{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225747593","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.78333","title":"Field Emission Enhancement in Graphene/Cu Cathodes Through Laser\u2010Shock\u2010Induced Modulation of Geometry and Work Function","display_name":"Field Emission Enhancement in Graphene/Cu Cathodes Through Laser\u2010Shock\u2010Induced Modulation of Geometry and Work Function","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225747593","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.78333","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/43006753"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/advs.78333","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.78333","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.78333","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737737698","display_name":"Advanced Science","issn_l":"2198-3844","issn":["2198-3844"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advanced Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.78333","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105404276","display_name":"Ximei Xu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ximei Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Clean and Efficient Turbomachinery Power Equipment Department of Mechanical Engineering Tsinghua University  Beijing China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2271-7342","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Clean and Efficient Turbomachinery Power Equipment Department of Mechanical Engineering Tsinghua University  Beijing China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070393701","display_name":"Haonan Tao","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haonan Tao","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Clean and Efficient Turbomachinery Power Equipment Department of Mechanical Engineering Tsinghua University  Beijing China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Clean and Efficient Turbomachinery Power Equipment Department of Mechanical Engineering Tsinghua University  Beijing China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089952531","display_name":"Wenfei Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9581-2399","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9581-2399"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenming Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Clean and Efficient Turbomachinery Power Equipment Department of Mechanical Engineering Tsinghua University  Beijing China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Clean and Efficient Turbomachinery Power Equipment Department of Mechanical Engineering Tsinghua University  Beijing China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061461884","display_name":"Xuyin Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8309-5604","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8309-5604"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuyin Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Clean and Efficient Turbomachinery Power Equipment Department of Mechanical Engineering Tsinghua University  Beijing China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Clean and Efficient Turbomachinery Power Equipment Department of Mechanical Engineering Tsinghua University  Beijing China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102605320","display_name":"Jiacong Lin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiacong Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Clean and Efficient Turbomachinery Power Equipment Department of Mechanical Engineering Tsinghua University  Beijing China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Clean and Efficient Turbomachinery Power Equipment Department of Mechanical Engineering Tsinghua University  Beijing China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161415453","display_name":"Mingyang Yang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mingyang Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Key Laboratory of Atomic\u2010Scale Precision Manufacturing and Cross\u2010Scale Device Fabrication Department of Mechanical Engineering Tsinghua University  Beijing China","State Key Laboratory of Clean and Efficient Turbomachinery Power Equipment Department of Mechanical Engineering Tsinghua University  Beijing China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Atomic\u2010Scale Precision Manufacturing and Cross\u2010Scale Device Fabrication Department of Mechanical Engineering Tsinghua University  Beijing China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Clean and Efficient Turbomachinery Power Equipment Department of Mechanical Engineering Tsinghua University  Beijing China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136065844","display_name":"Ming Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7863-6437","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7863-6437"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ming Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Key Laboratory of Atomic\u2010Scale Precision Manufacturing and Cross\u2010Scale Device Fabrication Department of Mechanical Engineering Tsinghua University  Beijing China","Key Laboratory For Advanced Materials Processing Technology Ministry of Education  Beijing China","State Key Laboratory of Clean and Efficient Turbomachinery Power Equipment Department of Mechanical Engineering Tsinghua University  Beijing China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Atomic\u2010Scale Precision Manufacturing and Cross\u2010Scale Device Fabrication Department of Mechanical Engineering Tsinghua University  Beijing China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory For Advanced Materials Processing Technology Ministry of Education  Beijing China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Clean and Efficient Turbomachinery Power Equipment Department of Mechanical Engineering Tsinghua University  Beijing China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5136065844","https://openalex.org/A5161415453"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"],"apc_list":{"value":6730,"currency":"USD","value_usd":6730},"apc_paid":{"value":6730,"currency":"USD","value_usd":6730},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10083","display_name":"Graphene research and applications","score":0.57669997215271,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10083","display_name":"Graphene research and applications","score":0.57669997215271,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13418","display_name":"Photocathodes and Microchannel Plates","score":0.23160000145435333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11175","display_name":"Gyrotron and Vacuum Electronics Research","score":0.0746999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49110097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175233","display_name":"Cathode","level":2,"score":0.7944999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121029787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q902877","display_name":"Field electron emission","level":3,"score":0.753000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115235246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q783800","display_name":"Work function","level":3,"score":0.742900013923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.7301999926567078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187937830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175403","display_name":"Microelectronics","level":2,"score":0.6887000203132629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.5579000115394592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87210426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1072476","display_name":"Bending","level":2,"score":0.5156000256538391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30080830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169917","display_name":"Graphene","level":2,"score":0.5133000016212463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.5084999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5004000067710876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134786449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3391255","display_name":"Planar","level":2,"score":0.4846000075340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4636000096797943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120398109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175751","display_name":"Quantum