{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225744829","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-026-03381-w","title":"Seroprevalence of hepatitis B and hepatitis C and its trends in India: a systematic review and meta-analysis","display_name":"Seroprevalence of hepatitis B and hepatitis C and its trends in India: a systematic review and meta-analysis","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225744829","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-026-03381-w"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13643-026-03381-w","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-026-03381-w","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-026-03381-w","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S82452678","display_name":"Systematic Reviews","issn_l":"2046-4053","issn":["2046-4053"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systematic Reviews","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-026-03381-w","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111688123","display_name":"Vivekanandan Shanmugam","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Vivekanandan Shanmugam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chennai Liver Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chennai Liver Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161385604","display_name":"John W. Ward","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128914","display_name":"The Task Force for Global Health","ror":"https://ror.org/03747hz63","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210128914"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John W. Ward","raw_affiliation_strings":["Coalition for Global Hepatitis Elimination, The Task Force for Global Health, Decatur, GA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Coalition for Global Hepatitis Elimination, The Task Force for Global Health, Decatur, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128914"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057599699","display_name":"Lindsey Hiebert","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1681-0916","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1681-0916"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128914","display_name":"The Task Force for Global Health","ror":"https://ror.org/03747hz63","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210128914"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lindsey Hiebert","raw_affiliation_strings":["Coalition for Global Hepatitis Elimination, The Task Force for Global Health, Decatur, GA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Coalition for Global Hepatitis Elimination, The Task Force for Global Health, Decatur, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128914"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005863993","display_name":"Lavanya Ayyasamy","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145286018","display_name":"SRM Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/050113w36","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145286018"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lavanya Ayyasamy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Medical Research, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Medical Research, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145286018"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086581606","display_name":"Murali Krishnan Nambirajan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100069","display_name":"National Institute of Epidemiology","ror":"https://ror.org/011471042","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37048141","https://openalex.org/I4210100069"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Murali Krishnan Nambirajan","raw_affiliation_strings":["ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100069"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124080801","display_name":"Vaishnavi Girija","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Vaishnavi Girija","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chennai Liver Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chennai Liver Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119880868","display_name":"Gomathi Pounraj","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4448-7661","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4448-7661"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gomathi Pounraj","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chennai Liver Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chennai Liver Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5151731791","display_name":"Jayalakshmi Masilamani","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100069","display_name":"National Institute of Epidemiology","ror":"https://ror.org/011471042","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37048141","https://openalex.org/I4210100069"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jayalakshmi Masilamani","raw_affiliation_strings":["ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100069"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161413874","display_name":"Vimal K","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100069","display_name":"National Institute of Epidemiology","ror":"https://ror.org/011471042","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37048141","https://openalex.org/I4210100069"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vimal K","raw_affiliation_strings":["ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100069"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133410879","display_name":"Priyanga