{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225736440","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21650373.2026.2748342","title":"Ca(OH) 2 -regulated AFt-gel intergrowth and strength development in low-clinker slag binders under fixed sulfate supply","display_name":"Ca(OH) 2 -regulated AFt-gel intergrowth and strength development in low-clinker slag binders under fixed sulfate supply","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225736440","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21650373.2026.2748342"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/21650373.2026.2748342","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21650373.2026.2748342","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21650373.2026.2748342","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764549728","display_name":"Journal of Sustainable Cement-Based Materials","issn_l":"2165-0373","issn":["2165-0373","2165-0381"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Sustainable Cement-Based Materials","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161364892","display_name":"Le Xu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25757504","display_name":"China University of Mining and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01xt2dr21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Le Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Materials and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Materials and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077340414","display_name":"Qingkun Meng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3488-429X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3488-429X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25757504","display_name":"China University of Mining and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01xt2dr21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qingkun Meng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Materials and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Materials and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025224354","display_name":"Bin Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4640-7829","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4640-7829","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0224-6381"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25757504","display_name":"China University of Mining and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01xt2dr21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bin Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Materials and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Materials and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004497930","display_name":"Qing Yin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8875-5488","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8875-5488"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25757504","display_name":"China University of Mining and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01xt2dr21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qing Yin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Materials and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Materials and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137093934","display_name":"Danyang Zhao","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25757504","display_name":"China University of Mining and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01xt2dr21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Danyang Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Materials and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Materials and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065225463","display_name":"Yanwei Sui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5740-6111","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5740-6111"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25757504","display_name":"China University of Mining and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01xt2dr21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanwei Sui","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Materials and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Materials and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058110449","display_name":"Fuxiang Wei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6467-4096","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6467-4096"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25757504","display_name":"China University of Mining and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01xt2dr21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fuxiang Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Materials and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Materials and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019166627","display_name":"Hongsheng Tu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8792-2678","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8792-2678"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25757504","display_name":"China University of Mining and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01xt2dr21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hongsheng Tu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mines, China University of Mining and Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mines, China University of Mining and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161369660","display_name":"Lei Zhu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25757504","display_name":"China University of Mining and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01xt2dr21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4399598474","display_name":"China University of Mining and Technology - Beijing","ror":"https://ror.org/003ncxf91","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4399598474"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lei Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Modern Analysis and Testing Center, China University of Mining and Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Modern Analysis and Testing Center, China University of Mining and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504","https://openalex.org/I4399598474"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088823772","display_name":"Jiqiu Qi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5431-0504","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5431-0504","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6913-3587","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0752-3413"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25757504","display_name":"China University of Mining and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01xt2dr21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jiqiu Qi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Materials