tunnelling","level":2,"score":0.46129998564720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202374169","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124291","display_name":"Electrical conductor","level":2,"score":0.43799999356269836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131584629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4308705","display_name":"Coupling (piping)","level":2,"score":0.43070000410079956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7070889","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q902488","display_name":"Monolayer","level":2,"score":0.38920000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781300812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178061","display_name":"Shock (circulatory)","level":2,"score":0.38600000739097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207740977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q234072","display_name":"Current density","level":2,"score":0.3749000132083893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.35530000925064087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74544821","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1783105","display_name":"Contact geometry","level":2,"score":0.34630000591278076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.3452000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148043351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4456944","display_name":"Current (fluid)","level":2,"score":0.3384000062942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84583765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1868517","display_name":"Local field","level":2,"score":0.3260999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82706917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10251","display_name":"Plasma","level":2,"score":0.28679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.2728999853134155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17525397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176140","display_name":"Electrode","level":2,"score":0.27149999141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207437497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q814902","display_name":"Cold cathode","level":3,"score":0.259799987077713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19181183","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4854235","display_name":"Band bending","level":2,"score":0.2558000087738037}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/advs.78333","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.78333","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.78333","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737737698","display_name":"Advanced Science","issn_l":"2198-3844","issn":["2198-3844"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advanced Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:43006753","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/43006753","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/advs.78333","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.78333","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.78333","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737737698","display_name":"Advanced Science","issn_l":"2198-3844","issn":["2198-3844"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advanced Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":57,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1970138328","https://openalex.org/W1971868693","https://openalex.org/W1972033875","https://openalex.org/W1972751731","https://openalex.org/W1973396412","https://openalex.org/W1976155213","https://openalex.org/W1981368803","https://openalex.org/W1986991281","https://openalex.org/W1990081464","https://openalex.org/W2009508114","https://openalex.org/W2015019112","https://openalex.org/W2017775458","https://openalex.org/W2025273914","https://openalex.org/W2026983209","https://openalex.org/W2036529499","https://openalex.org/W2045897702","https://openalex.org/W2049886363","https://openalex.org/W2060662603","https://openalex.org/W2062390693","https://openalex.org/W2065096605","https://openalex.org/W2066480717","https://openalex.org/W2070922179","https://openalex.org/W2078845291","https://openalex.org/W2083222334","https://openalex.org/W2086263335","https://openalex.org/W2086933933","https://openalex.org/W2091135029","https://openalex.org/W2092188263","https://openalex.org/W2106298613","https://openalex.org/W2108098890","https://openalex.org/W2113681037","https://openalex.org/W2119068930","https://openalex.org/W2124209259","https://openalex.org/W2126576281","https://openalex.org/W2147199374","https://openalex.org/W2161115346","https://openalex.org/W2161606023","https://openalex.org/W2323453632","https://openalex.org/W2323710891","https://openalex.org/W2330434829","https://openalex.org/W2471199266","https://openalex.org/W2551237978","https://openalex.org/W2581491383","https://openalex.org/W2781690264","https://openalex.org/W2794684432","https://openalex.org/W2796341487","https://openalex.org/W2804720060","https://openalex.org/W2806852605","https://openalex.org/W2932746226","https://openalex.org/W3126945569","https://openalex.org/W4211105458","https://openalex.org/W4281652682","https://openalex.org/W4288686001","https://openalex.org/W4391259729","https://openalex.org/W4401419858","https://openalex.org/W4401650342","https://openalex.org/W4404259330"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"ABSTRACT":[0],"Cold":[1],"cathodes":[2,12,44],"enable":[3],"compact,":[4],"low\u2010power":[5],"vacuum":[6,171],"microelectronics":[7],"with":[8,28,98],"rapid":[9],"activation.":[10],"Graphene/metal":[11],"offer":[13],"a":[14,109,160],"flexible,":[15],"conductive":[16],"platform,":[17],"but":[18],"efficient":[19],"field":[20,24,106,111],"emission":[21,77,119,129],"requires":[22],"local":[23,53,76,87],"concentration":[25],"to":[26,148],"coincide":[27],"reduced":[29],"tunneling":[30],"barriers":[31,97],"while":[32,50],"avoiding":[33],"transfer":[34,49],"contamination.":[35],"Laser":[36],"shock":[37,143],"microforming":[38],"converts":[39],"graphene/Cu":[40,69,82],"foils":[41],"into":[42],"flexible":[43,170],"in":[45,60,74,155],"one":[46],"step":[47],"without":[48],"modulating":[51],"the":[52,75],"work":[54,88,140],"function.":[55],"High\u2010curvature":[56],"protrusions":[57],"and":[58,68,94,133,151],"gradients":[59],"graphene":[61],"disorder,":[62],"strain,":[63],"Cu":[64],"microstructure,":[65],"surface":[66],"chemistry,":[67],"coupling":[70],"create":[71],"spatial":[72,103],"variations":[73],"barrier.":[78],"In":[79],"individual":[80],"monolayer":[81],"protrusions,":[83],"these":[84],"changes":[85],"produce":[86],"function":[89],"contrasts":[90],"reaching":[91],"0.12":[92],"eV":[93],"align":[95],"lower":[96],"highly":[99],"curved":[100],"regions.":[101],"This":[102,139],"alignment":[104],"enhances":[105],"emission,":[107],"yielding":[108],"turn\u2010on":[110],"of":[112,122],"4.9":[113],"V":[114],"\u00b5m":[115],"\u22121":[116],",":[117,127],"an":[118],"current":[120],"density":[121],"2.2":[123],"mA":[124],"cm":[125],"\u22122":[126],"stable":[128],"over":[130,166],"32":[131],"h,":[132],"durability":[134],"after":[135],"3000":[136],"bending":[137],"cycles.":[138],"extends":[141],"laser":[142],"processing":[144],"from":[145],"geometric":[146],"shaping":[147],"coupled":[149],"structural":[150],"electronic":[152],"barrier":[153],"control":[154],"graphene/metal":[156],"cold":[157],"cathodes,":[158],"providing":[159],"route":[161],"that":[162],"can":[163],"be":[164],"scaled":[165],"large":[167],"areas":[168],"for":[169],"electronics.":[172]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2026-11-11T00:00:00"}