{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225739613","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24108652","title":"The Health Data Problem: How Countries Can Turn Fragmented Patient Records Into Better Care and Responsible AI","display_name":"The Health Data Problem: How Countries Can Turn Fragmented Patient Records Into Better Care and Responsible AI","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225739613","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24108652"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24108652","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24108652","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24108652","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24108652","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161324139","display_name":"Seyed Alireza Alhosseini Almodarresieh","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Seyed Alireza Alhosseini Almodarresieh","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5161324139"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10350","display_name":"Electronic Health Records Systems","score":0.9810000061988831,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10350","display_name":"Electronic Health Records Systems","score":0.9810000061988831,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.00839999970048666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14400","display_name":"Medical Coding and Health Information","score":0.003700000001117587,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780233690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535347","display_name":"Transparency (behavior)","level":2,"score":0.7092999815940857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5425999760627747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188198153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1613840","display_name":"Limiting","level":2,"score":0.5066999793052673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.46880000829696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017977704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18745135","display_name":"Health data","level":3,"score":0.4406000077724457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.42590001225471497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.41850000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019952477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324077","display_name":"Health records","level":3,"score":0.3869999945163727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.35589998960494995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778149918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3291156","display_name":"Population health","level":3,"score":0.353300005197525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83864248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177323","display_name":"Developing country","level":2,"score":0.3467000126838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988170871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11000047","display_name":"Healthcare system","level":3,"score":0.3409999907016754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.33660000562667847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.32919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.3262999951839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195910791","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324077","display_name":"Medical record","level":2,"score":0.3183000087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196879817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q872685","display_name":"Data governance","level":4,"score":0.31439998745918274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39389867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380767","display_name":"Corporate governance","level":2,"score":0.3102000057697296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69360830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172237","display_name":"Data Protection Act 1998","level":2,"score":0.30320000648498535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776007630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2798912","display_name":"Accountability","level":2,"score":0.30059999227523804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75684735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q858810","display_name":"Big data","level":2,"score":0.28760001063346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778572836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380933","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","level":2,"score":0.28450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2806999981403351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135572916","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193351","display_name":"Data warehouse","level":2,"score":0.27900001406669617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018822202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324077","display_name":"Patient data","level":2,"score":0.27900001406669617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47487241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5227230","display_name":"Data access","level":2,"score":0.2775000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47344431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1519812","display_name":"Health policy","level":3,"score":0.27309998869895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.2727000117301941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180198813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121182","display_name":"Information system","level":2,"score":0.2700999975204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49895821","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5227368","display_name":"Data verification","level":2,"score":0.2615000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78244369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104840706","display_name":"Added