEPA":[239],"tolerant":[240],"values":[241],"(TLV)":[242],"media":[246,268],"except":[247],"Fluorine.":[248],"Significant":[249],"variation":[250],"exists":[251],"among":[255],"p<0.05.":[262],"This":[263],"shows":[264],"contaminated":[270],"PAHs,":[272],"hence":[273],"unsuitable":[274],"pelagic":[276],"benthic":[278],"demersals/species,":[280],"thus,":[281],"predisposing":[282],"riparian":[284],"population":[285],"possible":[287],"risks":[289],"associated":[290],"exposure.":[293],"Articulation":[294],"efficient":[296],"sustainable":[298],"multi-stakeholder":[299],"decontamination/remediation":[301],"mitigation":[303],"Delta":[310],"urgently":[311],"recommended.":[312]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2026-11-12T00:00:00"}