Thirunavukkarasu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126824641","display_name":"JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/013x70191","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126824641"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86826812","display_name":"JSS Medical College and Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02xf0fd83","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86826812"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Priyanga Thirunavukkarasu","raw_affiliation_strings":["JSS School of Public Health, JSS Medical College, Mysore, Karnataka, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"JSS School of Public Health, JSS Medical College, Mysore, Karnataka, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126824641","https://openalex.org/I86826812"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161377513","display_name":"Kirubha Lakshmi R","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126824641","display_name":"JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/013x70191","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126824641"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86826812","display_name":"JSS Medical College and Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02xf0fd83","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86826812"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kirubha Lakshmi R","raw_affiliation_strings":["JSS School of Public Health, JSS Medical College, Mysore, Karnataka, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"JSS School of Public Health, JSS Medical College, Mysore, Karnataka, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126824641","https://openalex.org/I86826812"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161396058","display_name":"Ganeshkumar Parasuraman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100069","display_name":"National Institute of Epidemiology","ror":"https://ror.org/011471042","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37048141","https://openalex.org/I4210100069"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ganeshkumar Parasuraman","raw_affiliation_strings":["ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100069"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111688123","https://openalex.org/A5124080801"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3090,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3090},"apc_paid":{"value":3090,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3090},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10340","display_name":"Hepatitis B Virus Studies","score":0.8931000232696533,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10340","display_name":"Hepatitis B Virus Studies","score":0.8931000232696533,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10151","display_name":"Hepatitis C virus research","score":0.10270000249147415,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2721","display_name":"Hepatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12025","display_name":"Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2721","display_name":"Hepatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hepatitis-b","display_name":"hepatitis B","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hepatitis-c","display_name":"hepatitis C","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seroprevalence","display_name":"seroprevalence","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prevalence-trends","display_name":"prevalence trends","score":0.6549999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/india","display_name":"India","score":0.859000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viral-hepatitis-epidemiology","display_name":"viral hepatitis epidemiology","score":0.6140000224113464}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9894999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778494684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3511357","display_name":"Seroprevalence","level":4,"score":0.8790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776455275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154869","display_name":"Hepatitis C","level":2,"score":0.5972999930381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.5670999884605408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777382497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6853","display_name":"Hepatitis B","level":2,"score":0.49720001220703125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776408679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q708693","display_name":"Hepatitis C virus","level":3,"score":0.39329999685287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107130276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133805","display_name":"Epidemiology","level":2,"score":0.3662000000476837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780593183","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6844","display_name":"Hepatitis B virus","level":3,"score":0.3305000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781463415","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2082778","display_name":"Hepacivirus","level":4,"score":0.3190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780727368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1928978","display_name":"Viral