{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225746986","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1175/jhm-d-26-0038.1","title":"Temporal Lags and Depth-Dependent Soil Moisture Responses to Drought and Wet Periods in Europe","display_name":"Temporal Lags and Depth-Dependent Soil Moisture Responses to Drought and Wet Periods in Europe","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225746986","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1175/jhm-d-26-0038.1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1175/jhm-d-26-0038.1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1175/jhm-d-26-0038.1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/jhm-d-26-0038.1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S37844757","display_name":"Journal of Hydrometeorology","issn_l":"1525-7541","issn":["1525-7541","1525-755X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320260","host_organization_name":"American Meteorological Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320260"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Meteorological Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Hydrometeorology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068465128","display_name":"Reza Sarli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5027-6513","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5027-6513"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3019092743","display_name":"University of Agriculture in Krakow","ror":"https://ror.org/012dxyr07","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3019092743"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Reza Sarli","raw_affiliation_strings":["1Department of Forest Resources Management, Faculty of Forestry, University of Agriculture in Krak\u00f3w, Krak\u00f3w, Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"1Department of Forest Resources Management, Faculty of Forestry, University of Agriculture in Krak\u00f3w, Krak\u00f3w, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3019092743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050350139","display_name":"Gholamreza Roshan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4097-6940","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4097-6940"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I198873322","display_name":"Golestan University","ror":"https://ror.org/046nf9z89","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I198873322"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gholamreza Roshan","raw_affiliation_strings":["2Department of Geography, Golestan University, Gorgan 49138-15759, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"2Department of Geography, Golestan University, Gorgan 49138-15759, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I198873322"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021759805","display_name":"Garry Marapao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9470-4978","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9470-4978"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I222344740","display_name":"Mindanao State University Naawan","ror":"https://ror.org/01f51gm92","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I222344740","https://openalex.org/I354071399"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3019092743","display_name":"University of Agriculture in Krakow","ror":"https://ror.org/012dxyr07","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3019092743"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I354071399","display_name":"Mindanao State University","ror":"https://ror.org/026441d17","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I354071399"]}],"countries":["PH","PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Garry Marapao","raw_affiliation_strings":["1Department of Forest Resources Management, Faculty of Forestry, University of Agriculture in Krak\u00f3w, Krak\u00f3w, Poland","3Department of Forest Sciences, College of Environment and Life Sciences, Mindanao State University at Naawan 9023, Naawan, Misamis Oriental, Philippines"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"1Department of Forest Resources Management, Faculty of Forestry, University of Agriculture in Krak\u00f3w, Krak\u00f3w, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3019092743"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"3Department of Forest Sciences, College of Environment and Life Sciences, Mindanao State University at Naawan 9023, Naawan, Misamis Oriental, Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I222344740","https://openalex.org/I354071399"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5094356958","display_name":"Natalino De Ara\u00fajo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114874","display_name":"National University of East Timor","ror":"https://ror.org/026hhvp67","country_code":"TL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114874"]}],"countries":["TL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Natalino de Ara\u00fajo","raw_affiliation_strings":["4Department of Forestry, Faculty of Agriculture, Universidade Nacional Timor Lorosa\u2019e, Dili-Timor Leste"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"4Department of Forestry, Faculty of Agriculture, Universidade Nacional Timor Lorosa\u2019e, Dili-Timor Leste","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114874"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161382801","display_name":"Asri Insiana Putri","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387154144","display_name":"National Research and Innovation Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/02hmjzt55","country_code":"ID","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387154144"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Asri Insiana Putri","raw_affiliation_strings":["5Research Center for Applied Botanical Research, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Bogor, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"5Research Center for Applied Botanical Research, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Bogor, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387154144"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016651449","display_name":"Edgar D. Casta\u00f1ares","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3962-8837","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3962-8837"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I222344740","display_name":"Mindanao State University Naawan","ror":"https://ror.org/01f51gm92","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I222344740","https://openalex.org/I354071399"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I354071399","display_name":"Mindanao State University","ror":"https://ror.org/026441d17","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I354071399"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edgar Castanares","raw_affiliation_strings":["3Department of Forest Sciences, College of Environment and Life Sciences, Mindanao State University at Naawan 9023, Naawan, Misamis Oriental, Philippines"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"3Department of Forest Sciences, College of Environment and Life Sciences, Mindanao State University at Naawan 9023, Naawan, Misamis Oriental, Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I222344740","https://openalex.org/I354071399"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":5,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11186","display_name":"Hydrology