{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225753981","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24115270","title":"Lashed, Pegged, or Notched: Computed Strengths for Timber Joints Without Metal, and a Selection Rule","display_name":"Lashed, Pegged, or Notched: Computed Strengths for Timber Joints Without Metal, and a Selection Rule","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225753981","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24115270"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24115270","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24115270","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24115270","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24115270","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159396451","display_name":"William Alexander Aldred","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Aldred, William Alexander","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1215-577X","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5159396451"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10484","display_name":"Wood Treatment and Properties","score":0.9595000147819519,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10484","display_name":"Wood Treatment and Properties","score":0.9595000147819519,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10713","display_name":"Structural Load-Bearing Analysis","score":0.006300000008195639,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13031","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering Research","score":0.006099999882280827,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.649399995803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186068551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13255585","display_name":"Tension (geology)","level":3,"score":0.557200014591217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96035792","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43606218","display_name":"Shear (geology)","level":2,"score":0.5512999892234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18555067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8375051","display_name":"Joint (building)","level":2,"score":0.492900013923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155723203","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1077037","display_name":"Bolted joint","level":3,"score":0.478300005197525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70673446","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857244","display_name":"Bending moment","level":2,"score":0.4715000092983246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.44760000705718994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22140971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7492174","display_name":"Shear force","level":2,"score":0.3912999927997589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195268267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1928883","display_name":"Slip (aerodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.37790000438690186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87210426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1072476","display_name":"Bending","level":2,"score":0.3644999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5475335","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7261145","display_name":"Pure bending","level":3,"score":0.31459999084472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.30489999055862427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780312720","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5689100","display_name":"Head (geology)","level":2,"score":0.2750999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.26350000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.25060001015663147}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24115270","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24115270","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24115270","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24115271","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24115271","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24115271","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24115270","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24115270","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24115270","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Timber":[0],"can":[1],"be":[2,319],"joined":[3,320],"without":[4],"any":[5,408],"metal":[6],"at":[7,377],"all,":[8],"by":[9,15,22,52,169,176],"lashing":[10,100,391],"members":[11,317],"together":[12],"with":[13,251],"rope,":[14],"driving":[16],"wooden":[17],"pegs":[18],"through":[19,355],"them,":[20],"or":[21,44,304,324,333,432],"cutting":[23],"one":[24,192,341],"member":[25,108,155,199,239],"to":[26,241,286,322,437],"fit":[27],"into":[28,81,197],"a":[29,82,105,152,198,236,272,281,289,295,351,356,359,364,374,384,390,404,424,438],"notch":[30,190,233,258,290,385],"in":[31,113,118,120,139,151,159,165,178,221,224,248,262,310,314,358,429],"the":[32,57,76,136,172,179,183,195,204,215,218,228,232,257,292,300,346,369,372,398,419,433,441],"other.":[33],"Builders":[34],"who":[35],"work":[36],"where":[37,291,316,440],"nails,":[38],"bolts":[39],"and":[40,70,74,91,115,123,162,223,276,299,313,337,389],"plates":[41],"are":[42,213],"scarce":[43],"absent":[45],"choose":[46],"between":[47],"these":[48,410],"three":[49,77,219,347],"families":[50,138,220],"largely":[51],"habit.":[53],"This":[54],"paper":[55],"computes":[56],"working":[58],"capacity":[59,126],"of":[60,79,101,133,147,194,203,217,254,274,283,345,366,371,407,409,426],"each":[61],"family,":[62],"under":[63],"stated":[64],"assumptions,":[65],"for":[66,68,71,181,330,403],"tension,":[67],"shear":[69,161,170,312,336],"bending":[72,207,353],"moment,":[73],"turns":[75,103],"sets":[78],"numbers":[80],"selection":[83,265],"rule.":[84],"The":[85,264,412],"study":[86],"is":[87,127,186,234,269,280,302,348,421,435,443],"simulated,":[88],"not":[89,271,401],"measured,":[90],"no":[92],"joint":[93,357,434],"described":[94],"here":[95,268],"has":[96],"been":[97],"load-tested.":[98],"A":[99,143,189],"10":[102],"on":[104],"100":[106,153,360],"mm":[107,149,154,238,253,361,379],"resists":[109],"only":[110,201,329],"2.1":[111],"kN":[112,117,158,164,247,261],"slip":[114],"4.2":[116],"tension":[119,222,249,303],"this":[121],"model,":[122],"its":[124,210],"moment":[125,354,420,442],"0.105":[128,393],"kNm":[129,368,388],"\u2014":[130],"an":[131],"order":[132],"magnitude":[134],"below":[135],"other":[137],"every":[140],"load":[141,284,301,342],"case.":[142],"single":[144,160],"hardwood":[145],"peg":[146,173,375],"25":[148],"diameter":[150],"carries":[156,245],"4.42":[157],"8.84":[163],"double":[166,311],"shear,":[167,226],"governed":[168],"across":[171],"rather":[174],"than":[175],"bearing":[177],"member,":[180],"which":[182],"corresponding":[184],"figure":[185],"15.0":[187],"kN.":[188],"cut":[191],"quarter":[193],"depth":[196,243],"retains":[200],"56.2%":[202],"member's":[205],"unnotched":[206],"capacity,":[208],"but":[209],"remaining":[211],"capacities":[212],"still":[214,244],"largest":[216],"direct":[225,305],"provided":[227],"shear-out":[229,297],"length":[230,298],"beyond":[231,256],"generous:":[235],"150":[237],"notched":[240],"that":[242,396,418],"135.0":[246],"and,":[250],"200":[252,378],"wood":[255],"root,":[259],"33.0":[260],"shear-out.":[263],"rule":[266],"originated":[267],"therefore":[270],"ranking":[273],"good":[275],"bad":[277],"joints.":[278,411],"It":[279],"matching":[282],"case":[285,343,397],"mechanism:":[287],"use":[288,307,327],"geometry":[293,413],"allows":[294],"long":[296],"shear;":[306],"pegs,":[308],"preferably":[309],"groups,":[315],"must":[318,415],"face":[321,323],"taken":[325],"apart;":[326],"lashings":[328],"light,":[331],"temporary,":[332],"easily":[334],"inspected":[335],"positioning":[338],"loads.":[339],"For":[340],"none":[344],"adequate:":[349],"transferring":[350],"substantial":[352],"member.":[362],"Against":[363],"demand":[365],"2":[367],"best":[370],"three,":[373],"pair":[376,425],"spacing,":[380],"offers":[381,386,392],"1.502":[382],"kNm,":[383],"0.938":[387],"kNm.":[394],"In":[395],"builder":[399],"should":[400],"search":[402],"stronger":[405],"version":[406],"itself":[414],"change,":[416],"so":[417],"carried":[422],"as":[423],"opposite":[427],"forces":[428],"triangulated":[430],"members,":[431],"moved":[436],"point":[439],"small.":[444]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2026-11-11T00:00:00"}