disease","level":3,"score":0.3183000087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.3077000081539154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.29789999127388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776029263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131742","display_name":"Hepatitis","level":2,"score":0.2703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159654299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79460","display_name":"Antibody","level":2,"score":0.2702000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.26409998536109924}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13643-026-03381-w","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-026-03381-w","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-026-03381-w","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S82452678","display_name":"Systematic Reviews","issn_l":"2046-4053","issn":["2046-4053"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systematic Reviews","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13643-026-03381-w","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-026-03381-w","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-026-03381-w","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S82452678","display_name":"Systematic Reviews","issn_l":"2046-4053","issn":["2046-4053"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systematic Reviews","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9763000011444092,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F7787795735","display_name":"Task Force for Global Health","ror":"https://ror.org/03747hz63"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2884085169","https://openalex.org/W851608273","https://openalex.org/W6941058463","https://openalex.org/W2768331891","https://openalex.org/W6960051877","https://openalex.org/W1596897957","https://openalex.org/W2999492125","https://openalex.org/W2891824060","https://openalex.org/W6977324140","https://openalex.org/W2612096330"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Hepatitis":[0,4,342,353],"B":[1],"(HBV)":[2],"and":[3,26,40,46,54,68,122,157,178,215,227,252,321,332,346],"C":[5],"(HCV)":[6],"are":[7,335],"major":[8],"public":[9],"health":[10],"challenges":[11],"in":[12,49,84,135,152,211,224,248,275,303,311,323],"India.":[13,85,230,312,324],"Yet,":[14],"the":[15,30,33,244,278,304,316,349],"existing":[16],"prevalence":[17,200,221,233],"studies":[18,71,90,129,144,281],"differ":[19],"significantly":[20],"regarding":[21],"population":[22],"characteristics,":[23],"geographic":[24,155],"location,":[25],"study":[27,119,153,158,197,314],"design,":[28],"complicating":[29],"interpretation":[31],"of":[32,277,306,319],"overall":[34],"disease":[35],"burden.":[36],"This":[37,313],"systematic":[38,61],"review":[39,357],"meta-analysis":[41],"aimed":[42],"to":[43,76,125,208,337,347],"synthesize":[44],"HBV":[45,80,131,169,199,220,267,320],"HCV":[47,82,133,246,270,322],"seroprevalence":[48,83,105,134,162,247],"India":[50,136,250,254],"from":[51,73,202],"available":[52],"evidence":[53],"identify":[55],"variations":[56],"across":[57,102,143,196,309],"key":[58],"subpopulations.":[59],"A":[60],"search":[62],"was":[63,106,141,163,194,222,234,287],"conducted":[64,115],"on":[65,92,95],"PubMed,":[66],"Embase,":[67],"Scopus":[69],"for":[70,168,183],"published":[72],"January":[74],"1999":[75],"September":[77],"2024":[78],"reporting":[79,130],"and/or":[81],"Following":[86],"PRISMA":[87],"guidelines,":[88],"87":[89,279],"(61":[91],"HBV,":[93],"69":[94],"HCV)":[96],"were":[97,114,137,273],"included.":[98,138],"Given":[99],"substantial":[100,192],"heterogeneity":[101,140,302],"studies,":[103],"pooled":[104,161],"estimated":[107],"using":[108],"a":[109,290,295],"random-effects":[110],"model.":[111],"Subgroup":[112],"analyses":[113],"by":[116],"publication":[117],"year,":[118],"setting,":[120],"population,":[121],"geographical":[123],"region":[124],"explore":[126],"variability.":[127],"Eighty-seven":[128],"or":[132,269],"Considerable":[139],"observed":[142,195],"(":[145,173,186],"I":[146],"2":[147],">":[148],"99%),":[149],"reflecting":[150],"differences":[151],"populations,":[154],"regions,":[156],"settings.":[159],"The":[160],"3.0%":[164],"[95%":[165,180],"CI":[166],"2.0\u20134.0%]":[167],"(HBsAg":[170],"+":[171],")":[172],"n":[174,187],"=":[175,188],"693,879":[176],"participants)":[177],"4.0%":[179],"CI:":[181],"2.0\u20137.0%]":[182],"anti-HCV":[184],"antibody":[185],"1,079,706":[189],"participants).":[190],"However,":[191],"variation":[193],"populations.":[198],"ranged":[201],"approximately":[203],"1.0%":[204],"among":[205,237],"blood":[206],"donors":[207],"higher":[209,236],"levels":[210],"community-based":[212,327],"settings":[213],"(7.0%)":[214],"high-risk":[216,238],"populations":[217,239,310],"(4.0%).":[218],"Geographically,":[219],"highest":[223,245],"Northern":[225,253],"(3.0%)":[226,229],"Western":[228],"For":[231],"HCV,":[232],"markedly":[235],"(11.0%).":[240],"Regional":[241],"analysis":[242],"showed":[243],"Eastern":[249],"(10.0%)":[251],"(6.0%).":[255],"Molecular":[256],"confirmatory":[257],"tests":[258],"such":[259],"as":[260,289],"reverse":[261],"transcription":[262],"polymerase":[263],"chain":[264],"reaction":[265],"(RT-PCR),":[266],"DNA,":[268],"RNA":[271],"detection":[272],"reported":[274],"19":[276],"included":[280],"(21.8%);":[282],"chemiluminescent":[283],"microparticle":[284],"immunoassay":[285,292],"(CMIA)":[286],"classified":[288],"serological":[291],"rather":[293],"than":[294],"molecular":[296,330],"method.":[297],"These":[298],"findings":[299],"indicate":[300],"considerable":[301],"epidemiology":[305],"viral":[307],"hepatitis":[308],"highlights":[315],"persistent":[317],"burden":[318],"Scaling":[325],"up":[326],"screening,":[328],"decentralizing":[329],"testing,":[331],"improving":[333],"linkage-to-care":[334],"essential":[336],"strengthen":[338],"India\u2019s":[339],"National":[340],"Viral":[341,352],"Control":[343],"Programme":[344],"(NVHCP)":[345],"achieve":[348],"WHO":[350],"2030":[351],"elimination":[354],"targets.":[355],"Systematic":[356],"registration:":[358],"PROSPERO":[359],"CRD42024576147":[360]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2026-11-11T00:00:00"}
