{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225755899","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44378-026-00373-z","title":"Assessment of soil salinity in hot humid coastal ecoregion of Konkan zone Raigad district of Maharashtra India","display_name":"Assessment of soil salinity in hot humid coastal ecoregion of Konkan zone Raigad district of Maharashtra India","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225755899","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44378-026-00373-z"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44378-026-00373-z","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44378-026-00373-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44378-026-00373-z","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4404676319","display_name":"Discover Soil.","issn_l":"3005-1223","issn":["3005-1223"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317082","host_organization_name":"Academy of Medicine, Singapore","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317082"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Academy of Medicine, Singapore"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discover Soil","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44378-026-00373-z","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161417077","display_name":"Ajinkya R. Gaikwad","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799533726","display_name":"Dr. Balasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth","ror":"https://ror.org/03gb3sn92","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799533726"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ajinkya R. Gaikwad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, College of Agriculture, Dr. Babasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth, Ratnagiri, Dapoli, Maharashtra, 415712, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, College of Agriculture, Dr. Babasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth, Ratnagiri, Dapoli, Maharashtra, 415712, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799533726"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111265219","display_name":"Manoj Ramdas Wahane","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8829-3375","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8829-3375"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799533726","display_name":"Dr. Balasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth","ror":"https://ror.org/03gb3sn92","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799533726"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Manoj R. Wahane","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, College of Agriculture, Dr. Babasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth, Ratnagiri, Dapoli, Maharashtra, 415712, India","Khar Land Research Station, Dr. Babasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth, Raigad, Panvel, Maharashtra, 410206, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8829-3375","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, College of Agriculture, Dr. Babasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth, Ratnagiri, Dapoli, Maharashtra, 415712, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799533726"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Khar Land Research Station, Dr. Babasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth, Raigad, Panvel, Maharashtra, 410206, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799533726"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061382576","display_name":"Nitin Khobragade","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799533726","display_name":"Dr. Balasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth","ror":"https://ror.org/03gb3sn92","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799533726"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nitin H. Khobragade","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, College of Agriculture, Dr. Babasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth, Ratnagiri, Dapoli, Maharashtra, 415712, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, College of Agriculture, Dr. Babasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth, Ratnagiri, Dapoli, Maharashtra, 415712, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799533726"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161417179","display_name":"Pravin B. Bansode","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799533726","display_name":"Dr. Balasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth","ror":"https://ror.org/03gb3sn92","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799533726"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pravin B. Bansode","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Soil and Water Conservation Engineering, College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Dr. Babasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth, Ratnagiri, Dapoli, Maharashtra, 415712, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Soil and Water Conservation Engineering, College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Dr. Babasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth, Ratnagiri, Dapoli, Maharashtra, 415712, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799533726"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077198880","display_name":"Sagar Nandulal Ingle","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0674-0101","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0674-0101"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800696116","display_name":"Bihar Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/0531dpd42","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800696116"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sagar N. Ingle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Soil Science, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur, Bihar, 813210, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0674-0101","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Soil Science, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur, Bihar, 813210, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800696116"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025113475","display_name":"Jagdish