{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225758423","doi":"https://doi.org/10.65339/ijsis.v1.i4.277","title":"The Effect of Tourism on Economic Status Among Local Surfers in Siargao Island","display_name":"The Effect of Tourism on Economic Status Among Local Surfers in Siargao Island","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225758423","doi":"https://doi.org/10.65339/ijsis.v1.i4.277"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.65339/ijsis.v1.i4.277","doi":"https://doi.org/10.65339/ijsis.v1.i4.277","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.65339/ijsis.v1.i4.277","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407063338","display_name":"International Journal of Sustainable and Integrated Studies","issn_l":"3155-6361","issn":["3155-6361"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Sustainable and Integrated Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.65339/ijsis.v1.i4.277","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161412496","display_name":"Cendy A. Blase","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405280078","display_name":"Siargao Island Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02dj52913","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405280078"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cendy A. Blase","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bachelor of Science in Tourism Management, Siargao Island Institute of Technology, Siargao Island, Surigao del Norte, Philippines"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bachelor of Science in Tourism Management, Siargao Island Institute of Technology, Siargao Island, Surigao del Norte, Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405280078"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161374965","display_name":"Aime B. Espa\u00f1ola","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405280078","display_name":"Siargao Island Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02dj52913","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405280078"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aime B. Espa\u00f1ola","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bachelor of Science in Tourism Management, Siargao Island Institute of Technology, Siargao Island, Surigao del Norte, Philippines"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bachelor of Science in Tourism Management, Siargao Island Institute of Technology, Siargao Island, Surigao del Norte, Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405280078"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161379655","display_name":"Reynalyn N. Golo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405280078","display_name":"Siargao Island Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02dj52913","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405280078"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Reynalyn N. Golo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bachelor of Science in Tourism Management, Siargao Island Institute of Technology, Siargao Island, Surigao del Norte, Philippines"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bachelor of Science in Tourism Management, Siargao Island Institute of Technology, Siargao Island, Surigao del Norte, Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405280078"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161407620","display_name":"Mikylla L. Coro","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405280078","display_name":"Siargao Island Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02dj52913","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405280078"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mikylla L. Coro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bachelor of Science in Tourism Management, Siargao Island Institute of Technology, Siargao Island, Surigao del Norte, Philippines"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bachelor of Science in Tourism Management, Siargao Island Institute of Technology, Siargao Island, Surigao del Norte, Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405280078"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161409111","display_name":"Carmena E. Ebuna","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405280078","display_name":"Siargao Island Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02dj52913","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405280078"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carmena E. Ebuna","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bachelor of Science in Tourism Management, Siargao Island Institute of Technology, Siargao Island, Surigao del Norte, Philippines"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bachelor of Science in Tourism Management, Siargao Island Institute of Technology, Siargao Island, Surigao del Norte, Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405280078"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5118512691","display_name":"Maria Lelanie A. Goyonan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405280078","display_name":"Siargao Island Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02dj52913","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405280078"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maria Lelanie A. Goyonan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Adviser, Siargao Island Institute of Technology, Siargao Island, Surigao del Norte, Philippines"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Adviser, Siargao Island Institute of Technology, Siargao Island, Surigao del Norte, Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405280078"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405280078"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"4","first_page":"245","last_page":"252"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13060","display_name":"Adventure Sports and Sensation Seeking","score":0.663100004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1409","display_name":"Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13060","display_name":"Adventure Sports and Sensation Seeking","score":0.663100004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1409","display_name":"Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13136","display_name":"Community-based Tourism Development and Sustainability","score":0.17030000686645508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1409","display_name":"Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10055","display_name":"Diverse Aspects of Tourism Research","score":0.12630000710487366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1409","display_name":"Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3987366","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6658164","display_name":"Livelihood","level":3,"score":0.7928000092506409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18918823","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49389","display_name":"Tourism","level":2,"score":0.607699990272522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45355965","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1643441","display_name":"Socioeconomics","level":1,"score":0.5378000140190125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76178495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4808784","display_name":"Asset (computer security)","level":2,"score":0.5074999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137176749","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4105337","display_name":"Psychological resilience","level":2,"score":0.4788999855518341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147077947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1515895","display_name":"Socioeconomic status","level":3,"score":0.43479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.421999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780892066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1591167","display_name":"Household