{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225778272","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/mve.70130","title":"Mosquito vector abundance, spatial distribution and arboviral transmission risk in high\u2010traffic cross\u2010border zones of Tanzania","display_name":"Mosquito vector abundance, spatial distribution and arboviral transmission risk in high\u2010traffic cross\u2010border zones of Tanzania","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225778272","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/mve.70130"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/mve.70130","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/mve.70130","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/mve.70130","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207638786","display_name":"Medical and Veterinary Entomology","issn_l":"0269-283X","issn":["0269-283X","1365-2915"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical and Veterinary Entomology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5094271332","display_name":"Remidius Kamuhabwa Kakulu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1048-7989","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1048-7989"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113047","display_name":"Ministry of Health, Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children","ror":"https://ror.org/02465hh03","country_code":"TZ","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113047"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97231232","display_name":"Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/041vsn055","country_code":"TZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97231232"]}],"countries":["TZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Remidius Kakulu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Health and Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Science and Bioengineering Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM\u2010AIST)  Arusha Tanzania","Environmental Health and Sanitation Section Department of Preventive Services, Ministry of Health  Dodoma Tanzania"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1048-7989","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health and Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Science and Bioengineering Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM\u2010AIST)  Arusha Tanzania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97231232"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Environmental Health and Sanitation Section Department of Preventive Services, Ministry of Health  Dodoma Tanzania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113047"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039901898","display_name":"Elison E. Kemibala","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elison Kemibala","raw_affiliation_strings":["Vector Control Department Muheza College of Health and Allied Sciences, Ministry of Health  Tanga Tanzania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vector Control Department Muheza College of Health and Allied Sciences, Ministry of Health  Tanga Tanzania","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017206248","display_name":"Sima Rugarabamu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1473-3750","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1473-3750"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154840374","display_name":"Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/027pr6c67","country_code":"TZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154840374"]}],"countries":["TZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sima Rugarabamu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences  Dar es Salaam Tanzania"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1473-3750","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences  Dar es Salaam Tanzania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154840374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018145941","display_name":"Charles Mwaipopo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113047","display_name":"Ministry of Health, Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children","ror":"https://ror.org/02465hh03","country_code":"TZ","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113047"]}],"countries":["TZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charles Mwaipopo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Environmental Health and Sanitation Section Department of Preventive Services, Ministry of Health  Dodoma Tanzania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Environmental Health and Sanitation Section Department of Preventive Services, Ministry of Health  Dodoma Tanzania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113047"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161480282","display_name":"George Ndaki","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113047","display_name":"Ministry of Health, Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children","ror":"https://ror.org/02465hh03","country_code":"TZ","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113047"]}],"countries":["TZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"George Ndaki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Environmental Health and Sanitation Section Department of Preventive Services, Ministry of Health  Dodoma Tanzania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Environmental Health and Sanitation Section Department of Preventive Services, Ministry of Health  Dodoma Tanzania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113047"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161430800","display_name":"Nisalile Mwangoka","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113047","display_name":"Ministry of Health, Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children","ror":"https://ror.org/02465hh03","country_code":"TZ","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113047"]}],"countries":["TZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nisalile Mwangoka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Environmental Health and Sanitation Section Department of Preventive Services, Ministry of Health  Dodoma Tanzania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Environmental Health and Sanitation Section Department of Preventive Services, Ministry of Health  Dodoma Tanzania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113047"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161485306","display_name":"Josephine Kapinga","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113047","display_name":"Ministry of Health, Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children","ror":"https://ror.org/02465hh03","country_code":"TZ","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113047"]}],"countries":["TZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Josephine Kapinga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Environmental Health and Sanitation Section Department of Preventive Services, Ministry of Health  Dodoma Tanzania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Environmental Health and Sanitation Section Department of Preventive Services, Ministry of Health  Dodoma Tanzania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113047"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161444890","display_name":"Athanas Lucas","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113047","display_name":"Ministry of