Prasad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1957-0244","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1957-0244","https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6967-8982"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162299","display_name":"ICAR-National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning","ror":"https://ror.org/05vm7ws26","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179420787","https://openalex.org/I4210162299"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jagdish Prasad","raw_affiliation_strings":["ICAR\u2013National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Nagpur, Maharashtra, 440033, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1957-0244","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ICAR\u2013National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Nagpur, Maharashtra, 440033, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162299"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111265219"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799533726"],"apc_list":{"value":0,"currency":"USD","value_usd":0},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12710","display_name":"Engineering and Agricultural Innovations","score":0.9564999938011169,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12710","display_name":"Engineering and Agricultural Innovations","score":0.9564999938011169,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14468","display_name":"Plant Ecology and Soil Science","score":0.014800000004470348,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12792","display_name":"Soil Management and Crop Yield","score":0.002899999963119626,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141650431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q754836","display_name":"Soil salinity","level":3,"score":0.7627999782562256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129513315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179615","display_name":"Salinity","level":2,"score":0.7185999751091003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776332401","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7553296","display_name":"Sodium adsorption ratio","level":4,"score":0.6712999939918518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20529654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1247456","display_name":"Topsoil","level":3,"score":0.6155999898910522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.574999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107872376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355","display_name":"Environmental chemistry","level":1,"score":0.4722000062465668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C537181965","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q658","display_name":"Sodium","level":2,"score":0.44850000739097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121923324","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q681004","display_name":"Subsoil","level":3,"score":0.4194999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90982505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16938886","display_name":"Leaching (pedology)","level":3,"score":0.39320001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777397205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275792","display_name":"Saline","level":2,"score":0.37529999017715454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9930424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7426587","display_name":"Saturation (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.35409998893737793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150873635","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6508297","display_name":"Leaching model","level":4,"score":0.3402999937534332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.33880001306533813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159390177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9161265","display_name":"Soil science","level":1,"score":0.3312000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50516716","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q877107","display_name":"Soil test","level":3,"score":0.33070001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76886044","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2883300","display_name":"Hydrology (agriculture)","level":2,"score":0.3262999951839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.3156999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159750122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96621023","display_name":"Soil water","level":2,"score":0.3109000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132594454","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2002254","display_name":"Saltwater intrusion","level":4,"score":0.29899999499320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775845107","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q754836","display_name":"Sodic soil","level":3,"score":0.2953999936580658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7616482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q332788","display_name":"Halophyte","level":3,"score":0.29269999265670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198072978","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q565649","display_name":"Soil pH","level":3,"score":0.29170000553131104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110872660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37813","display_name":"Ecosystem","level":2,"score":0.29089999198913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16704694","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q496805","display_name":"Saline water","level":3,"score":0.2906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71482194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5309707","display_name":"Dryland salinity","level":5,"score":0.2793999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67715294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170321","display_name":"Wetland","level":2,"score":0.2757999897003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156634047","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q878214","display_name":"Soil horizon","level":3,"score":0.27059999108314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152494472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q386963","display_name":"Soil