{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225758690","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2026.1944523","title":"Dietary diversity, place of residence and malnutrition among school-going adolescent girls in Western Maharashtra, India: a structural equation modelling analysis","display_name":"Dietary diversity, place of residence and malnutrition among school-going adolescent girls in Western Maharashtra, India: a structural equation modelling analysis","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225758690","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2026.1944523"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fnut.2026.1944523","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2026.1944523","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2026.1944523","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2026.1944523/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2596909297","display_name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","issn_l":"2296-861X","issn":["2296-861X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2026.1944523/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5145947694","display_name":"Vaidya Sumeet","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887998513","display_name":"Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University)","ror":"https://ror.org/0052mmx10","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887998513"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sumeet Vaidya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Community Medicine, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Medical College"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Community Medicine, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Medical College","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887998513"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003365042","display_name":"Sujata Kapil Murarkar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8097-0271","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8097-0271"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887998513","display_name":"Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University)","ror":"https://ror.org/0052mmx10","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887998513"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sujata Murarkar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Community Medicine, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Medical College"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Community Medicine, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Medical College","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887998513"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031753201","display_name":"Rupeshkumar Deshmukh","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887998513","display_name":"Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University)","ror":"https://ror.org/0052mmx10","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887998513"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rupeshkumar Deshmukh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Community Medicine, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Medical College"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Community Medicine, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Medical College","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887998513"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026601169","display_name":"Saibal Adhya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6753-9161","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6753-9161"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887998513","display_name":"Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University)","ror":"https://ror.org/0052mmx10","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887998513"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saibal Adhya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Community Medicine, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Medical College"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Community Medicine, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Medical College","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887998513"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5003365042"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887998513"],"apc_list":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"apc_paid":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10596","display_name":"Child Nutrition and Water Access","score":0.9077000021934509,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2916","display_name":"Nutrition and Dietetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10596","display_name":"Child Nutrition and Water Access","score":0.9077000021934509,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2916","display_name":"Nutrition and Dietetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12873","display_name":"Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior","score":0.0617000013589859,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2916","display_name":"Nutrition and Dietetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10010","display_name":"Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet","score":0.01140000019222498,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C551997983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12167","display_name":"Malnutrition","level":2,"score":0.7818999886512756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71104824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1476639","display_name":"Structural equation modeling","level":2,"score":0.7641000151634216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776269092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1611074","display_name":"Residence","level":2,"score":0.7455999851226807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27403532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532474","display_name":"Generalized estimating equation","level":2,"score":0.6850000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778302649","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16956975","display_name":"Overnutrition","level":3,"score":0.6509000062942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.5583999752998352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151956035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132755","display_name":"Logistic regression","level":2,"score":0.5543000102043152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143095724","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q515895","display_name":"Odds","level":3,"score":0.522599995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.4916999936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156957248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1862216","display_name":"Odds ratio","level":2,"score":0.4894999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.43860000371932983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018403216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q108898813","display_name":"Dietary diversity","level":4,"score":0.427700012922287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781316041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230584","display_name":"Diversity (politics)","level":2,"score":0.4269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142853389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744778","display_name":"Association (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4034999907016754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82793941","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1046024","display_name":"Path