{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225786008","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44435-026-00023-4","title":"Numerical investigation of the thermal-hydraulic performance of liquid-cooled oblique-cut-fin microchannel heat sink configurations","display_name":"Numerical investigation of the thermal-hydraulic performance of liquid-cooled oblique-cut-fin microchannel heat sink configurations","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225786008","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44435-026-00023-4"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s44435-026-00023-4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44435-026-00023-4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44435-026-00023-4","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44435-026-00023-4.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407056033","display_name":"npj Thermal Science and Engineering","issn_l":"3059-3301","issn":["3059-3301"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"npj Thermal Science and Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44435-026-00023-4.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001381355","display_name":"Prasad Kangude","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2098-724X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2098-724X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205274468","display_name":"Trinity College Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/02tyrky19","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Prasad Kangude","raw_affiliation_strings":["CONNECT Research Centre, Dunlop Oriel House, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland","Department of Mechanical, Manufacturing & Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CONNECT Research Centre, Dunlop Oriel House, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical, Manufacturing & Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021682793","display_name":"Anthony James Robinson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1246-2950","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1246-2950"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205274468","display_name":"Trinity College Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/02tyrky19","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anthony James Robinson","raw_affiliation_strings":["CONNECT Research Centre, Dunlop Oriel House, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland","Department of Mechanical, Manufacturing & Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CONNECT Research Centre, Dunlop Oriel House, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical, Manufacturing & Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5001381355"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"],"apc_list":{"value":2590,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2590},"apc_paid":{"value":2590,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2590},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10998","display_name":"Heat Transfer and Optimization","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10998","display_name":"Heat Transfer and Optimization","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10850","display_name":"Heat Transfer and Boiling Studies","score":0.0034000000450760126,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11945","display_name":"Heat Transfer Mechanisms","score":0.0020000000949949026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.7200000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63662833","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6839341","display_name":"Microchannel","level":2,"score":0.6845999956130981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50517652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179635","display_name":"Heat transfer","level":2,"score":0.661899983882904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114088122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1261069","display_name":"Pressure drop","level":2,"score":0.6284000277519226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29700514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q634340","display_name":"Heat transfer coefficient","level":3,"score":0.5837000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5541999936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41231900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918227","display_name":"Convective heat transfer","level":3,"score":0.5529000163078308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186937647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1796959","display_name":"Heat sink","level":2,"score":0.5490999817848206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182748727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178932","display_name":"Reynolds number","level":3,"score":0.53329998254776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16644385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1327735","display_name":"Hydraulic diameter","level":4,"score":0.4925999939441681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10899652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160329","display_name":"Convection","level":2,"score":0.4878999888896942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.46869999170303345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777777821","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25111513","display_name":"Heat transfer enhancement","level":4,"score":0.41269999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38349280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434290","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3474999964237213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111603439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752193","display_name":"Boundary layer","level":2,"score":0.33889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83893533","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5462121","display_name":"Flow visualization","level":3,"score":0.33640000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91721477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778612","display_name":"Fin","level":2,"score":0.3231000006198883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192866977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3294462","display_name":"Dynamic scraped surface heat exchanger","level":5,"score":0.3034999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781410879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5378802","display_name":"Enhanced heat transfer","level":3,"score":0.30160000920295715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781345722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5308388","display_name":"Drop (telecommunication)","level":2,"score":0.29840001463890076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107706546","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189124","display_name":"Heat exchanger","level":2,"score":0.2978000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118227150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6839192","display_name":"Micro heat exchanger","level":4,"score":0.2808000147342682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204530211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752823","display_name":"Thermal","level":2,"score":0.28049999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24561367","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909313","display_name":"Forced convection","level":3,"score":0.2743000090122223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180925781","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514096","display_name":"Open-channel flow","level":3,"score":0.26570001244544983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140820882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q732722","display_name":"Vortex","level":2,"score":0.2556000053882599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90278072","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216320","display_name":"Fluid dynamics","level":2,"score":0.25270000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174379495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3523888","display_name":"Thermal hydraulics","level":3,"score":0.2506999969482422}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/s44435-026-00023-4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44435-026-00023-4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44435-026-00023-4","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44435-026-00023-4.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407056033","display_name":"npj Thermal Science and Engineering","issn_l":"3059-3301","issn":["3059-3301"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"npj Thermal Science and Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s44435-026-00023-4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44435-026-00023-4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44435-026-00023-4","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44435-026-00023-4.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407056033","display_name":"npj Thermal Science and Engineering","issn_l":"3059-3301","issn":["3059-3301"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"npj Thermal Science and Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225786008.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225786008.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1567653661","https://openalex.org/W1987416535","https://openalex.org/W1987773219","https://openalex.org/W1990072453","https://openalex.org/W1993469011","https://openalex.org/W2009562230","https://openalex.org/W2014651432","https://openalex.org/W2015092567","https://openalex.org/W2132049011","https://openalex.org/W2156259175","https://openalex.org/W2799301159","https://openalex.org/W2907358294","https://openalex.org/W3122853406","https://openalex.org/W3195839992","https://openalex.org/W3198740862","https://openalex.org/W3213800937","https://openalex.org/W4242232685","https://openalex.org/W4247060813","https://openalex.org/W4295215060","https://openalex.org/W4298007228","https://openalex.org/W4312085362","https://openalex.org/W4320719858","https://openalex.org/W4385495475","https://openalex.org/W4386645538","https://openalex.org/W4390013377","https://openalex.org/W4396973359","https://openalex.org/W4402623827","https://openalex.org/W4405137226","https://openalex.org/W4413324799","https://openalex.org/W4414569127","https://openalex.org/W4415336735","https://openalex.org/W7128496969"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Oblique-cut-fin":[1],"microchannels":[2],"are":[3,70],"promising":[4],"for":[5,14,78,245],"high":[6],"heat-flux":[7],"thermal":[8],"management":[9],"due":[10],"to":[11,53,73,116,128,137],"their":[12],"potential":[13],"enhanced":[15],"fluid":[16],"mixing":[17],"and":[18,30,35,65,193,209,238,241],"compact":[19],"geometry.":[20],"This":[21,118],"study":[22],"investigates":[23],"eight":[24],"configurations,":[25],"classified":[26],"as":[27],"symmetric":[28],"(SC)":[29],"periodic":[31],"(PC)":[32],"at":[33],"30\u00b0":[34],"60\u00b0":[36],"oblique":[37],"angles,":[38],"using":[39],"conjugate":[40],"heat":[41,60,123,155,199,214,251],"transfer":[42,61,124,156,200,215],"simulations.":[43],"A":[44],"physics-based":[45],"Performance":[46],"Index":[47],"(":[48,97],"PI":[49,111],")":[50,99],"is":[51],"employed":[52],"quantify":[54],"the":[55,89,93,105,121,132,146,152,184,219],"combined":[56],"effects":[57],"of":[58,162,171,187,249],"convective":[59,122,154,234],"intensity,":[62],"wetted":[63,143,236],"area,":[64,237],"hydraulic":[66,169,239],"penalty.":[67],"Flow":[68,179],"physics":[69],"further":[71],"elucidated":[72],"understand":[74],"flow":[75],"features":[76],"responsible":[77],"performance":[79,186],"change.":[80],"Results":[81],"show":[82],"that":[83,183,197,225],"nearly":[84],"all":[85],"oblique-cut":[86],"configurations":[87],"outperform":[88],"straight-fin":[90],"baseline":[91],"over":[92],"investigated":[94],"Reynolds":[95],"number":[96],"Re":[98],"range.":[100],"Among":[101],"them,":[102],"PC_3_30\u00b0":[103,188],"provides":[104],"best":[106],"overall":[107,177],"thermal-hydraulic":[108],"performance,":[109],"with":[110,158],"values":[112],"ranging":[113],"from":[114,190],"1.30":[115],"1.54.":[117],"configuration":[119],"increases":[120],"coefficient":[125],"by":[126,135],"up":[127,136],"40%":[129],"while":[130,201],"reducing":[131],"pressure":[133,220],"drop":[134],"18%,":[138],"despite":[139],"having":[140],"5%":[141],"less":[142],"area":[144],"than":[145],"baseline.":[147],"By":[148],"contrast,":[149],"PC_Base_30\u00b0":[150],"produces":[151],"greatest":[153],"enhancement,":[157,235],"an":[159,167],"average":[160,168],"increase":[161,218],"approximately":[163,172],"66%,":[164],"but":[165,216],"incurs":[166],"penalty":[170],"55%,":[173],"thereby":[174],"limiting":[175],"its":[176],"performance.":[178],"visualization":[180],"results":[181],"reveal":[182],"superior":[185],"arises":[189],"slot-confined":[191],"vortices":[192],"a":[194,230],"vortex-cushioning":[195],"effect":[196],"enhance":[198],"moderating":[202],"wall":[203],"shear.":[204],"In":[205],"PC_Base_30\u00b0,":[206],"stronger":[207],"cross-flow":[208],"boundary":[210],"layer":[211],"disruption":[212],"intensify":[213],"substantially":[217],"drop.":[221],"These":[222],"findings":[223],"demonstrate":[224],"optimal":[226],"oblique-cut-fin":[227],"designs":[228],"require":[229],"careful":[231],"balance":[232],"among":[233],"expenditure,":[240],"provide":[242],"design":[243],"guidance":[244],"subsequent":[246],"multivariable":[247],"optimization":[248],"microchannel":[250],"sinks.":[252]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2026-11-12T00:00:00"}