Health, Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children","ror":"https://ror.org/02465hh03","country_code":"TZ","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113047"]}],"countries":["TZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Athanas Lucas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Environmental Health and Sanitation Section Department of Preventive Services, Ministry of Health  Dodoma Tanzania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Environmental Health and Sanitation Section Department of Preventive Services, Ministry of Health  Dodoma Tanzania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113047"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086384300","display_name":"Amour Seleman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113047","display_name":"Ministry of Health, Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children","ror":"https://ror.org/02465hh03","country_code":"TZ","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113047"]}],"countries":["TZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amour Seleman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Environmental Health and Sanitation Section Department of Preventive Services, Ministry of Health  Dodoma Tanzania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Environmental Health and Sanitation Section Department of Preventive Services, Ministry of Health  Dodoma Tanzania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113047"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018839647","display_name":"Khalid Massa","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113047","display_name":"Ministry of Health, Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children","ror":"https://ror.org/02465hh03","country_code":"TZ","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113047"]}],"countries":["TZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khalid Massa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Environmental Health and Sanitation Section Department of Preventive Services, Ministry of Health  Dodoma Tanzania"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Environmental Health and Sanitation Section Department of Preventive Services, Ministry of Health  Dodoma Tanzania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113047"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054428139","display_name":"Emmanuel Abraham Mpolya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6210-9445","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6210-9445","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5521-0027"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97231232","display_name":"Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/041vsn055","country_code":"TZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97231232"]}],"countries":["TZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emmanuel Mpolya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Health and Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Science and Bioengineering Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM\u2010AIST)  Arusha Tanzania"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6210-9445","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health and Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Science and Bioengineering Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM\u2010AIST)  Arusha Tanzania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97231232"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028855784","display_name":"Esther G. Kimaro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5072-7185","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5072-7185"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97231232","display_name":"Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/041vsn055","country_code":"TZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97231232"]}],"countries":["TZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Esther Gwae Kimaro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Health and Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Science and Bioengineering Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM\u2010AIST)  Arusha Tanzania"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5072-7185","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health and Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Science and Bioengineering Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM\u2010AIST)  Arusha Tanzania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97231232"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4140,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4140},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10166","display_name":"Mosquito-borne diseases and control","score":0.9740999937057495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10166","display_name":"Mosquito-borne diseases and control","score":0.9740999937057495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10091","display_name":"Malaria Research and Control","score":0.01769999973475933,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14053","display_name":"Dengue and Mosquito Control Research","score":0.0032999999821186066,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.7587000131607056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780688631","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q310911","display_name":"Aedes","level":3,"score":0.6776999831199646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776217558","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3007100","display_name":"Culex quinquefasciatus","level":4,"score":0.6636999845504761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92087593","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q427389","display_name":"Vector (molecular biology)","level":4,"score":0.6413000226020813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776802408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q135237","display_name":"Anopheles gambiae","level":3,"score":0.5949000120162964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781375639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q158597","display_name":"Anopheles","level":3,"score":0.5677000284194946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779518617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q276595","display_name":"Culex","level":3,"score":0.546500027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779357621","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q655495","display_name":"Tanzania","level":2,"score":0.51419997215271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776853612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q477918","display_name":"Aedes albopictus","level":4,"score":0.47540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.4677000045776367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42972112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170201","display_name":"Veterinary medicine","level":1,"score":0.4519999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77077793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336019","display_name":"Abundance (ecology)","level":2,"score":0.43970000743865967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778048844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12156","display_name":"Malaria","level":2,"score":0.4268999993801117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777775583","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148004","display_name":"Aedes