{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225746979","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15228770","title":"Evaluating Large Language Model Platforms for Medical Nutrition Therapy in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Quality, Guideline Concordance, Readability, and Hallucinations","display_name":"Evaluating Large Language Model Platforms for Medical Nutrition Therapy in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Quality, Guideline Concordance, Readability, and Hallucinations","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225746979","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15228770"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/jcm15228770","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15228770","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15228770","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737969411","display_name":"Journal of Clinical Medicine","issn_l":"2077-0383","issn":["2077-0383"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Clinical Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15228770","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075928006","display_name":"R\u00fcveyda Esra \u00d6zkalayc\u0131","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7564-4017","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7564-4017"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161597582","display_name":"Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan University","ror":"https://ror.org/0468j1635","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161597582"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R\u00fcveyda Esra \u00d6zkalayc\u0131","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan University, 53100 Rize, T\u00fcrkiye"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7564-4017","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan University, 53100 Rize, T\u00fcrkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161597582"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5157988860","display_name":"G\u00f6zde Ede \u0130leri","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I224962290","display_name":"\u00c7ank\u0131r\u0131 Karatekin University","ror":"https://ror.org/011y7xt38","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I224962290"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"G\u00f6zde Ede \u0130leri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, \u00c7ank\u0131r\u0131 Karatekin University, 18100 \u00c7ank\u0131r\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, \u00c7ank\u0131r\u0131 Karatekin University, 18100 \u00c7ank\u0131r\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I224962290"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000676950","display_name":"\u015eeyma Nur Ercan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1533-4973","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1533-4973"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I224962290","display_name":"\u00c7ank\u0131r\u0131 Karatekin University","ror":"https://ror.org/011y7xt38","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I224962290"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"\u015eeyma Nur Ercan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, \u00c7ank\u0131r\u0131 Karatekin University, 18100 \u00c7ank\u0131r\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, \u00c7ank\u0131r\u0131 Karatekin University, 18100 \u00c7ank\u0131r\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I224962290"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019312221","display_name":"Yeliz Serin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1524-0651","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1524-0651"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55931168","display_name":"Cukurova University","ror":"https://ror.org/05wxkj555","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55931168"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yeliz Serin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, \u00c7ukurova University, 01130 Adana, T\u00fcrkiye"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1524-0651","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, \u00c7ukurova University, 01130 Adana, T\u00fcrkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55931168"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003933696","display_name":"U\u011fur B\u0130NZAT","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1387-6661","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1387-6661"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I224962290","display_name":"\u00c7ank\u0131r\u0131 Karatekin University","ror":"https://ror.org/011y7xt38","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I224962290"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"U\u011fur Binzat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Statistics, Faculty of Sciences, \u00c7ank\u0131r\u0131 Karatekin University, 18100 \u00c7ank\u0131r\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1387-6661","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Statistics, Faculty of Sciences, \u00c7ank\u0131r\u0131 Karatekin University, 18100 \u00c7ank\u0131r\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I224962290"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083128198","display_name":"Sedat Arslan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3356-7332","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3356-7332"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131835042","display_name":"Bursa Uluda\u011f \u00dcni\u0307versi\u0307tesi\u0307","ror":"https://ror.org/03tg3eb07","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131835042"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sedat Arslan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Bursa Uluda\u011f University, 16059 