{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225737792","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24103939","title":"Principal Leadership as School Security Governance: An Integrated Analysis of Administrative Strategies and Secondary School Safety in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria","display_name":"Principal Leadership as School Security Governance: An Integrated Analysis of Administrative Strategies and Secondary School Safety in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225737792","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24103939"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24103939","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24103939","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24103939","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407066308","display_name":"GPH-International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research","issn_l":"3050-9637","issn":["3050-9637"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24103939","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027665044","display_name":"Samuel Okposin Edward","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405264009","display_name":"Heritage Polytechnic","ror":"https://ror.org/00p324w42","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405264009"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edward, Samuel Okposin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Business Administration, Heritage Polytechnic, Eket, Akwa Ibom State Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Business Administration, Heritage Polytechnic, Eket, Akwa Ibom State Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405264009"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161363705","display_name":"Esther Emem Thompson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405264009","display_name":"Heritage Polytechnic","ror":"https://ror.org/00p324w42","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405264009"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thompson, Esther Emem","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Business Administration, Heritage Polytechnic, Eket, Akwa Ibom State Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Business Administration, Heritage Polytechnic, Eket, Akwa Ibom State Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405264009"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161377088","display_name":"Glory Imaikop Ben","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405264009","display_name":"Heritage Polytechnic","ror":"https://ror.org/00p324w42","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405264009"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ben, Glory Imaikop","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Business Administration, Heritage Polytechnic, Eket, Akwa Ibom State Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Business Administration, Heritage Polytechnic, Eket, Akwa Ibom State Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405264009"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405264009"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13884","display_name":"Educational Leadership and Practices","score":0.44780001044273376,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13884","display_name":"Educational Leadership and Practices","score":0.44780001044273376,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14203","display_name":"Education, Safety, and Science Studies","score":0.3700999915599823,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12952","display_name":"School Leadership and Teacher Performance","score":0.11150000244379044,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144559511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2986279","display_name":"Principal (computer security)","level":2,"score":0.7092999815940857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39389867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380767","display_name":"Corporate governance","level":2,"score":0.559499979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.4693000018596649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.4359000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.4034999907016754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164850336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3685487","display_name":"Interpersonal communication","level":2,"score":0.3743000030517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.35589998960494995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.34549999237060547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3366999924182892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3111000061035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3116431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728","display_name":"Public administration","level":1,"score":0.3084000051021576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777855551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12310021","display_name":"Subject (documents)","level":2,"score":0.3043999969959259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986045029","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q294240","display_name":"Public security","level":2,"score":0.302700012922287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91034043","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223642","display_name":"Interpersonal relationship","level":2,"score":0.29350000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38104776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932071","display_name":"Industrial relations","level":2,"score":0.2906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.2606000006198883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780526558","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1345314","display_name":"Good governance","level":3,"score":0.2583000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986587452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q938438","display_name":"Statistical analysis","level":2,"score":0.2574000060558319}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24103939","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24103939","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24103939","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407066308","display_name":"GPH-International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research","issn_l":"3050-9637","issn":["3050-9637"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24103940","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24103940","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24103940","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407066308","display_name":"GPH-International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research","issn_l":"3050-9637","issn":["3050-9637"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24103939","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24103939","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24103939","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407066308","display_name":"GPH-International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research","issn_l":"3050-9637","issn":["3050-9637"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"This":[1],"manuscript":[2,85,175],"examines":[3],"the":[4,27,70,74,117,160],"relationship":[5],"between":[6,56],"principals\u2019":[7],"administrative":[8,119],"strategies":[9,120],"and":[10,51,53,59,66,80,103,132,138,150,156,170,183,198,204],"effective":[11],"security":[12],"management":[13,165],"in":[14,18,26,41],"public":[15],"secondary":[16],"schools":[17],"Akwa":[19,215],"Ibom":[20,216],"State,":[21],"Nigeria.":[22],"It":[23],"is":[24,143,180],"grounded":[25],"preliminary":[28,72],"dissertation":[29],"by":[30],"Akpan":[31],"(2020),":[32],"which":[33],"reports":[34],"a":[35,163,181],"correlational":[36],"study":[37],"of":[38,49,186],"240":[39],"principals":[40],"80":[42],"schools,":[43],"two":[44],"researcher-developed":[45],"questionnaires,":[46],"reliability":[47],"coefficients":[48,89],".871":[50],".921,":[52],"significant":[54],"relationships":[55],"security-management":[57],"effectiveness":[58,142],"shared":[60,123],"decision-making,":[61],"discipline":[62],"management,":[63],"communication,":[64,129],"motivation,":[65],"interpersonal":[67],"relationships.":[68],"Because":[69],"supplied":[71],"omits":[73],"numerical":[75],"results":[76,203],"tables,":[77],"instruments,":[78],"dataset,":[79],"full":[81],"reference":[82],"list,":[83],"this":[84],"does":[86],"not":[87],"invent":[88],"or":[90],"claim":[91],"causal":[92],"effects.":[93],"A":[94],"focused":[95],"literature":[96],"synthesis":[97,114],"integrates":[98],"school-climate,":[99],"distributed-leadership,":[100],"prevention,":[101,146],"safeguarding,":[102],"emergency-management":[104],"evidence":[105],"to":[106,136],"develop":[107],"an":[108],"original":[109,154],"school-security":[110],"governance":[111],"model.":[112],"The":[113,174],"proposes":[115],"that":[116,177],"five":[118],"operate":[121],"through":[122],"risk":[124],"knowledge,":[125],"procedural":[126],"fairness,":[127],"trusted":[128],"staff":[130],"readiness,":[131],"relational":[133],"trust,":[134],"subject":[135],"resource":[137],"community":[139],"conditions.":[140],"Security":[141],"defined":[144],"across":[145],"preparedness,":[147],"response,":[148],"recovery,":[149],"perceived":[151],"safety.":[152],"Four":[153],"figures":[155],"three":[157],"tables":[158],"translate":[159],"analysis":[161],"into":[162],"continuous":[164],"cycle,":[166],"layered":[167],"prevention":[168],"architecture,":[169],"practical":[171],"monitoring":[172],"framework.":[173],"concludes":[176],"principal":[178,211],"practice":[179],"plausible":[182],"important":[184],"component":[185],"school":[187,209,213],"security,":[188,210],"but":[189],"improvement":[190],"requires":[191],"system":[192],"support,":[193],"rights-based":[194],"procedures,":[195],"valid":[196],"measurement,":[197],"follow-up":[199],"research":[200],"using":[201],"complete":[202],"multiple":[205],"data":[206],"sources.":[207],"Keywords:":[208],"leadership,":[212],"climate,":[214],"State":[217]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2026-11-11T00:00:00"}