{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225746715","doi":"https://doi.org/10.68263/bjar-uwsawwjv","title":"Energy Consumption and Economic growth in Selected ECOWAS Countries","display_name":"Energy Consumption and Economic growth in Selected ECOWAS Countries","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225746715","doi":"https://doi.org/10.68263/bjar-uwsawwjv"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.68263/bjar-uwsawwjv","doi":"https://doi.org/10.68263/bjar-uwsawwjv","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.68263/bjar-uwsawwjv","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407064920","display_name":"British Journal of Advanced Research","issn_l":"3153-709X","issn":["3153-709X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"British Journal of Advanced Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.68263/bjar-uwsawwjv","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161407177","display_name":"Dominic Onosode Efurhievwe","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193555791","display_name":"Delta State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ty8dh37","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193555791"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dominic Onosode Efurhievwe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Economics, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Economics, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193555791"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161365020","display_name":"Ezi Tom Chukwugoziem","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193555791","display_name":"Delta State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ty8dh37","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193555791"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ezi Tom Chukwugoziem","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Economics, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Economics, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193555791"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161413772","display_name":"Mgbomene Chukunalu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193555791","display_name":"Delta State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ty8dh37","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193555791"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mgbomene Chukunalu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Economics, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Economics, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193555791"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5161413772"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193555791"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"5","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10438","display_name":"Energy, Environment, Economic Growth","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10438","display_name":"Energy, Environment, Economic Growth","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12639","display_name":"Global Energy and Sustainability Research","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12129","display_name":"Global Energy Security and Policy","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2100","display_name":"General Energy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188573790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12705","display_name":"Renewable energy","level":2,"score":0.6748999953269958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127598652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q558635","display_name":"Per capita","level":3,"score":0.6628000140190125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.647599995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.5819000005722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97615858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1341351","display_name":"Energy intensity","level":3,"score":0.5673999786376953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148609458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7021281","display_name":"Nexus (standard)","level":2,"score":0.5547999739646912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30772137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164762","display_name":"Consumption (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.4620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6422946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857354","display_name":"Panel data","level":2,"score":0.4544000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175605778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3299701","display_name":"Natural resource economics","level":1,"score":0.4244999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C552854447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131201","display_name":"Sustainable development","level":2,"score":0.39419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195487862","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850210","display_name":"Revenue","level":2,"score":0.3903000056743622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181683161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7301159","display_name":"Real gross domestic product","level":2,"score":0.3582000136375427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27548731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88272","display_name":"Investment (military)","level":3,"score":0.35350000858306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206658404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12725","display_name":"Electricity","level":2,"score":0.3440000116825104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114350782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12638","display_name":"Gross domestic product","level":2,"score":0.33719998598098755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.33559998869895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78635371","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5377219","display_name":"Energy subsidies","level":4,"score":0.33480000495910645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174503800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5381254","display_name":"Environmental impact of the energy industry","level":4,"score":0.3009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131046424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1805337","display_name":"Energy policy","level":3,"score":0.29429998993873596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48824518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q396340","display_name":"Agricultural economics","level":1,"score":0.2906999886035919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777172336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2700433","display_name":"Energy security","level":3,"score":0.2800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779845407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8035640","display_name":"World Development Indicators","level":3,"score":0.2720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.27160000801086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988459927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1962383","display_name":"Clean energy","level":2,"score":0.2705000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202353208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1167393","display_name":"Economic indicator","level":2,"score":0.26899999380111694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105442212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q279637","display_name":"Feed-in tariff","level":4,"score":0.2680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.2644999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66204764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219416","display_name":"Sustainability","level":2,"score":0.26159998774528503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777682434","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1341346","display_name":"Energy mix","level":4,"score":0.25920000672340393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2982719155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25584060","display_name":"Energy source","level":3,"score":0.2563000023365021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134632028","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6134482","display_name":"Sustainable growth rate","level":2,"score":0.2547000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39996523","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7313092","display_name":"Renewable energy credit","level":5,"score":0.25450000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142077812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175850","display_name":"Standard of living","level":2,"score":0.25369998812675476}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.68263/bjar-uwsawwjv","doi":"https://doi.org/10.68263/bjar-uwsawwjv","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.68263/bjar-uwsawwjv","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407064920","display_name":"British Journal of Advanced Research","issn_l":"3153-709X","issn":["3153-709X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"British Journal of Advanced Research","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.68263/bjar-uwsawwjv","doi":"https://doi.org/10.68263/bjar-uwsawwjv","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.68263/bjar-uwsawwjv","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407064920","display_name":"British Journal of Advanced Research","issn_l":"3153-709X","issn":["3153-709X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"British Journal of Advanced Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1,16,159],"investigates":[2],"the":[3,25,47,57,67,74,80,110,121,127,187,238],"nexus":[4],"between":[5,27],"energy":[6,29,39,50,97,116,135,166,183,202,219],"consumption":[7,30,40,98],"and":[8,33,55,79,85,102,164,191,213,220,224,230],"economic":[9,34,44,53,64,107,156,174,235],"growth":[10,65,119,175,236],"in":[11,120,126,171,176,186,237],"selected":[12,68],"ECOWAS":[13,177,198,239],"countries.":[14,69,178],"The":[15,92,130,158],"has":[17,137],"four":[18],"specific":[19],"objectives,":[20],"which":[21],"are":[22],"to:":[23],"determine":[24],"relationship":[26,105,141],"renewable":[28,96,163,201,218],"per":[31,41],"capita":[32,42],"growth;":[35,45,54],"analyse":[36],"how":[37],"non-renewable":[38,165,182],"affects":[43],"ascertain":[46],"effect":[48,58],"of":[49,59,66,155,189],"intensity":[51,136],"on":[52,63,181],"investigate":[56],"electricity":[60,145],"access":[61,146],"rate":[62],"Data":[70],"were":[71,113],"sourced":[72],"from":[73],"World":[75],"Development":[76],"Indicators":[77],"(WDI)":[78],"International":[81],"Energy":[82],"Agency":[83],"(IEA),":[84],"analysed":[86],"using":[87,211],"a":[88,100,138,151,208],"panel":[89],"ARDL":[90],"model.":[91],"results":[93],"indicate":[94],"that":[95,134,161,197],"exhibits":[99],"positive":[101],"significant":[103,169],"long-run":[104,140,153],"with":[106,142],"growth,":[108],"but":[109,124],"short-run":[111],"effects":[112],"negative.":[114],"Non-renewable":[115],"positively":[117],"influences":[118],"long":[122],"run,":[123],"negatively":[125],"short":[128],"run.":[129],"findings":[131],"further":[132],"show":[133],"negative":[139],"GDP,":[143],"while":[144],"was":[147],"found":[148],"to":[149,216,232],"be":[150],"powerful":[152],"driver":[154],"growth.":[157],"concludes":[160],"both":[162],"sources":[167],"play":[168],"roles":[170],"driving":[172],"long-term":[173],"However,":[179],"dependence":[180],"is":[184,195],"unsustainable":[185],"face":[188],"environmental":[190],"price":[192],"vulnerabilities.":[193],"It":[194],"recommended":[196],"governments":[199],"prioritise":[200],"development":[203],"through":[204],"investment":[205],"incentives,":[206],"adopt":[207],"transitional":[209],"strategy":[210],"oil":[212],"gas":[214],"revenues":[215],"finance":[217],"clean":[221],"technology":[222],"investments":[223],"establish":[225],"efficiency":[226],"standards":[227],"for":[228],"industries":[229],"households":[231],"promote":[233],"sustainable":[234],"region.":[240]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2026-11-11T00:00:00"}