classification","level":3,"score":0.26669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45812177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432016","display_name":"Alkalinity","level":2,"score":0.2628999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88862950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11453","display_name":"Irrigation","level":2,"score":0.26100000739097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155843905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q431543","display_name":"Parent material","level":3,"score":0.2524000108242035}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44378-026-00373-z","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44378-026-00373-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44378-026-00373-z","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4404676319","display_name":"Discover Soil.","issn_l":"3005-1223","issn":["3005-1223"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317082","host_organization_name":"Academy of Medicine, Singapore","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317082"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Academy of Medicine, Singapore"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discover Soil","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44378-026-00373-z","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44378-026-00373-z","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44378-026-00373-z","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4404676319","display_name":"Discover Soil.","issn_l":"3005-1223","issn":["3005-1223"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317082","host_organization_name":"Academy of Medicine, Singapore","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317082"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Academy of Medicine, Singapore"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Discover Soil","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2005786949","https://openalex.org/W2006199913","https://openalex.org/W2023350458","https://openalex.org/W2025082030","https://openalex.org/W2040580498","https://openalex.org/W2090872421","https://openalex.org/W2094131247","https://openalex.org/W2171429826","https://openalex.org/W2586075275","https://openalex.org/W2741856310","https://openalex.org/W2791577392","https://openalex.org/W2801969138","https://openalex.org/W2948014724","https://openalex.org/W2950626785","https://openalex.org/W2963568551","https://openalex.org/W2982446288","https://openalex.org/W3023437601","https://openalex.org/W3041666978","https://openalex.org/W3047797574","https://openalex.org/W3102304033","https://openalex.org/W3109819306","https://openalex.org/W4200513536","https://openalex.org/W4255655703","https://openalex.org/W4283812003","https://openalex.org/W4309778892","https://openalex.org/W4312267841","https://openalex.org/W4378620169","https://openalex.org/W4401250716","https://openalex.org/W4403396478","https://openalex.org/W4414166929","https://openalex.org/W7114920582","https://openalex.org/W7203633371"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Coastal":[0],"soil":[1,28,86,105],"salinization":[2,244],"driven":[3],"by":[4],"sea-level":[5],"rise":[6],"and":[7,18,39,49,51,56,81,135,141,163,174,214,217,231,256,291],"changing":[8],"climate":[9],"patterns":[10],"is":[11],"a":[12,153,272,276],"serious":[13],"threat":[14],"to":[15,68,73,96,113,280,294],"agricultural":[16],"productivity":[17],"wetland":[19],"ecosystems":[20],"worldwide.":[21],"This":[22],"study":[23],"evaluated":[24],"temporal":[25],"variations":[26],"in":[27,138,243],"salinity":[29,121,221,266],"across":[30,126],"seven":[31],"coastal":[32,299],"locations,":[33],"namely":[34],"low":[35],"saline":[36,42,46,53,140,143],"(Sites":[37,47,54],"6":[38],"7),":[40],"moderately":[41,97],"(Site":[43],"3),":[44],"very":[45,139],"4":[48],"5),":[50],"strongly":[52,142,196],"1":[55],"2).":[57],"Monthly":[58],"topsoil":[59],"samples":[60],"(0\u201315":[61],"cm)":[62],"were":[63],"collected":[64],"from":[65,92,111],"May":[66],"2024":[67],"April":[69],"2025":[70],"using":[71],"GPS":[72],"assess":[74],"climate-induced":[75],"processes":[76],"influencing":[77],"salt":[78,172],"accumulation,":[79],"leaching,":[80,261],"redistribution.":[82],"Soil":[83],"pH":[84],"of":[85,104,132,148,156,187,260,298],"saturation":[87,106],"paste":[88,107],"(pHe)":[89],"extract":[90,108],"ranged":[91],"slightly":[93],"acidic":[94],"(6.58)":[95],"alkaline":[98],"(8.49),":[99],"while":[100],"the":[101,128,188,219,296],"electrical":[102],"conductivity":[103],"(ECe)":[109],"varied":[110],"5.68":[112],"65.29":[114],"dS":[115],"m":[116],"\u20131":[117],",":[118],"with":[119,197,254],"peak":[120],"observed":[122],"during":[123,165],"dry":[124,166],"months":[125],"all":[127],"sites.":[129],"Elevated":[130],"concentrations":[131],"soluble":[133,257],"sodium":[134,203,205,232],"chloride":[136],"ions":[137],"sites":[144],"showed":[145,182,235,251],"significant":[146],"intrusion":[147],"creek":[149],"water.":[150],"There":[151],"was":[152,194],"higher":[154,263],"content":[155],"potassium,":[157,209,227],"calcium,":[158,201,210],"magnesium,":[159,211],"chloride,":[160,212],"sulphate,":[161],"carbonate,":[162],"bicarbonate":[164],"periods,":[167],"whereas":[168,262],"wet":[169],"seasons":[170],"promoted":[171],"leaching":[173],"reduced":[175],"Na\u207a":[176],"levels.":[177],"Principal":[178],"Component":[179],"Analysis":[180],"(PCA)":[181],"that":[183,249],"PC1":[184],"explained":[185],"38%":[186],"overall":[189],"variance":[190],"(eigenvalue":[191],"8.36),":[192],"which":[193],"associated":[195],"ECe,":[198],"exchangeable":[199,202,226,229],"sodium,":[200],"percentage,":[204,230],"adsorption":[206,233],"ratio,":[207],"water-soluble":[208,228],"sulphur":[213],"available":[215],"sulphur,":[216],"described":[218],"major":[220,241],"variation.":[222],"However,":[223],"rainfall,":[224],"pHe,":[225],"ratio":[234],"strong":[236],"negative":[237,252],"loadings,":[238],"highlighting":[239],"their":[240],"role":[242],"dynamics.":[245],"Spearman\u2019s":[246],"correlation":[247],"confirmed":[248],"rainfall":[250],"relationship":[253],"ECe":[255],"salts":[258],"because":[259],"temperatures":[264],"increased":[265],"through":[267],"evaporation.":[268],"These":[269],"results":[270],"provide":[271],"scientific":[273],"basis":[274],"for":[275],"management":[277],"approach":[278],"tailored":[279],"particular":[281],"sites,":[282],"such":[283],"as":[284],"salt-tolerant":[285],"crops,":[286],"enhanced":[287],"drainage,":[288],"residues":[289],"management,":[290],"organic":[292],"amendments,":[293],"support":[295],"resilience":[297],"agro-ecosystems":[300],"within":[301],"varying":[302],"climatic":[303],"environments.":[304]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2026-11-11T00:00:00"}