income","level":2,"score":0.397599995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189326681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10294","display_name":"Poverty","level":2,"score":0.37700000405311584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.35670000314712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.33149999380111694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5333508","display_name":"Economic impact analysis","level":2,"score":0.32899999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138262166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q570938","display_name":"Net income","level":2,"score":0.3239000141620636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39896193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380344","display_name":"Descriptive statistics","level":2,"score":0.32100000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781426361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5326940","display_name":"Earnings","level":2,"score":0.3160000145435333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.3147999942302704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778734068","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1344240","display_name":"Sustainable tourism","level":3,"score":0.31349998712539673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201305675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852998","display_name":"Stakeholder","level":2,"score":0.29510000348091125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73374054","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2995667","display_name":"Economic stability","level":2,"score":0.2946000099182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779585090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3457762","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.28929999470710754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777101753","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5433336","display_name":"Family income","level":2,"score":0.2858000099658966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777483011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3042652","display_name":"Grievance","level":2,"score":0.2784000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C552854447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131201","display_name":"Sustainable development","level":2,"score":0.2773999869823456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66204764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219416","display_name":"Sustainability","level":2,"score":0.26269999146461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4249254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044431","display_name":"Demographic economics","level":1,"score":0.26159998774528503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68062652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214693","display_name":"Social capital","level":2,"score":0.2614000141620636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513380476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5055020","display_name":"Economic inequality","level":3,"score":0.25999999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776420229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7981051","display_name":"Well-being","level":2,"score":0.2574000060558319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49898467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1517706","display_name":"Stratified sampling","level":2,"score":0.2549999952316284}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.65339/ijsis.v1.i4.277","doi":"https://doi.org/10.65339/ijsis.v1.i4.277","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.65339/ijsis.v1.i4.277","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407063338","display_name":"International Journal of Sustainable and Integrated Studies","issn_l":"3155-6361","issn":["3155-6361"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Sustainable and Integrated Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.65339/ijsis.v1.i4.277","doi":"https://doi.org/10.65339/ijsis.v1.i4.277","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.65339/ijsis.v1.i4.277","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407063338","display_name":"International Journal of Sustainable and Integrated Studies","issn_l":"3155-6361","issn":["3155-6361"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Sustainable and Integrated Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2050142017","https://openalex.org/W3020637112","https://openalex.org/W3131201759","https://openalex.org/W3213911744","https://openalex.org/W4213457156","https://openalex.org/W4387304965","https://openalex.org/W4404160373","https://openalex.org/W4410892945","https://openalex.org/W6889748476"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1,165,216],"assessed":[2],"the":[3,72,91,199,215],"perceived":[4,168],"economic":[5,33,85,107,125],"effects":[6],"of":[7],"surf":[8,157],"tourism":[9,205],"among":[10],"local":[11,43],"surfers":[12,44],"in":[13],"Siargao":[14],"Island,":[15],"Philippines,":[16],"focusing":[17],"on":[18],"income":[19,21,88,99,132,169],"growth,":[20],"stability":[22,100],"and":[23,28,31,57,67,78,101,112,115,134,159,185,196,213,225],"asset":[24,102],"accumulation,":[25],"livelihood":[26,113,135,220],"resilience":[27,114,136],"social":[29,116],"support,":[30],"overall":[32],"status.":[34],"A":[35],"quantitative":[36],"descriptive-comparative":[37],"design":[38],"was":[39],"employed":[40],"involving":[41],"200":[42],"selected":[45,150],"through":[46,69],"simple":[47],"random":[48],"sampling":[49],"from":[50],"Dapa,":[51],"General":[52],"Luna,":[53],"Pilar,":[54],"San":[55],"Isidro,":[56],"Santa":[58],"Monica.":[59],"Data":[60],"were":[61,152],"collected":[62],"using":[63],"a":[64],"structured":[65],"questionnaire":[66],"analyzed":[68],"descriptive":[70],"statistics,":[71],"Mann\u2013Whitney":[73],"U":[74],"test,":[75,77],"Kruskal\u2013Wallis":[76],"pairwise":[79],"comparisons.":[80],"Results":[81],"revealed":[82],"generally":[83],"favorable":[84],"perceptions,":[86],"with":[87,154],"growth":[89,133],"receiving":[90],"highest":[92],"mean":[93],"(M":[94,104,109,118],"=":[95,105,110,119,128,138],"3.54),":[96],"followed":[97],"by":[98,193],"accumulation":[103],"3.48),":[106],"status":[108],"3.45),":[111],"support":[117,187],"3.42).":[120],"Significant":[121],"differences":[122,151],"emerged":[123],"across":[124,145],"dimensions":[126],"(p":[127,137],"0.012),":[129],"particularly":[130],"between":[131],"0.011).":[139],"Seasonal":[140],"earnings":[141],"significantly":[142],"differentiated":[143],"assessments":[144],"all":[146],"four":[147],"dimensions,":[148],"while":[149],"associated":[153],"age,":[155],"education,":[156],"role,":[158],"accreditation":[160],"or":[161],"association":[162],"membership.":[163],"The":[164],"concluded":[166],"that":[167],"opportunities":[170],"did":[171],"not":[172],"translate":[173],"equally":[174],"into":[175],"long-term":[176],"financial":[177,181],"security.":[178],"Livelihood":[179],"diversification,":[180],"literacy,":[182],"accessible":[183],"accreditation,":[184],"off-season":[186],"programs":[188],"are":[189],"recommended.":[190],"Although":[191],"limited":[192],"self-reported":[194],"data":[195],"geographical":[197],"coverage,":[198],"findings":[200],"provide":[201],"evidence":[202],"for":[203],"community-centered":[204],"planning.":[206],"Supporting":[207],"Sustainable":[208],"Development":[209],"Goals":[210],"8,":[211],"11,":[212],"17,":[214],"contributes":[217],"to":[218],"sustainable":[219],"development,":[221],"coastal":[222],"community":[223],"resilience,":[224],"stakeholder":[226],"collaboration.":[227]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2026-11-11T00:00:00"}