aegypti","level":3,"score":0.41370001435279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777016058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7574061","display_name":"Spatial distribution","level":2,"score":0.3935000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C533803919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30953","display_name":"Dengue fever","level":2,"score":0.3723999857902527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199733313","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22856","display_name":"Population density","level":3,"score":0.3626999855041504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173758957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q129270","display_name":"Larva","level":2,"score":0.36010000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.3531000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.3434999883174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.33730000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20137635","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84266661","display_name":"Bionomics","level":3,"score":0.3246999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110121322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865811","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.31029999256134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47559259","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778143","display_name":"Biological dispersal","level":3,"score":0.28760001063346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778768067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3007103","display_name":"Culex tritaeniorhynchus","level":5,"score":0.2858999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147135968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39286","display_name":"Entomology","level":2,"score":0.27160000801086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122325731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3738459","display_name":"Relative species abundance","level":3,"score":0.26159998774528503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779985137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2003646","display_name":"Mosquito control","level":3,"score":0.2565999925136566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90856448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q431","display_name":"Zoology","level":1,"score":0.2522999942302704}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/mve.70130","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/mve.70130","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/mve.70130","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207638786","display_name":"Medical and Veterinary Entomology","issn_l":"0269-283X","issn":["0269-283X","1365-2915"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical and Veterinary Entomology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1985418757","https://openalex.org/W1987286802","https://openalex.org/W1988360541","https://openalex.org/W1988690895","https://openalex.org/W2040635848","https://openalex.org/W2079009800","https://openalex.org/W2101159540","https://openalex.org/W2137110372","https://openalex.org/W2408762395","https://openalex.org/W2557730755","https://openalex.org/W2799666243","https://openalex.org/W2807496448","https://openalex.org/W3007118538","https://openalex.org/W4206208317","https://openalex.org/W4294733779","https://openalex.org/W4390542305","https://openalex.org/W7134114567"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Arboviral":[1],"diseases":[2],"remain":[3],"a":[4,46,274,286,324],"major":[5],"global":[6],"public":[7],"health":[8],"challenge":[9],"because":[10],"mosquito":[11,40,144],"vectors":[12,41],"continue":[13],"to":[14,30,139,333],"expand":[15],"their":[16],"geographical":[17],"range":[18],"through":[19,102],"increasing":[20],"international":[21,207],"travel,":[22],"urbanization":[23],"and":[24,36,61,74,76,82,94,116,133,146,179,193,285,306,310,341],"climate":[25],"change.":[26],"This":[27,271],"study":[28,272],"aimed":[29],"assess":[31],"the":[32,123,206,224,240,245,254,281,298,313,335],"abundance,":[33],"spatial":[34],"distribution":[35,288],"larval":[37,98,259],"indices":[38,260],"of":[39,42,106,160,190,205,248,253,268,277,289,331,337],"medical":[43],"importance":[44],"in":[45,199,217,320],"cross\u2010border":[47,66,282],"setting.":[48],"A":[49,158],"comprehensive":[50],"entomological":[51,308],"survey,":[52],"using":[53,88,113,122],"multiple":[54],"collection":[55],"techniques,":[56],"was":[57,197,237],"conducted":[58,101],"between":[59,118],"October":[60],"November":[62],"2024":[63],"at":[64,68,154,329],"high\u2010traffic":[65],"zones":[67],"Mutukula":[69],"ground":[70,78],"crossing":[71,79],"connecting":[72,80],"Tanzania":[73,81],"Uganda":[75],"Namanga":[77],"Kenya.":[83],"Adult":[84],"mosquitoes":[85,162],"were":[86,100,111,120,137,163],"collected":[87],"BG\u2010Pro":[89],"traps,":[90],"CDC":[91],"light":[92],"traps":[93],"Prokopack":[95],"aspirators,":[96],"while":[97],"surveys":[99],"cross\u2010sectional":[103],"household":[104],"inspections":[105],"potential":[107,246,342],"breeding":[108,147],"habitats.":[109],"Data":[110],"summarized":[112],"descriptive":[114],"statistics,":[115],"associations":[117],"variables":[119],"assessed":[121],"Chi\u2010square":[124],"test":[125],"or":[126],"Fisher's":[127],"exact":[128],"test,":[129],"as":[130,318],"appropriate.":[131],"Binomial":[132],"Poisson":[134],"regression":[135],"models":[136],"used":[138],"identify":[140],"factors":[141],"associated":[142],"with":[143,150],"abundance":[145,189],"site":[148],"occurrence,":[149],"statistical":[151],"significance":[152],"set":[153],"p":[155,210,230],"<":[156,211,231],"0.05.":[157],"total":[159],"6952":[161],"collected,":[164],"comprising":[165],"Culex":[166,214,290],"quinquefasciatus":[167,215],"(84.7%,":[168],"n":[169,176,184],"=":[170,177,185,228],"5895),":[171],"Aedes":[172,191,235,242,278],"aegypti":[173,279],"(":[174,209],"10.0%,":[175],"689)":[178],"Anopheles":[180,194],"gambiae":[181],"s.l.":[182],"(5.3%,":[183],"369).":[186],"Significantly":[187],"higher":[188],"spp.":[192],"funestus":[195],"s.l":[196],"recorded":[198],"hamlets":[200,218,256],"located":[201],"within":[202,280],"400":[203,221,325],"m":[204,222,326],"border":[208,225],"0.0001),":[212],"whereas":[213],"predominated":[216],"situated":[219],"beyond":[220,292,312],"from":[223],"(\u03c7":[226],"2":[227],"1938,":[229],"0.000001).":[232],"One":[233],"female":[234],"albopictus":[236],"detected":[238],"among":[239],"adult":[241],"collections,":[243],"suggesting":[244],"introduction":[247],"this":[249,293],"invasive":[250],"vector.":[251],"Four":[252],"10":[255],"surveyed":[257],"had":[258],"exceeding":[261],"recommended":[262,323],"thresholds,":[263],"indicating":[264],"an":[265],"elevated":[266],"risk":[267,336],"arboviral":[269,338],"transmission.":[270],"revealed":[273],"high":[275],"prevalence":[276],"buffer":[283,327],"zone":[284,328],"broader":[287],"species":[291],"zone.":[294],"These":[295],"findings":[296],"underscore":[297],"urgent":[299],"need":[300],"for":[301],"sustained":[302],"vector":[303],"control":[304,311],"interventions":[305],"strengthened":[307],"surveillance":[309],"International":[314],"Health":[315],"Regulations":[316],"(2005)":[317],"amended":[319],"2024,":[321],"which":[322],"points":[330],"entry":[332],"mitigate":[334],"disease":[339],"transmission":[340],"epidemics.":[343]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2026-11-12T00:00:00"}
