{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225746360","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24115247","title":"The Economic Forage Radius of a Honey Bee Colony: A Flight-Energy Bound on Net Gain per Trip","display_name":"The Economic Forage Radius of a Honey Bee Colony: A Flight-Energy Bound on Net Gain per Trip","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225746360","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24115247"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24115247","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24115247","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24115247","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24115247","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159396451","display_name":"William Alexander Aldred","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Aldred, William Alexander","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1215-577X","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5159396451"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10702","display_name":"Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior","score":0.9750999808311462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1109","display_name":"Insect Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10702","display_name":"Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior","score":0.9750999808311462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1109","display_name":"Insect Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10487","display_name":"Plant and animal studies","score":0.02070000022649765,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1105","display_name":"Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11641","display_name":"Insect and Pesticide Research","score":0.001500000013038516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1109","display_name":"Insect Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779370140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13377214","display_name":"Forage","level":2,"score":0.7919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5455999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137793583","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171934","display_name":"Nectar","level":3,"score":0.5406000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777108408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11002","display_name":"Sugar","level":2,"score":0.5116000175476074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178635117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747499","display_name":"RADIUS","level":2,"score":0.4187000095844269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14166107","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q253829","display_name":"Net (polyhedron)","level":2,"score":0.37720000743865967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.32120001316070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21078798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176353","display_name":"Beekeeping","level":2,"score":0.31299999356269836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40117522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q828224","display_name":"Kilometer","level":2,"score":0.31279999017715454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48824518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q396340","display_name":"Agricultural economics","level":1,"score":0.3082999885082245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776939828","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6998464","display_name":"Net gain","level":4,"score":0.3025999963283539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777096740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102857","display_name":"Honey Bees","level":2,"score":0.30239999294281006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.30169999599456787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76758496","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191118","display_name":"Tonne","level":2,"score":0.3012999892234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2991880210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6998450","display_name":"Net energy","level":2,"score":0.2849000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140793950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168091","display_name":"Animal science","level":1,"score":0.28189998865127563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.2797999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.27970001101493835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994071601","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q227870","display_name":"Sugar production","level":3,"score":0.27950000762939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.2766999900341034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777907900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102857","display_name":"Honey bee","level":2,"score":0.27489998936653137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88463610","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194118","display_name":"Agricultural engineering","level":1,"score":0.2727000117301941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.27140000462532043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6927289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1100466","display_name":"Present value","level":2,"score":0.2676999866962433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33070731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7218","display_name":"Toxicology","level":1,"score":0.25110000371932983}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24115247","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24115247","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24115247","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24115248","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24115248","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24115248","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24115247","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24115247","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24115247","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"computes,":[2],"from":[3],"a":[4,12,36,47,59,88,125,171,186],"stated":[5],"flight-energy":[6],"budget,":[7],"the":[8,66,92,137,145,148,157,167,197,207],"distance":[9,61,93],"at":[10,35,58,73,78,84,94,111,117,183,193],"which":[11,95],"honey":[13],"bee":[14],"forage":[15],"trip":[16,99,127,188],"stops":[17],"paying":[18,46],"for":[19],"itself.":[20],"The":[21],"study":[22],"is":[23,142],"simulated,":[24],"not":[25,165],"measured.":[26],"A":[27],"forager":[28],"carrying":[29],"40":[30],"mg":[31],"of":[32,38,51,62,104,131,144,156,206],"nectar,":[33],"flying":[34],"cost":[37,50],"12.0":[39],"J":[40,53],"per":[41,54,98],"kilometre":[42],"each":[43],"way":[44],"and":[45,81,114,192],"fixed":[48],"handling":[49],"15.0":[52],"trip,":[55],"breaks":[56],"even":[57],"one-way":[60],"4.94":[63],"km":[64,72,77,83,110,116],"when":[65],"nectar":[67,162],"contains":[68],"20%":[69,184],"sugar,":[70,75],"7.72":[71],"30%":[74,112,126,149],"10.51":[76],"40%":[79,118],"sugar":[80,113,185],"13.29":[82],"50%":[85],"sugar.":[86,119],"Defining":[87],"working":[89],"radius":[90],"as":[91],"net":[96,134,159],"gain":[97],"has":[100],"fallen":[101],"to":[102],"half":[103],"its":[105,132,204],"zero-distance":[106],"value":[107],"gives":[108],"3.86":[109],"5.25":[115],"At":[120],"three":[121,140,176],"miles":[122,141,177],"(4.83":[123],"km)":[124],"returns":[128,189],"only":[129,154],"37.5%":[130],"maximum":[133],"gain.":[135,160],"Although":[136],"land":[138],"beyond":[139],"60.9%":[143],"area":[146],"inside":[147],"break-even":[150],"circle,":[151],"it":[152],"contributes":[153,200],"31.6%":[155],"area-weighted":[158],"Dilute":[161],"therefore":[163],"does":[164],"support":[166],"familiar":[168],"claim":[169],"that":[170],"colony":[172],"uses":[173],"everything":[174],"within":[175],"in":[178],"any":[179],"economically":[180],"equal":[181],"sense:":[182],"three-mile":[187],"almost":[190],"nothing,":[191],"every":[194],"concentration":[195],"studied":[196],"far":[198,201],"annulus":[199],"less":[202],"than":[203],"share":[205],"land.":[208]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2026-11-11T00:00:00"}