and Drought Analysis","score":0.9818999767303467,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11186","display_name":"Hydrology and Drought Analysis","score":0.9818999767303467,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.01679999940097332,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10716","display_name":"Soil and Unsaturated Flow","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.801800012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107054158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25257","display_name":"Precipitation","level":2,"score":0.7060999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24939127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373499","display_name":"Water content","level":2,"score":0.6771000027656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176783924","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q828158","display_name":"Evapotranspiration","level":2,"score":0.6632999777793884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159750122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96621023","display_name":"Soil water","level":2,"score":0.5033000111579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176864760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217651","display_name":"Moisture","level":2,"score":0.4794999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.4496000111103058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.3935999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94747663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7574086","display_name":"Spatial variability","level":2,"score":0.36500000953674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159390177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9161265","display_name":"Soil science","level":1,"score":0.3352000117301941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76886044","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2883300","display_name":"Hydrology (agriculture)","level":2,"score":0.28690001368522644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75778745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q342626","display_name":"Lag","level":2,"score":0.2782999873161316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152494472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q386963","display_name":"Soil classification","level":3,"score":0.2533000111579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173727882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5153620","display_name":"Common spatial pattern","level":2,"score":0.25209999084472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156634047","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q878214","display_name":"Soil horizon","level":3,"score":0.25029999017715454}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1175/jhm-d-26-0038.1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1175/jhm-d-26-0038.1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/jhm-d-26-0038.1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S37844757","display_name":"Journal of Hydrometeorology","issn_l":"1525-7541","issn":["1525-7541","1525-755X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320260","host_organization_name":"American Meteorological Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320260"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Meteorological Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Hydrometeorology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Understanding":[1],"how":[2],"drought":[3,24,54,152,232],"signals":[4],"propagate":[5],"vertically":[6],"through":[7],"the":[8,20,45,56,62,102,111,226,231,252,263],"soil":[9,34,71,96,118,156,171,228,236,277],"profile":[10],"is":[11,247,284],"critical":[12],"to":[13,33,165,186,251,296],"improving":[14],"hydroclimatic":[15],"monitoring":[16],"and":[17,47,61,68,76,92,108,123,141,159,174,181,234,242,270,287,294],"predictability.":[18],"Despite":[19],"widespread":[21],"use":[22],"of":[23,29,88,151,214,262,265],"indices,":[25,55],"large-scale,":[26],"depth-resolved":[27],"evaluations":[28],"their":[30],"temporal":[31],"relationships":[32],"moisture":[35,72,97,191,237,278,282],"remain":[36],"limited":[37],"across":[38,73,196],"climatically":[39],"diverse":[40],"regions.":[41],"Here,":[42],"we":[43],"quantify":[44],"scale-":[46],"layer-dependent":[48],"coupling":[49,283],"between":[50],"two":[51],"widely":[52],"used":[53],"Standardized":[57,63],"Precipitation":[58,64],"Index":[59,66],"(SPI)":[60],"Evapotranspiration":[65],"(SPEI),":[67],"model-derived":[69],"multi-layer":[70],"Europe.":[74],"SPI":[75,211],"SPEI":[77,203],"were":[78],"computed":[79],"from":[80,101,110],"ECAD":[81],"station-based":[82],"meteorological":[83,243],"observations":[84],"at":[85],"accumulation":[86,167],"timescales":[87],"1,":[89],"3,":[90],"6,":[91],"9":[93],"months.":[94],"Monthly":[95],"was":[98],"obtained":[99],"independently":[100],"FLDAS":[103,235],"Noah":[104],"land":[105],"surface":[106],"model":[107],"extracted":[109],"nearest":[112],"0.10\u00b0":[113],"grid":[114],"cell":[115],"for":[116],"four":[117],"layers:":[119],"0\u201310,":[120],"10\u201340,":[121],"40\u2013100,":[122],"100\u2013200":[124,175],"cm.":[125],"The":[126,154],"analysis":[127,136],"covered":[128],"2,022":[129],"paired":[130,198],"ECAD\u2013FLDAS":[131,253],"locations":[132],"over":[133],"1990\u20132024.":[134],"Cross-correlation":[135],"identified":[137],"maximum":[138,207],"correlation":[139],"strength":[140],"optimal":[142],"lag":[143],"structure.":[144],"Results":[145],"reveal":[146],"a":[147,217,259],"systematic":[148],"vertical":[149],"organization":[150],"propagation.":[153],"upper":[155,227],"layers":[157,172],"(0\u201310":[158],"10\u201340":[160],"cm)":[161,176],"exhibited":[162],"near-synchronous":[163],"responses":[164],"short":[166],"timescales,":[168],"whereas":[169,289],"deeper":[170],"(40\u2013100":[173],"showed":[177,201],"broader":[178],"optimal-lag":[179],"distributions":[180],"stronger":[182],"associations":[183],"with":[184,189,216],"intermediate-":[185],"longer-timescales,":[187],"consistent":[188],"subsurface":[190],"memory.":[192],"A":[193],"direct":[194],"comparison":[195],"40,392":[197],"location\u2013layer\u2013timescale":[199],"combinations":[200],"that":[202],"produced":[204],"slightly":[205],"higher":[206],"absolute":[208],"correlations":[209],"than":[210,257],"in":[212,225,239],"59.6%":[213],"cases,":[215],"small":[218,293],"mean":[219],"difference":[220,246],"(\u0394|r|":[221],"\u2248":[222],"+0.003),":[223],"mainly":[224],"layers.":[229],"Because":[230],"indices":[233],"differ":[238],"spatial":[240],"support":[241],"forcing,":[244],"this":[245],"interpreted":[248],"as":[249,258],"specific":[250],"pairing":[254],"framework":[255],"rather":[256],"product-independent":[260],"estimate":[261],"benefit":[264],"including":[266],"evaporative":[267],"demand.":[268],"Drought-":[269],"wet-conditioned":[271],"analyses":[272],"revealed":[273],"spatially":[274],"varying":[275],"deep-minus-surface":[276],"contrasts.":[279],"Overall,":[280],"drought\u2013soil":[281],"strongly":[285],"depth-":[286],"scale-dependent,":[288],"SPI\u2013SPEI":[290],"differences":[291],"are":[292],"subject":[295],"station\u2013grid":[297],"representativeness":[298],"uncertainty.":[299]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2026-11-11T00:00:00"}
