{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225754529","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11230268/v1","title":"Structural, Morphological, and Magnetic Properties of Ni\u2013Zr Co- Substituted Cadmium Ferrite Nanoparticles Synthesized via Microwave- Assisted Sol\u2013Gel Combustion","display_name":"Structural, Morphological, and Magnetic Properties of Ni\u2013Zr Co- Substituted Cadmium Ferrite Nanoparticles Synthesized via Microwave- Assisted Sol\u2013Gel Combustion","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225754529","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11230268/v1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-11230268/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11230268/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11230268/v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11230268/v1","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161373055","display_name":"Pushpdas Gajbhiye","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133978751","display_name":"Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University","ror":"https://ror.org/04esgv207","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133978751"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pushpdas Gajbhiye","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133978751"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071650417","display_name":"Shilpa A. Pande","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6105-8191","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6105-8191"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shilpa A. Pande","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laxminarayan Innovation Technological University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laxminarayan Innovation Technological University","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133532925","display_name":"K. G. Rewatkar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133978751","display_name":"Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University","ror":"https://ror.org/04esgv207","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133978751"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. G. Rewatkar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133978751"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10922","display_name":"Magnetic Properties and Synthesis of Ferrites","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10922","display_name":"Magnetic Properties and Synthesis of Ferrites","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10090","display_name":"ZnO doping and properties","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10607","display_name":"Magnetic and transport properties of perovskites and related materials","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2504","display_name":"Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.7678999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137637335","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899604","display_name":"Crystallite","level":2,"score":0.6870999932289124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776230739","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191310","display_name":"Spinel","level":2,"score":0.6671000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113196181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485223","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry (journal)","level":2,"score":0.5662999749183655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132612359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q625641","display_name":"Lattice constant","level":3,"score":0.5397999882698059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37210646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5105088","display_name":"Ferrite (magnet)","level":2,"score":0.5020999908447266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155672457","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61231","display_name":"Nanoparticle","level":2,"score":0.4887999892234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26771246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321095","display_name":"Scanning electron microscope","level":2,"score":0.48750001192092896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207114421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133900","display_name":"Diffraction","level":2,"score":0.42570000886917114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153946474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333921","display_name":"Magnetometer","level":3,"score":0.39430001378059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87023908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3870166","display_name":"Magnetic nanoparticles","level":3,"score":0.3921999931335449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126530901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432635","display_name":"Coercivity","level":2,"score":0.3874000012874603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147438087","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q386334","display_name":"Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy","level":3,"score":0.3849000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32546565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856711","display_name":"Magnetization","level":3,"score":0.38040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187530423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7140503","display_name":"Particle size","level":2,"score":0.34389999508857727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47908070","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900515","display_name":"Grain boundary","level":3,"score":0.33550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2182769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62500","display_name":"Ionic bonding","level":3,"score":0.329800009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54998646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q908801","display_name":"Ionic radius","level":3,"score":0.32199999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23792430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1122780","display_name":"Superparamagnetism","level":4,"score":0.31779998540878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32891209","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483666","display_name":"Spectroscopy","level":2,"score":0.31439998745918274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192191005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466491","display_name":"Grain