analysis (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.39899998903274536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780148112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1432581","display_name":"Proxy (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.39259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53084192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1485121","display_name":"Gee","level":3,"score":0.3903999924659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.35040000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.3296999931335449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142052008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954027","display_name":"Cross-sectional study","level":2,"score":0.3294999897480011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.28459998965263367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204016326","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5401384","display_name":"Estimating equations","level":3,"score":0.26820001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152877465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208042","display_name":"Regression analysis","level":2,"score":0.25929999351501465}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fnut.2026.1944523","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2026.1944523","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2026.1944523","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2026.1944523/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2596909297","display_name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","issn_l":"2296-861X","issn":["2296-861X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fnut.2026.1944523","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2026.1944523","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2026.1944523","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2026.1944523/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2596909297","display_name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","issn_l":"2296-861X","issn":["2296-861X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225758690.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225758690.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1819467863","https://openalex.org/W2071666535","https://openalex.org/W2075623847","https://openalex.org/W2097710868","https://openalex.org/W2110065044","https://openalex.org/W2118836230","https://openalex.org/W2133699833","https://openalex.org/W2136332263","https://openalex.org/W2148924243","https://openalex.org/W2149860264","https://openalex.org/W2165059039","https://openalex.org/W2594069188","https://openalex.org/W2761079586","https://openalex.org/W2902826514","https://openalex.org/W3017229488","https://openalex.org/W3092861045","https://openalex.org/W3186737206","https://openalex.org/W3217609641","https://openalex.org/W4282920456","https://openalex.org/W4292363405","https://openalex.org/W4319032179","https://openalex.org/W4322501519","https://openalex.org/W4368360420","https://openalex.org/W4376959512","https://openalex.org/W4380872400","https://openalex.org/W4385340228","https://openalex.org/W4389627098","https://openalex.org/W4391650989","https://openalex.org/W4395666323","https://openalex.org/W4396694990","https://openalex.org/W4401933165","https://openalex.org/W4404432963","https://openalex.org/W4405262567","https://openalex.org/W4406128088","https://openalex.org/W4406310529","https://openalex.org/W4408055315","https://openalex.org/W4408996167","https://openalex.org/W4409528535"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background":[0],"Adolescent":[1],"girls":[2,46],"in":[3,51,158,254,273],"India":[4],"bear":[5],"a":[6,27,102,138,214,336],"disproportionate":[7],"share":[8],"of":[9,94,148,189,196,243,285,289,300],"the":[10,21,73,208,274,282,287,290],"country\u2019s":[11],"nutritional":[12,113],"burden,":[13],"with":[14,65,92,126,186,201,218,231,248,309,338],"undernutrition":[15,219,310],"and":[16,68,78,96,112,123,176,230,251,264,298,306,311,324,335],"overnutrition":[17,153],"increasingly":[18],"coexisting":[19],"within":[20],"same":[22],"population.":[23],"Dietary":[24,55,98,296],"diversity":[25,56,212,250,297],"is":[26,279],"modifiable":[28],"proxy":[29],"indicator":[30],"for":[31,141],"diet":[32],"quality.":[33],"Methods":[34],"A":[35],"community-based":[36],"cross-sectional":[37,319],"analytical":[38],"study":[39],"was":[40,57,86,117,156,199,245,259,270,293],"conducted":[41],"among":[42,314],"703":[43],"school-going":[44],"adolescent":[45,315],"(350":[47],"urban,":[48],"353":[49],"rural)":[50],"Western":[52],"Maharashtra,":[53],"India.":[54],"assessed":[58],"by":[59,281],"24-h":[60],"recall.":[61],"Associations":[62],"were":[63,135,183],"tested":[64],"Pearson\u2019s":[66],"chi-square":[67],"binary":[69],"logistic":[70],"regression.":[71],"For":[72],"outcomes":[74],"(i.e.,":[75],"undernutrition,":[76],"overnutrition,":[77],"malnutrition),":[79],"an":[80],"exploratory":[81],"path-analytic":[82],"structural":[83],"equation":[84],"model":[85],"fitted":[87],"using":[88,119],"maximum":[89],"likelihood":[90],"estimation,":[91],"place":[93,242,299],"residence":[95,172,244,301],"Minimum":[97],"Diversity":[99],"(MDD)":[100],"specified":[101],"priori":[103],"as":[104,137],"hypothesized":[105,322],"serial":[106],"intermediate":[107],"variables":[108],"between":[109],"sociodemographic":[110],"characteristics":[111],"status.":[114],"Model":[115],"fit":[116],"evaluated":[118],"CFI":[120,262],"\u2265":[121],"0.90":[122],"RMSEA":[124,265],"\u22640.08,":[125],"TLI":[127,268],"reported":[128],"alongside.":[129],"Cluster-robust":[130],"generalized":[131],"estimating":[132],"equations":[133],"(GEE)":[134],"used":[136],"sensitivity":[139,276],"analysis":[140],"within-school":[142],"clustering.":[143],"Results":[144],"Malnutrition":[145],"affected":[146],"70.13%":[147],"participants":[149],"overall":[150,232,312],"(undernutrition":[151],"60.31%,":[152],"9.82%).":[154],"MDD":[155,224],"inadequate":[157,190],"90.18%":[159],"(rural":[160],"95.18%":[161],"vs.":[162],"urban":[163],"85.14%,":[164],"p":[165],"<":[166],"0.001).":[167],"After":[168],"multivariable":[169],"adjustment,":[170],"rural":[171],"(AOR":[173,180,204],"=":[174,181,205,225,236],"4.55)":[175],"father\u2019s":[177],"elementary":[178],"occupation":[179],"2.36)":[182],"independently":[184],"associated":[185,200,247],"higher":[187],"odds":[188,203],"MDD,":[191],"whereas":[192],"outdoor":[193],"physical":[194],"activity":[195],"\u22652":[197],"h/day":[198],"lower":[202],"0.49).":[206],"In":[207],"path":[209],"models,":[210],"dietary":[211,249],"showed":[213,302],"significant":[215,304],"indirect":[216,221,307],"association":[217,222,235],"(standardized":[220],"via":[223],"0.014,":[226,237],"95%":[227,238],"CI":[228,239],"0.001\u20130.029)":[229],"malnutrition":[233,313],"(indirect":[234],"0.001\u20130.035),":[240],"while":[241],"significantly":[246],"lifestyle":[252],"behaviors":[253],"all":[255],"three":[256],"models.":[257],"Fit":[258],"acceptable":[260],"on":[261],"(0.93\u20130.94)":[263],"(0.058),":[266],"but":[267],"(0.85\u20130.86)":[269],"below":[271],"0.90;":[272],"GEE":[275],"analysis,":[277],"which":[278],"limited":[280],"small":[283],"number":[284],"schools,":[286],"direction":[288],"key":[291],"associations":[292,308],"unchanged.":[294],"Conclusion":[295],"statistically":[303],"direct":[305],"girls.":[316],"These":[317],"exploratory,":[318],"findings":[320],"describe":[321],"pathways":[323],"do":[325],"not":[326],"establish":[327],"mediation":[328],"or":[329],"causation;":[330],"confirmation":[331],"requires":[332],"longitudinal":[333],"data":[334],"design":[337],"more":[339],"schools.":[340]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2026-11-11T00:00:00"}