{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225750910","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14445/22315381/ijett-v74i10p136","title":"An Approach to Managing Chillers for Air Conditioning Systems in Shopping Malls in Thailand","display_name":"An Approach to Managing Chillers for Air Conditioning Systems in Shopping Malls in Thailand","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225750910","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14445/22315381/ijett-v74i10p136"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.14445/22315381/ijett-v74i10p136","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14445/22315381/ijett-v74i10p136","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.14445/22315381/ijett-v74i10p136","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210182968","display_name":"International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology","issn_l":"2231-5381","issn":["2231-5381","2349-0918"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["poland-20"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161409411","display_name":"Surasak Kaewjuntar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Surasak Kaewjuntar","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065752562","display_name":"Pongsakorn Kachapongkun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6902-0187","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6902-0187"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pongsakorn Kachapongkun","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5140683131","display_name":"Sirichai Jirawongnuson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sirichai Jirawongnuson","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"74","issue":"10","first_page":"518","last_page":"529"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10121","display_name":"Building Energy and Comfort Optimization","score":0.7865999937057495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10121","display_name":"Building Energy and Comfort Optimization","score":0.7865999937057495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11529","display_name":"Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Technologies","score":0.18289999663829803,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13263","display_name":"Building energy efficiency and sustainability","score":0.017899999395012856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103742991","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173725","display_name":"Air conditioning","level":2,"score":0.7206000089645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206658404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12725","display_name":"Electricity","level":2,"score":0.6935999989509583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41291067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1897785","display_name":"Photovoltaic system","level":2,"score":0.6431000232696533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776678367","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31374404","display_name":"Shopping mall","level":2,"score":0.5609999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5489000082015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134560507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753291","display_name":"Environmental economics","level":1,"score":0.5059999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30772137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164762","display_name":"Consumption (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.4959000051021576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69907114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747713","display_name":"Refrigeration","level":2,"score":0.492000013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126172416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1774424","display_name":"Carbon neutrality","level":3,"score":0.4740000069141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.44110000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530467964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1997","display_name":"Carbon dioxide","level":2,"score":0.41280001401901245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4638862","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1501558","display_name":"Chiller","level":2,"score":0.40380001068115234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87717796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146326","display_name":"Environmental engineering","level":1,"score":0.3698999881744385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.3531000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production (economics)","level":2,"score":0.3495999872684479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.3434000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122637931","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118084","display_name":"Unit (ring theory)","level":2,"score":0.33649998903274536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.32690000534057617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781099182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24963825","display_name":"Cooling load","level":3,"score":0.32269999384880066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542589376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192127","display_name":"Photovoltaics","level":3,"score":0.3091000020503998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3034999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110455383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1497383","display_name":"Building-integrated photovoltaics","level":3,"score":0.2948000133037567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C541104983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40015","display_name":"Solar energy","level":2,"score":0.2858999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779581858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9049677","display_name":"Neutrality","level":2,"score":0.27880001068115234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47737302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167336","display_name":"Greenhouse gas","level":2,"score":0.26980000734329224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123516432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q572309","display_name":"Chilled water","level":3,"score":0.26649999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986689482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1806775","display_name":"Peak load","level":2,"score":0.263700008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C423512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q383973","display_name":"Electricity generation","level":3,"score":0.26269999146461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140205800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5860","display_name":"Carbon fibers","level":3,"score":0.26100000739097595}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.14445/22315381/ijett-v74i10p136","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14445/22315381/ijett-v74i10p136","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.14445/22315381/ijett-v74i10p136","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210182968","display_name":"International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology","issn_l":"2231-5381","issn":["2231-5381","2349-0918"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["poland-20"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,55,84,98,137,174],"effective":[1,171],"management":[2],"of":[3,25,48,59,72,81,141,153,176,181],"air":[4,114],"conditioning":[5,115],"systems":[6,19,117,164],"is":[7,145,169],"imperative":[8],"for":[9,22,108,165,203],"achieving":[10],"carbon":[11,110,150,186,205],"neutrality":[12,111],"in":[13,35,112,149,209],"large-scale":[14,210],"shopping":[15,33,86,211],"malls,":[16],"as":[17,37],"these":[18],"are":[20],"responsible":[21],"approximately":[23,191],"60\u201380%":[24],"overall":[26],"electricity":[27,139,167],"consumption.":[28],"This":[29],"study":[30],"investigates":[31],"three":[32,85],"malls":[34,87],"Thailand":[36],"case":[38],"studies,":[39],"employing":[40],"reference":[41],"data":[42],"obtained":[43],"from":[44,93],"the":[45,49,60,194],"mandatory":[46],"implementation":[47],"Thai":[50],"Building":[51],"Energy":[52],"Code":[53],"(BEC).":[54],"external":[56],"climatic":[57],"conditions":[58],"investigated":[61],"area":[62],"can":[63],"be":[64],"represented":[65],"by":[66,128,190],"a":[67,76,177],"maximum":[68,77],"average":[69,78],"dry-bulb":[70],"temperature":[71,80],"33":[73],"\u00b0C":[74],"and":[75,124],"wet-bulb":[79],"27":[82],"\u00b0C.":[83],"contain":[88],"gross":[89],"floor":[90,135],"areas":[91],"varying":[92],"25,000":[94],"to":[95,120],"50,000":[96],"m\u00b2.":[97],"results":[99],"reveal":[100],"that":[101,159],"Shopping":[102,121,142],"Mall":[103,143],"B":[104,144],"exhibits":[105],"greater":[106],"potential":[107],"gaining":[109],"its":[113,129],"refrigeration":[116],"with":[118],"respect":[119],"Malls":[122],"A":[123],"C,":[125],"mainly":[126],"caused":[127],"lower":[130],"energy":[131],"consumption":[132,140],"per":[133],"unit":[134],"area.":[136],"annual":[138],"10,946,225.52":[146],"kWh,":[147],"resulting":[148],"dioxide":[151,187,206],"emissions":[152,189,208],"5,472.02":[154],"tCO\u2082-eq/year.":[155],"These":[156],"findings":[157],"indicate":[158],"using":[160],"solar":[161],"Photovoltaic":[162],"(PV)":[163],"daytime":[166],"production":[168],"an":[170,199],"mitigation":[172],"strategy.":[173],"introduction":[175],"minimum":[178],"PV":[179],"capacity":[180],"4":[182],"MW":[183],"significantly":[184],"reduces":[185],"equivalent":[188,207],"54.81%.":[192],"Thus,":[193],"suggested":[195],"integrated":[196],"approach":[197],"proposes":[198],"important":[200],"significant":[201],"possibility":[202],"lowering":[204],"malls.":[212]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2026-11-11T00:00:00"}
