{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225748910","doi":"https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.34970015","title":"Phytosomal gel of Cassia alata leaf extract for experimental polyarthritis: enhanced anti-inflammatory activity and mechanistic insights from integrated in silico, in vitro, and in vivo studies","display_name":"Phytosomal gel of Cassia alata leaf extract for experimental polyarthritis: enhanced anti-inflammatory activity and mechanistic insights from integrated in silico, in vitro, and in vivo studies","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225748910","doi":"https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.34970015"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.34970015","doi":"https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.34970015","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.34970015","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.34970015","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161396129","display_name":"Aishwarya Bm","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aishwarya Bm","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161417950","display_name":"Mohammad Ali","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161406640","display_name":"Jeevan Gowda","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeevan Gowda","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120198253","display_name":"S Hariprasad","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hariprasad S","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120011811","display_name":"Sharanappa Gurikar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sharanappa Gurikar","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161392148","display_name":"Bharathi DR","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bharathi DR","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001071977","display_name":"Syed Sagheer Ahmed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9817-9747","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9817-9747"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Syed Sagheer Ahmed","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13026","display_name":"Natural Compounds in Disease Treatment","score":0.673799991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2707","display_name":"Complementary and alternative medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13026","display_name":"Natural Compounds in Disease Treatment","score":0.673799991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2707","display_name":"Complementary and alternative medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14521","display_name":"Medicinal Plant Research","score":0.15299999713897705,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10200","display_name":"Rheumatoid Arthritis Research and Therapies","score":0.05620000138878822,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2745","display_name":"Rheumatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.7348999977111816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207001950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141124","display_name":"In vivo","level":2,"score":0.7300999760627747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775939860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162882","display_name":"Cassia","level":4,"score":0.7278000116348267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778004101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133948","display_name":"Antioxidant","level":2,"score":0.5},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781031786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287582","display_name":"ABTS","level":4,"score":0.4767000079154968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86181022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q196823","display_name":"Zeta potential","level":3,"score":0.4652000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.4334999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781401929","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5205953","display_name":"DPPH","level":3,"score":0.4262999892234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556039675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q771035","display_name":"Traditional medicine","level":1,"score":0.41760000586509705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41685203","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1974042","display_name":"Docking (animal)","level":2,"score":0.3677000105381012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.3637999892234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202751555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221681","display_name":"In vitro","level":2,"score":0.3111000061035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777752497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q286779","display_name":"IC50","level":3,"score":0.304500013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780829032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898539","display_name":"Lipid peroxidation","level":3,"score":0.2793000042438507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909423643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193798","display_name":"Milk Thistle","level":2,"score":0.27390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777077863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170990","display_name":"Arthritis","level":2,"score":0.2646999955177307}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.34970015","doi":"https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.34970015","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.34970015","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"},{"id":"doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.34970015.v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.34970015.v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.34970015.v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.34970015","doi":"https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.34970015","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.34970015","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"develop":[1],"a":[2,63,117,202],"phytosomal":[3,114],"gel":[4,65],"of":[5,105,120,125,132,192],"Cassia":[6,193],"alata":[7,194],"leaf":[8],"extract":[9],"(CAPE)":[10],"and":[11,31,38,47,54,93,96,109,128,144,162,165,173],"evaluate":[12],"its":[13,199],"anti-inflammatory":[14,190],"efficacy":[15,78,191],"in":[16,195],"Complete":[17],"Freund\u2019s":[18],"Adjuvant":[19],"(CFA)-induced":[20],"experimental":[21,196],"polyarthritis.":[22],"CAPE":[23,98],"was":[24,60,69,79],"obtained":[25],"by":[26,84],"hydroethanolic":[27],"extraction":[28],"(yield:":[29],"8.4%)":[30],"assessed":[32],"for":[33,49],"antioxidant":[34,100],"activity":[35,101],"using":[36],"DPPH":[37],"ABTS":[39],"assays.":[40],"Phytosomes":[41],"were":[42],"prepared":[43],"via":[44],"phospholipid":[45],"complexation":[46],"characterized":[48],"particle":[50,118],"size,":[51],"zeta":[52,123],"potential,":[53],"entrapment":[55,130],"efficiency.":[56],"The":[57,113],"optimized":[58],"formulation":[59,115],"incorporated":[61],"into":[62],"Carbopol":[64],"(CAPE-PhyGel).":[66],"Molecular":[67],"docking":[68],"performed":[70],"against":[71],"caspase-8":[72],"(PDB":[73],"ID:":[74],"4JJ7).":[75],"In":[76],"vivo":[77],"evaluated":[80],"following":[81],"topical":[82,203],"administration":[83],"assessing":[85],"body":[86,139],"weight,":[87,140],"joint":[88,142],"diameter,":[89,143],"motor":[90,146],"coordination,":[91],"hematological":[92],"biochemical":[94],"parameters,":[95],"histopathology.":[97],"exhibited":[99],"with":[102],"IC50":[103],"values":[104],"118.91":[106],"\u00b5g/mL":[107,111],"(DPPH)":[108],"121.29":[110],"(ABTS).":[112],"showed":[116,178],"size":[119],"1.35":[121],"\u03bcm,":[122],"potential":[124,200],"\u221225":[126],"mV,":[127],"maximum":[129],"efficiency":[131],"75.21%.":[133],"CAPE-PhyGel":[134],"(200":[135],"mg/kg)":[136],"significantly":[137],"improved":[138],"reduced":[141,163,170],"enhanced":[145],"coordination":[147],"compared":[148],"to":[149,183],"disease":[150],"control":[151],"(p":[152],"<":[153],"0.001).":[154],"It":[155],"also":[156],"normalized":[157],"RBC,":[158],"WBC,":[159],"Hb,":[160],"ESR,":[161],"CRP":[164],"SRF":[166],"levels.":[167],"Histopathology":[168],"confirmed":[169],"synovial":[171],"inflammation":[172],"cartilage":[174],"damage.":[175],"Docking":[176],"studies":[177],"favorable":[179],"binding":[180],"affinities":[181],"(up":[182],"\u22126.54":[184],"kcal/mol).":[185],"Phytosomal":[186],"delivery":[187],"enhances":[188],"the":[189],"polyarthritis,":[197],"supporting":[198],"as":[201],"therapeutic":[204],"system.":[205]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2026-11-11T00:00:00"}