value","level":2,"score":0.26010000705718994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986740045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health services","level":3,"score":0.257999986410141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24756922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1757694","display_name":"Data quality","level":3,"score":0.2563999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.2549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778306010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q606563","display_name":"Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act","level":3,"score":0.2549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123201435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q456632","display_name":"Information privacy","level":2,"score":0.2547000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184356942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830382","display_name":"Best practice","level":2,"score":0.25119999051094055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71745522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2476929","display_name":"Confidentiality","level":2,"score":0.2500999867916107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983635472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334911","display_name":"Health insurance","level":3,"score":0.2500999867916107}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24108652","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24108652","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24108652","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24108653","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24108653","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24108653","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24108652","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24108652","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24108652","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Health":[0,99],"systems":[1],"generate":[2],"enormous":[3],"volumes":[4],"of":[5,14,23,31,66,132,156,174,195],"clinical,":[6],"laboratory,":[7],"pharmacy,":[8],"imaging,and":[9],"insurance":[10],"data.":[11],"However,":[12],"much":[13],"this":[15],"information":[16],"remains":[17],"fragmented":[18],"across":[19],"disconnectedsystems,":[20],"limiting":[21],"continuity":[22],"care,":[24,177],"public-health":[25,179],"surveillance,":[26],"research,":[27],"and":[28,52,80,91,96,134,163,178,234],"the":[29,70,73,92,97,130,137,143,153,172,183,208,267],"safedeployment":[30],"artificial":[32],"intelligence":[33],"(AI).This":[34],"article":[35],"proposes":[36],"a":[37,63,125,189,198,222],"practical,":[38],"policy-oriented":[39],"framework":[40],"for":[41,94],"transforming":[42],"fragmentedhealth":[43],"data":[44,210],"into":[45],"better":[46],"clinical":[47,228],"decisions,":[48],"stronger":[49],"health-system":[50],"governance,":[51],"responsibleAI":[53],"deployment,":[54],"with":[55,260],"particular":[56],"attention":[57,262],"to":[58,206,220,263,275],"developing":[59,190],"countries.":[60],"It":[61],"uses":[62],"comparativepolicy":[64],"analysis":[65,108],"eight":[67],"jurisdictions\u2014South":[68],"Korea,":[69],"United":[71,74,138],"States,":[72],"ArabEmirates,":[75],"Denmark,":[76],"Estonia,":[77],"Singapore,":[78],"Taiwan,":[79],"India\u2014complemented":[81],"by":[82],"an":[83,103],"analysisof":[84],"prominent":[85],"implementation":[86],"failures":[87],"(England\u2019s":[88],"care.data":[89],"programme":[90],"NationalProgramme":[93],"IT)":[95],"European":[98],"Data":[100],"Space":[101],"as":[102,250],"emerging":[104],"supranational":[105],"legaltemplate.":[106],"The":[107],"identifies":[109],"complementary":[110],"strengths,":[111],"transferable":[112],"lessons,":[113],"limitations,and":[114],"failure":[115],"modes.The":[116],"central":[117],"finding":[118],"is":[119,219,244],"that":[120,226,270],"no":[121],"single":[122],"country":[123],"provides":[124],"complete":[126],"model.":[127],"South":[128],"Koreademonstrates":[129],"value":[131,155],"federated":[133],"distributed":[135],"analysis;":[136],"States":[139],"highlightsstandardized":[140],"FHIR-based":[141],"interoperability;":[142],"UAE":[144],"shows":[145],"how":[146],"regulatory":[147],"coordination":[148],"canaccelerate":[149],"adoption;":[150],"Denmark":[151],"illustrates":[152],"long-term":[154],"linked":[157],"population":[158],"data;":[159,180],"Estoniaemphasizes":[160],"patient":[161,230,264],"transparency":[162],"trust;":[164],"Singapore":[165],"focuses":[166],"on":[167],"secure":[168],"AI":[169,214],"deployment;Taiwan":[170],"demonstrates":[171],"potential":[173],"linking":[175],"insurance,":[176],"andIndia":[181],"offers":[182],"most":[184],"relevant":[185],"large-scale":[186],"experience":[187],"from":[188],"country,":[191],"including":[192],"thepractical":[193],"challenges":[194],"adoption":[196],"in":[197],"mixed":[199],"health":[200,238],"system.Countries":[201],"should":[202],"not":[203],"aim":[204],"simply":[205],"build":[207],"largest":[209],"warehouse":[211],"or":[212],"deploy":[213],"at":[215],"scale.The":[216],"strategic":[217],"priority":[218],"create":[221],"trusted":[223],"health-data":[224],"ecosystem":[225],"improves":[227],"decisions,protects":[229],"rights,":[231],"strengthens":[232],"equity,":[233],"enables":[235],"measurable":[236],"improvementsin":[237],"outcomes.":[239],"A":[240],"phased,":[241],"use-case-driven":[242],"approach":[243],"recommended,":[245],"beginning":[246],"withhigh-value":[247],"applications":[248],"such":[249],"reducing":[251],"duplicate":[252],"tests,":[253],"preventing":[254],"medication":[255],"errors,":[256],"andimproving":[257],"discharge":[258],"documentation,":[259],"explicit":[261],"matching,":[265],"cybersecurity,and":[266],"institutional":[268],"preconditions":[269],"have":[271],"caused":[272],"comparable":[273],"programmes":[274],"failelsewhere.":[276]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2026-11-11T00:00:00"}
