{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225741889","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-79160-3","title":"Microplastic exposure reduces plant biomass and chlorophyll content with no detectable safety advantage for biodegradable polymers","display_name":"Microplastic exposure reduces plant biomass and chlorophyll content with no detectable safety advantage for biodegradable polymers","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225741889","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-79160-3"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-026-79160-3","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-79160-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-79160-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-79160-3","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019128479","display_name":"Burcu Y\u00fcksel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8691-6447","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8691-6447","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4023-4536"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51826884","display_name":"Kocaeli \u00dcniversitesi","ror":"https://ror.org/0411seq30","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51826884"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Burcu Yuksel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51826884"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057692896","display_name":"Nurullah Ery\u0131lmaz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1916-8295","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1916-8295"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113456305","display_name":"Leuphana University of L\u00fcneburg","ror":"https://ror.org/02w2y2t16","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113456305"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nurullah Eryilmaz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Leuphana University, Luneburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Leuphana University, Luneburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113456305"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5057692896"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113456305"],"apc_list":{"value":2690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2690},"apc_paid":{"value":2690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2690},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10753","display_name":"Microplastics and Plastic Pollution","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10753","display_name":"Microplastics and Plastic Pollution","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10447","display_name":"Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10419","display_name":"Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780401329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6839919","display_name":"Microplastics","level":2,"score":0.9797000288963318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115540264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2945560","display_name":"Biomass (ecology)","level":2,"score":0.6801999807357788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776373379","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43177","display_name":"Chlorophyll","level":2,"score":0.5475999712944031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5013999938964844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45211672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4119016","display_name":"Biodegradable polymer","level":3,"score":0.4961000084877014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778902199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133878","display_name":"Chlorophyll a","level":2,"score":0.41839998960494995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107872376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355","display_name":"Environmental chemistry","level":1,"score":0.40299999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12949176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4671452","display_name":"Terrestrial plant","level":2,"score":0.38339999318122864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.35899999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C528095902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2283886","display_name":"Pulp and paper industry","level":1,"score":0.3564999997615814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780129114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q908942","display_name":"Plastic mulch","level":3,"score":0.311599999666214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33070731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7218","display_name":"Toxicology","level":1,"score":0.28870001435279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780955318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864487","display_name":"Biodegradable plastic","level":2,"score":0.28630000352859497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183688256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11982","display_name":"Photosynthesis","level":2,"score":0.2711000144481659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31903555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637030","display_name":"Food science","level":1,"score":0.25780001282691956}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-026-79160-3","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-79160-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-79160-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-026-79160-3","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-79160-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-79160-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Biodegradable":[1],"plastics":[2],"are":[3,19,174],"increasingly":[4],"promoted":[5],"as":[6],"environmentally":[7],"preferable":[8],"substitutes":[9],"for":[10,41,89,92,176],"conventional":[11,39,93,179],"polyethylene,":[12],"yet":[13],"whether":[14],"the":[15,108,125],"microplastics":[16,40,94,135,173],"they":[17],"release":[18],"less":[20],"harmful":[21],"to":[22,149],"plants":[23,177],"remains":[24],"unresolved.":[25],"We":[26],"systematically":[27],"reviewed":[28],"and":[29,38,49,64,74,142,194],"meta-analysed":[30],"31":[31],"studies":[32],"(323":[33],"effect":[34],"sizes)":[35],"comparing":[36],"biodegradable":[37,90,134,172,210],"effects":[42,160],"on":[43,146,206],"terrestrial":[44],"plant":[45,62],"growth,":[46],"chlorophyll":[47,75,101],"content":[48,76],"genotoxicity,":[50],"using":[51],"random-effects":[52],"models":[53],"with":[54,116],"robust":[55,162],"variance":[56],"estimation.":[57],"Microplastic":[58],"exposure":[59],"significantly":[60],"reduced":[61],"biomass":[63,126],"growth":[65],"(\u2212":[66,77,128],"19.2%,":[67],"95%":[68,79],"CI":[69,80],"[\u2212":[70,81],"29.5,":[71],"\u2212":[72,83,96,99,102,105,131],"7.3])":[73],"19.5%,":[78],"30.4,":[82],"6.8]).":[84],"Reductions":[85],"were":[86,161],"numerically":[87],"larger":[88],"than":[91,123,178],"(biomass":[95],"22.1%":[97],"vs.":[98,104,130],"13.3%;":[100],"26.8%":[103],"10.1%),":[106],"but":[107,159],"between-class":[109],"difference":[110,184],"was":[111,153],"not":[112,186],"statistically":[113],"significant.":[114],"Co-exposure":[115],"heavy":[117],"metals":[118],"or":[119],"other":[120],"stressors":[121,191],"more":[122],"doubled":[124],"reduction":[127],"40.1%":[129],"16.2%).":[132],"Aged":[133],"showed":[136],"a":[137,182],"non-significant":[138,183],"trend":[139],"towards":[140],"genotoxic":[141,198],"cytotoxic":[143],"responses,":[144],"based":[145],"only":[147],"two":[148],"three":[150],"studies.":[151],"Heterogeneity":[152],"extreme":[154],"(I":[155],"2":[156],"\u2248":[157],"96\u2013100%),":[158],"in":[163],"sensitivity":[164],"analyses.":[165],"These":[166,202],"results":[167],"provide":[168],"no":[169],"evidence":[170,187],"that":[171],"safer":[175],"ones,":[180],"although":[181],"is":[185],"of":[188,209],"equivalence;":[189],"co-occurring":[190],"intensify":[192],"phytotoxicity,":[193],"ageing":[195],"may":[196],"introduce":[197],"potential,":[199],"pending":[200],"confirmation.":[201],"findings":[203],"bear":[204],"directly":[205],"environmental":[207],"evaluation":[208],"mulch":[211],"films.":[212]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2026-11-11T00:00:00"}