{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225758599","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24109982","title":"Sizing a Neighbourhood Cold and Warm Refuge: A Design Rule per 1,000 Residents for Floor Area, Thermal Load and 72-Hour Backup Energy","display_name":"Sizing a Neighbourhood Cold and Warm Refuge: A Design Rule per 1,000 Residents for Floor Area, Thermal Load and 72-Hour Backup Energy","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225758599","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24109982"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24109982","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24109982","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24109982","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24109982","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159396451","display_name":"William Alexander Aldred","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Aldred, William Alexander","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1215-577X","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5159396451"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10121","display_name":"Building Energy and Comfort Optimization","score":0.9771000146865845,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10121","display_name":"Building Energy and Comfort Optimization","score":0.9771000146865845,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13263","display_name":"Building energy efficiency and sustainability","score":0.004999999888241291,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11185","display_name":"Integrated Energy Systems Optimization","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777767291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1080291","display_name":"Sizing","level":2,"score":0.6855000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781099182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24963825","display_name":"Cooling load","level":3,"score":0.5925999879837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.551800012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777693866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q359099","display_name":"Blackout","level":4,"score":0.524399995803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780945871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194274","display_name":"Backup","level":2,"score":0.5063999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206658404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12725","display_name":"Electricity","level":2,"score":0.5020999908447266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196803488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4986592","display_name":"Building envelope","level":3,"score":0.4368000030517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.42579999566078186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77715397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q931447","display_name":"Electrical load","level":3,"score":0.41920000314712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4638862","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1501558","display_name":"Chiller","level":2,"score":0.4108999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131217568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7676139","display_name":"Tailwater","level":2,"score":0.36169999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65155139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5380912","display_name":"Envelope (radar)","level":3,"score":0.36039999127388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200457457","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q584049","display_name":"Ventilation (architecture)","level":2,"score":0.35280001163482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986689482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1806775","display_name":"Peak load","level":2,"score":0.34540000557899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780992000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17016113","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","level":3,"score":0.31130000948905945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133913538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q774514","display_name":"Thermal comfort","level":2,"score":0.30469998717308044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7694927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7667810","display_name":"Water cooling","level":2,"score":0.3021000027656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993006356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7667810","display_name":"Water cooled","level":3,"score":0.29420000314712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778449969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130760","display_name":"Turbine","level":2,"score":0.28130000829696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161677786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2478475","display_name":"Neighbourhood (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2791999876499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160331591","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7075743","display_name":"Occupancy","level":2,"score":0.27309998869895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.27219998836517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157062255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5035697","display_name":"Capital cost","level":2,"score":0.267300009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777908891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1806775","display_name":"Load profile","level":3,"score":0.2667999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199104240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118291","display_name":"Marine engineering","level":1,"score":0.26159998774528503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779777743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5255048","display_name":"Load Shedding","level":4,"score":0.257999986410141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.257099986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777347956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1362005","display_name":"Operating cost","level":2,"score":0.2558000087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111696304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2303697","display_name":"Sorting","level":2,"score":0.2554999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.25360000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129716092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q912130","display_name":"Internal heating","level":2,"score":0.25290000438690186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204530211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752823","display_name":"Thermal","level":2,"score":0.25279998779296875}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24109982","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24109982","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24109982","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24109983","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24109983","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24109983","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24109982","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24109982","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24109982","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"sizing":[1],"model":[2],"for":[3],"heated":[4],"and":[5,23,29,78,126],"cooled":[6],"public":[7,136],"refuges,":[8],"stated":[9],"per":[10,48,97],"1,000":[11],"residents,":[12],"derived":[13],"from":[14],"population,":[15],"vulnerable":[16],"fraction,":[17],"uptake,":[18],"overnight":[19],"occupancy":[20],"density,":[21],"envelope":[22],"ventilation":[24],"heat":[25],"transfer,":[26],"internal":[27],"gains":[28],"event":[30],"duration.":[31],"Base":[32],"case":[33],"(vulnerable":[34],"fraction":[35],"0.25,":[36],"uptake":[37],"0.80):":[38],"200":[39],"occupants":[40],"plus":[41],"16":[42],"staff":[43],"require":[44],"4.68":[45],"m2":[46,52,144],"gross":[47],"person":[49],"present,":[50],"1,010.0":[51],"in":[53,63,100,122,129],"total.":[54],"For":[55,109],"a":[56,64,101,110,123,130,142],"72-hour":[57,111],"heatwave":[58],"blackout":[59],"at":[60,93,114],"40":[61],"C":[62],"good":[65,124],"building,":[66],"peak":[67,73,117],"cooling":[68,104],"is":[69,84,119],"51.87":[70],"kW":[71,121,128],"thermal,":[72],"electric":[74],"load":[75],"22.48":[76],"kW,":[77],"the":[79,139,150],"backup-energy":[80],"bound":[81],"with":[82],"reserve":[83],"1,720":[85],"kWh":[86],"or":[87],"491":[88],"litres":[89],"of":[90,149],"generator":[91],"diesel,":[92],"$1,748.91":[94],"capital":[95],"cost":[96],"protected":[98],"resident;":[99],"poor":[102,131],"building":[103,125,137],"rises":[105],"to":[106],"75.99":[107],"kW.":[108],"winter":[112],"outage":[113],"-15":[115],"C,":[116],"heating":[118],"7.44":[120],"43.70":[127],"one.":[132],"No":[133],"single":[134],"typical":[135],"meets":[138],"area":[140],"rule:":[141],"600":[143],"school":[145],"gymnasium":[146],"covers":[147],"59.4%":[148],"required":[151],"area.":[152],"SIMULATED,":[153],"NOT":[154],"MEASURED.":[155]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2026-11-11T00:00:00"}
