{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225751077","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9374356/v1","title":"Worst-case Analysis for Fixed-wing Aircraft Automated Landing based on Counter Optimization","display_name":"Worst-case Analysis for Fixed-wing Aircraft Automated Landing based on Counter Optimization","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225751077","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9374356/v1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-9374356/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9374356/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9374356/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-9374356/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-9374356/latest.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161379485","display_name":"Yuanyuan Hao","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuanyuan Hao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Jiao Tong University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002961378","display_name":"Xuanyu Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3092-5728","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3092-5728"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuanyu Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Jiao Tong University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101911247","display_name":"Shen Kang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3921-7931","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3921-7931"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194716290","display_name":"China Academy of Space Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/025397a59","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194716290","https://openalex.org/I2802615301"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shen Kang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Galactic Energy Space Technology Co., Ltd"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Galactic Energy Space Technology Co., Ltd","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194716290"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077586145","display_name":"Florian Holzapfel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4733-9186","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4733-9186"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Florian Holzapfel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026632393","display_name":"Haichao Hong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2410-2469","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2410-2469"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haichao Hong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Jiao Tong University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161390785","display_name":"Shiqiang Hu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shiqiang Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Jiao Tong University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13855","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering and Control Systems","score":0.6298999786376953,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13855","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering and Control Systems","score":0.6298999786376953,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12125","display_name":"Aerospace and Aviation Technology","score":0.3149000108242035,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11489","display_name":"Air Traffic Management and Optimization","score":0.025800000876188278,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26572238","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1197176","display_name":"Airspeed","level":2,"score":0.7376000285148621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779860262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q650807","display_name":"Touchdown","level":2,"score":0.6991999745368958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85617194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2072794","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","level":2,"score":0.5002999901771545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.48260000348091125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19499675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232207","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","level":2,"score":0.3917999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.38339999318122864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.38280001282691956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.3621000051498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.3621000051498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.35839998722076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777601987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5283581","display_name":"Disturbance (geology)","level":2,"score":0.34599998593330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780898871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Performance metric","level":2,"score":0.33410000801086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.3174000084400177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161067210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1464943","display_name":"Wind speed","level":2,"score":0.31679999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72898154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q458038","display_name":"Flight envelope","level":3,"score":0.29829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13393347","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8424","display_name":"Aerodynamics","level":2,"score":0.2883000075817108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781439067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5986479","display_name":"Icing","level":2,"score":0.28529998660087585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.27790001034736633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78600449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43302","display_name":"Wind power","level":2,"score":0.2777999937534332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776381931","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5567059","display_name":"Flight planning","level":2,"score":0.272599995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52421305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1151499","display_name":"Particle filter","level":3,"score":0.26899999380111694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205711294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176953","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","level":2,"score":0.2612999975681305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.2583000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182365436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50701","display_name":"Variable (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.25769999623298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68781425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2052203","display_name":"Multi-objective optimization","level":2,"score":0.2540999948978424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.25200000405311584}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-9374356/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9374356/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9374356/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-9374356/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-9374356/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9374356/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9374356/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-9374356/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225751077.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225751077.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Automated":[1],"landing":[2,53,78,120],"of":[3,14,73,126],"fixed-wing":[4],"aircraft":[5],"is":[6,17,63,101,115,130],"inevitably":[7],"affected":[8],"by":[9],"wind":[10,48,61,110],"disturbances.":[11],"The":[12,108],"evaluation":[13],"operational":[15],"safety":[16],"often":[18],"performed":[19],"using":[20,103],"Monte":[21],"Carlo":[22],"methods,":[23],"yet":[24],"they":[25],"are":[26],"inefficient":[27],"at":[28],"identifying":[29],"the":[30,34,46,51,59,66,127],"worst-case":[31,47,109],"scenario":[32],"rendering":[33],"resulting":[35],"performance":[36,128],"boundaries":[37,129],"unreliable.":[38],"To":[39],"this":[40,42],"end,":[41],"work":[43],"directly":[44],"identifies":[45],"disturbance":[49,62],"against":[50],"safe":[52],"based":[54],"on":[55],"counter":[56],"optimization.":[57],"Specifically,":[58],"three-dimensional":[60],"treated":[64],"as":[65],"decision":[67],"variable":[68],"to":[69],"maximize":[70],"a":[71,118],"set":[72],"error":[74],"metrics":[75,81],"that":[76,100],"quantify":[77],"performance.":[79],"These":[80],"include":[82],"lateral":[83],"deviation,":[84,86],"longitudinal":[85],"airspeed":[87],"error,":[88],"and":[89],"touchdown":[90],"sink":[91],"rate.":[92],"Maximizing":[93],"each":[94,113],"metric":[95,114],"formulates":[96],"an":[97],"optimization":[98],"problem":[99],"solved":[102],"Particle":[104],"Swarm":[105],"Optimization":[106],"(PSO).":[107],"profile":[111],"for":[112,117],"identified":[116],"given":[119],"reference":[121],"trajectory.":[122],"A":[123],"comprehensive":[124],"understanding":[125],"therefore":[131],"formed.":[132]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2026-11-11T00:00:00"}