Bursa, T\u00fcrkiye"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3356-7332","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Bursa Uluda\u011f University, 16059 Bursa, T\u00fcrkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131835042"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5157988860"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I224962290"],"apc_list":{"value":2600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3137},"apc_paid":{"value":2600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3137},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"22","first_page":"8770","last_page":"8770"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10737","display_name":"Health Literacy and Information Accessibility","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11396","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8396000266075134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160798450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4230870","display_name":"Concordance","level":2,"score":0.8253999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780182762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1630279","display_name":"Guideline","level":2,"score":0.714900016784668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778538070","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436063","display_name":"Autism spectrum disorder","level":3,"score":0.7063999772071838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205778803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38404","display_name":"Autism","level":2,"score":0.6924999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778143727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820650","display_name":"Readability","level":2,"score":0.6499999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.46369999647140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779256446","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33959","display_name":"Nice","level":2,"score":0.42910000681877136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.414000004529953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.4058000147342682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.3774000108242035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.37229999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779951463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268788","display_name":"Quality of life (healthcare)","level":2,"score":0.3582000136375427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19527891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120908","display_name":"Medical physics","level":1,"score":0.33719998598098755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102959455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7313954","display_name":"Repeated measures design","level":2,"score":0.322299987077713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20256973","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1050272","display_name":"Standard score","level":2,"score":0.2957000136375427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.29109999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106436119","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q836575","display_name":"Quality assurance","level":3,"score":0.28600001335144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.28459998965263367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61863361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q470749","display_name":"Inter-rater reliability","level":3,"score":0.2809000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142853389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744778","display_name":"Association (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.27160000801086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535046627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30612","display_name":"Clinical trial","level":2,"score":0.267300009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986165187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436063","display_name":"Autistic spectrum disorder","level":3,"score":0.2667999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.2587999999523163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.25679999589920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86251818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816754","display_name":"Benchmarking","level":2,"score":0.2563000023365021}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/jcm15228770","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15228770","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15228770","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737969411","display_name":"Journal of Clinical Medicine","issn_l":"2077-0383","issn":["2077-0383"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Clinical Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/jcm15228770","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15228770","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15228770","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737969411","display_name":"Journal of Clinical