size","level":2,"score":0.3098999857902527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776569586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q196661","display_name":"Cadmium oxide","level":3,"score":0.3075999915599823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.30489999055862427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138999460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q787619","display_name":"Solid solution","level":2,"score":0.3009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95121573","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190474","display_name":"Activation energy","level":2,"score":0.29190000891685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46141821","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209402","display_name":"Nuclear magnetic resonance","level":1,"score":0.2904999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8010536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160398","display_name":"Crystallography","level":1,"score":0.2903999984264374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24444364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q473227","display_name":"Cubic crystal system","level":2,"score":0.2770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199289684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83353","display_name":"Mineralogy","level":1,"score":0.2565000057220459}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-11230268/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11230268/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11230268/v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-11230268/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11230268/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11230268/v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2746536269","https://openalex.org/W2767918913","https://openalex.org/W2911789985","https://openalex.org/W2923725787","https://openalex.org/W2943064148","https://openalex.org/W2945951732","https://openalex.org/W3006964256","https://openalex.org/W3014853802","https://openalex.org/W3041270190","https://openalex.org/W3113299722","https://openalex.org/W4220973074","https://openalex.org/W4315782271","https://openalex.org/W4376868920","https://openalex.org/W4378188437","https://openalex.org/W4387345303","https://openalex.org/W4388947954","https://openalex.org/W4412043772","https://openalex.org/W4413334993","https://openalex.org/W4413963569","https://openalex.org/W7164863318"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Cadmium-based":[1],"spinel":[2,93],"ferrite":[3,287],"nanoparticles":[4,288,295],"with":[5,80,102,138,168,189,223],"Ni":[6,151],"and":[7,28,46,53,153,203,219,259,282,302],"Zr":[8,154],"co-substitution,":[9,73],"having":[10],"the":[11,40,51,67,103,146,176,212,215,224,280,290],"target":[12],"composition":[13,221,292],"CdFe":[14,130],"2\u2212x":[15],"(Ni,":[16],"Zr)":[17],"x/2":[18],"O":[19,132],"4":[20,133],"(x":[21],"=":[22,251],"0.0,":[23],"0.2,":[24],"0.4,":[25],"0.6,":[26],"0.8,":[27],"1.0),":[29],"were":[30],"synthesized":[31],"via":[32],"a":[33,220,263],"microwave-assisted":[34],"sol\u2013gel":[35],"combustion":[36],"technique.":[37],"to":[38,135,142,164,199],"investigate":[39],"combined":[41],"influence":[42],"of":[43,56,60,70,110,114,150,214,285],"magnetic":[44,54,204,237,283,301],"(Ni\u00b2\u207a)":[45],"non-magnetic":[47],"(Zr\u2074\u207a)":[48],"cations":[49],"on":[50],"structural":[52,281],"characteristics":[55],"CdFe\u2082O\u2084.":[57],"The":[58,120,157,266],"novelty":[59],"this":[61],"work":[62],"lies":[63],"in":[64,84,106],"systematically":[65],"exploring":[66],"synergistic":[68],"effect":[69],"simultaneous":[71,271],"Ni\u2013Zr":[72,272],"which":[74],"has":[75],"received":[76],"limited":[77],"attention":[78],"compared":[79],"individual":[81],"cation":[82],"substitution":[83,257],"cadmium":[85,286],"ferrites.":[86],"X-ray":[87,208],"diffraction":[88,112],"(XRD)":[89],"analysis":[90,174],"confirmed":[91,175,211],"cubic":[92,115],"structures":[94],"(space":[95,117],"group":[96,118],"Fd3\u0305m)":[97],"for":[98,239,278,299],"initial":[99],"composition.":[100],"However,":[101],"systematic":[104],"increase":[105],"Ni-Zr":[107],"substitution,":[108,140],"appearance":[109],"secondary":[111],"peaks":[113],"CdO":[116],"Fm-3m).":[119],"average":[121],"crystallite":[122],"size":[123,148],"progressively":[124],"decreased":[125,160],"from":[126,145,161],"29":[127],"nm":[128,137],"(pure":[129],"2":[131],")":[134],"21":[136],"increasing":[139],"attributed":[141],"enhanced":[143],"microstrain":[144],"ionic":[147],"mismatch":[149],"2+":[152],"4+":[155],".":[156],"lattice":[158],"constant":[159],"8.70":[162],"\u00c5":[163],"8.39":[165],"\u00c5,":[166],"consistent":[167,222],"Vegard's":[169],"law.":[170],"Williamson\u2013Hall":[171],"(W-H)":[172],"plot":[173],"strain-broadening":[177],"effect.":[178],"Scanning":[179],"Electron":[180],"Microscopy":[181],"(SEM)":[182],"micrographs":[183],"revealed":[184],"nearly":[185],"spherical":[186],"particle":[187],"morphology":[188],"homogeneous":[190],"grain":[191],"distribution,":[192],"while":[193],"inter-particle":[194],"agglomeration":[195],"was":[196],"observed":[197],"due":[198],"high":[200],"surface":[201],"energy":[202],"interactions.":[205],"Energy":[206],"Dispersive":[207],"(EDX)":[209],"spectroscopy":[210],"presence":[213],"intended":[216],"constituent":[217],"elements":[218],"nominal":[225],"stoichiometry.":[226],"Vibrating":[227],"Sample":[228],"Magnetometer":[229],"(VSM)":[230],"measurements":[231],"at":[232,246,249,255],"room":[233],"temperature":[234],"showed":[235],"soft":[236,300],"behavior":[238],"all":[240],"compositions;":[241],"saturation":[242],"magnetization":[243],"(Ms)":[244],"peaked":[245],"0.267":[247],"emu/g":[248],"x":[250],"0.6":[252],"before":[253],"declining":[254],"higher":[256],"levels,":[258],"coercivity":[260],"(Hc)":[261],"displayed":[262],"non-monotonic":[264],"trend.":[265],"present":[267],"results":[268],"demonstrate":[269],"that":[270],"co-substitution":[273],"provides":[274],"an":[275],"effective":[276],"approach":[277],"tailoring":[279],"properties":[284],"within":[289],"investigated":[291],"range.":[293],"These":[294],"are":[296],"promising":[297],"candidates":[298],"microwave":[303],"absorption":[304],"applications.":[305]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2026-11-11T00:00:00"}