Medicine","issn_l":"2077-0383","issn":["2077-0383"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Clinical Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1874135929","https://openalex.org/W1963659399","https://openalex.org/W1991509027","https://openalex.org/W2039063058","https://openalex.org/W2101950949","https://openalex.org/W2152449622","https://openalex.org/W2838558797","https://openalex.org/W2885428081","https://openalex.org/W2942556649","https://openalex.org/W2995148308","https://openalex.org/W3089307553","https://openalex.org/W4367310920","https://openalex.org/W4384071683","https://openalex.org/W4386510404","https://openalex.org/W4391221150","https://openalex.org/W4396639153","https://openalex.org/W4399811572","https://openalex.org/W4402141099","https://openalex.org/W4403813762","https://openalex.org/W4406152263","https://openalex.org/W4409505176","https://openalex.org/W4412823839","https://openalex.org/W4414934311","https://openalex.org/W4415104372","https://openalex.org/W4416338787","https://openalex.org/W7128444586","https://openalex.org/W7135233680","https://openalex.org/W7156852866","https://openalex.org/W7161014596","https://openalex.org/W7168864941","https://openalex.org/W7170168644","https://openalex.org/W7172347329"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background/Objectives:":[0],"Children":[1],"with":[2,160,189,242],"autism":[3],"spectrum":[4],"disorder":[5],"(ASD)":[6],"commonly":[7],"experience":[8],"feeding-":[9],"and":[10,72,110,125,135,152,157,163,171,174,180,193,201,211,228,274,310,342,405,429,452],"nutrition-related":[11],"problems,":[12],"while":[13],"families":[14],"increasingly":[15],"encounter":[16],"large":[17],"language":[18],"model":[19],"(LLM)-based":[20],"tools":[21,33],"as":[22],"sources":[23],"of":[24,31,44,52,67,167,270,278,285,362,374,416,427],"health":[25],"information.":[26],"Evidence":[27],"on":[28,344],"the":[29,50,164,222,238,245,255,271,279,289,356,372,385,413,417,446],"reliability":[30],"these":[32],"for":[34,121,208,383,469],"ASD-specific":[35],"medical":[36],"nutrition":[37,60,134],"therapy":[38],"(MNT)":[39],"remains":[40],"limited.":[41],"The":[42,360,396,419,440],"aim":[43],"this":[45,76,332,394],"study":[46],"is":[47],"to":[48,59,63,100,139,326,355,411,423,433,454],"compare":[49,412],"responses":[51,273],"four":[53,101],"publicly":[54],"available":[55],"LLM-based":[56,102],"platform":[57,103,140,202,283],"configurations":[58,260,368,386],"questions":[61,85,428],"related":[62],"ASD":[64,441],"in":[65,97,253,267,275,294,307,314,365,393,463],"terms":[66],"quality,":[68,338],"guideline":[69,212,339],"compliance,":[70,340],"readability,":[71,341],"hallucination.":[73],"Methods:":[74],"In":[75,244,331],"cross-sectional":[77],"comparative":[78],"benchmark":[79],"study,":[80],"60":[81],"standardized,":[82],"unbiased":[83],"informational":[84],"across":[86,288,328],"five":[87,290,296],"MNT":[88],"domains":[89,291,297],"(12":[90],"per":[91],"domain)":[92],"were":[93,183,206,251,265,292],"each":[94,122,464],"submitted":[95],"once":[96],"separate":[98],"sessions":[99],"configurations:":[104],"ChatGPT,":[105],"ChatGPT":[106,219,256,258,367],"Plus,":[107],"Microsoft":[108],"Copilot,":[109],"Google":[111],"Gemini,":[112],"yielding":[113],"240":[114],"responses.":[115,281],"Only":[116],"one":[117],"response":[118,143,247,337,357,461],"was":[119,130],"evaluated":[120,172,450],"question-platform":[123,465],"combination,":[124],"variability":[126],"between":[127],"repeated":[128,459],"productions":[129],"not":[131,313,347,370,401,408],"measured.":[132],"Four":[133],"dietetics":[136],"experts,":[137],"blinded":[138],"identity,":[141],"assessed":[142],"quality":[144,235],"using":[145,185],"Medical":[146],"Artificial":[147],"Intelligence":[148],"Quality":[149,154],"Analysis":[150],"(QAMAI)":[151],"Global":[153],"Score":[155],"(GQS),":[156],"reviewed":[158],"compliance":[159],"NICE":[161],"guidelines":[162],"American":[165],"Academy":[166],"Pediatrics":[168],"clinical":[169,414],"report,":[170],"readability":[173],"binary":[175,397],"hallucination":[176,286,351,375,398,471],"classifications.":[177],"QAMAI,":[178,209,226],"GQS,":[179,210,227],"guideline-concordance":[181,229],"scores":[182,322],"compared":[184],"generalized":[186,432],"estimating":[187],"equations":[188],"a":[190,194,381,424],"Gamma":[191],"distribution":[192],"log":[195],"link.":[196],"Results:":[197],"Platform,":[198],"domain":[199,204],"(D),":[200],"\u00d7":[203],"effects":[205],"significant":[207,293,306],"concordance":[213,241],"(all":[214],"omnibus":[215],"p":[216],"<":[217],"0.05).":[218],"Plus":[220,259],"had":[221],"highest":[223],"overall":[224,240,336],"mean":[225],"scores.":[230],"Gemini":[231,280],"showed":[232],"relatively":[233],"high":[234],"ratings":[236],"but":[237,312],"lowest":[239],"guidelines.":[243],"analyzed":[246],"set,":[248],"no":[249],"hallucinations":[250,345],"detected":[252,266],"either":[254],"or":[257,316,387,436],"(0/60":[261],"each;":[262],"0%).":[263],"Hallucinations":[264],"21/60":[268],"(35.0%)":[269],"Copilot":[272],"38/60":[276],"(63.3%)":[277],"Overall":[282],"comparisons":[284],"classifications":[287],"all":[295],"after":[298],"false":[299],"discovery":[300],"rate":[301],"correction;":[302],"pairwise":[303],"differences":[304],"remained":[305],"D1,":[308],"D2,":[309],"D5,":[311],"D3":[315],"D4.":[317],"Mean":[318],"Flesch\u2013Kincaid":[319],"Grade":[320],"Level":[321],"ranged":[323],"from":[324],"14.62":[325],"18.87":[327],"platforms.":[329,418],"Conclusions:":[330],"standardized":[333],"single-generation":[334],"comparison,":[335],"findings":[343,420],"did":[346,400],"always":[348],"coincide.":[349],"Observed":[350],"rates":[352,399],"are":[353,391,421,467],"limited":[354,422],"set":[358,426],"examined.":[359],"observation":[361],"zero":[363],"events":[364],"two":[366],"does":[369,378],"indicate":[371],"absence":[373],"risk,":[376],"nor":[377],"it":[379],"provide":[380],"basis":[382],"differentiating":[384],"concluding":[388],"that":[389],"they":[390],"equivalent":[392],"respect.":[395],"reflect":[402],"error":[403],"severity":[404],"therefore":[406],"should":[407,448],"be":[409,431,449],"used":[410],"risks":[415],"controlled":[425],"cannot":[430],"emotional,":[434],"directive,":[435],"multi-round":[437],"caregiver":[438],"interactions.":[439],"nutritional":[442],"information":[443],"generated":[444],"by":[445],"LLM":[447],"multidimensionally":[451],"subjected":[453],"expert":[455],"validation.":[456],"Studies":[457],"involving":[458],"independent":[460],"generation":[462],"combination":[466],"necessary":[468],"comparing":[470],"tendencies.":[472]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2026-11-11T00:00:00"}