and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Materials and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5019166627","https://openalex.org/A5088823772","https://openalex.org/A5161369660"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25757504","https://openalex.org/I4399598474"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"17"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10033","display_name":"Concrete and Cement Materials Research","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10033","display_name":"Concrete and Cement Materials Research","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13039","display_name":"Magnesium Oxide Properties and Applications","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12152","display_name":"Concrete Properties and Behavior","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49852136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q906487","display_name":"Depolymerization","level":2,"score":0.6868000030517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6219000220298767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30407753","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186191","display_name":"Compressive strength","level":2,"score":0.544700026512146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778343803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172290","display_name":"Sulfate","level":2,"score":0.49480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174348530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188635","display_name":"Bridging (networking)","level":2,"score":0.4675000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.40560001134872437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779229104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82658","display_name":"Gypsum","level":2,"score":0.4036000072956085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.40230000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.3700999915599823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20965850","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7315516","display_name":"Residual strength","level":2,"score":0.3434999883174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155512373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287450","display_name":"Residual","level":2,"score":0.32260000705718994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87976508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1498213","display_name":"Microstructure","level":2,"score":0.31690001487731934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159048435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17105783","display_name":"Slag (welding)","level":2,"score":0.31220000982284546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780841128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5073781","display_name":"Characterization (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.27639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79148161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4456874","display_name":"Strengthening mechanisms of materials","level":3,"score":0.2680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199289684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83353","display_name":"Mineralogy","level":1,"score":0.25609999895095825}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/21650373.2026.2748342","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21650373.2026.2748342","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21650373.2026.2748342","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764549728","display_name":"Journal of Sustainable Cement-Based Materials","issn_l":"2165-0373","issn":["2165-0373","2165-0381"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Sustainable Cement-Based Materials","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2053004061","https://openalex.org/W2178204769","https://openalex.org/W2931707649","https://openalex.org/W2944705956","https://openalex.org/W3127806342","https://openalex.org/W3216321354","https://openalex.org/W4224278892","https://openalex.org/W4307761908","https://openalex.org/W4307899833","https://openalex.org/W4310736934","https://openalex.org/W4317669885","https://openalex.org/W4386072721","https://openalex.org/W4386816707","https://openalex.org/W4388840498","https://openalex.org/W4389194675","https://openalex.org/W4395456419","https://openalex.org/W4399531767","https://openalex.org/W4401502952","https://openalex.org/W4404442228","https://openalex.org/W4404971775","https://openalex.org/W4405741482","https://openalex.org/W4406789895","https://openalex.org/W4406980972","https://openalex.org/W4407133262","https://openalex.org/W4407363945","https://openalex.org/W4407785215","https://openalex.org/W4408044711","https://openalex.org/W4408802826","https://openalex.org/W4410432825","https://openalex.org/W4410800868","https://openalex.org/W4411115980","https://openalex.org/W4411406887","https://openalex.org/W4411674431","https://openalex.org/W4413140136","https://openalex.org/W4413159995","https://openalex.org/W4413419477","https://openalex.org/W4413801283","https://openalex.org/W4414120371","https://openalex.org/W4414446103","https://openalex.org/W4415081369","https://openalex.org/W4415901253","https://openalex.org/W4415978666","https://openalex.org/W4416543238","https://openalex.org/W4416966170","https://openalex.org/W4417128631","https://openalex.org/W4417407112","https://openalex.org/W7117296830","https://openalex.org/W7117874291","https://openalex.org/W7118798536","https://openalex.org/W7131360089","https://openalex.org/W7132823307","https://openalex.org/W7138231905","https://openalex.org/W7143608453","https://openalex.org/W7164771968","https://openalex.org/W7164808085","https://openalex.org/W7169602092"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"performance":[1],"limitations":[2],"of":[3,74],"high-slag,":[4],"low-clinker":[5],"binders":[6],"arise":[7],"from":[8],"restricted":[9],"hydration":[10],"and":[11,16,33,41,49,64,77,83,92,98,103,107,124,142],"insufficient":[12],"synergy":[13],"between":[14],"crystalline":[15],"gel":[17,109],"phases.":[18],"Under":[19],"fixed":[20],"sulfate":[21,128],"supply,":[22],"this":[23],"study":[24],"investigates":[25],"how":[26],"Ca(OH)2":[27,46,66,88,117],"regulates":[28],"macroscopic":[29],"properties,":[30],"hydration-product":[31],"evolution,":[32],"AFt/C-(A)-S-H":[34],"formation":[35],"in":[36],"OPC-GGBFS":[37],"binders.":[38],"Macroscopic":[39],"tests":[40],"multiscale":[42],"characterization":[43],"show":[44],"that":[45],"accelerates":[47],"setting":[48],"exerts":[50],"a":[51,111],"non-monotonic":[52],"influence":[53],"on":[54],"strength.":[55],"C40A8":[56],"(40%":[57],"OPC,":[58],"55%":[59],"GGBFS,":[60],"5%":[61],"hemihydrate":[62],"gypsum,":[63],"8%":[65],"added":[67],"by":[68],"base-powder":[69],"mass)":[70],"achieves":[71],"compressive":[72],"strengths":[73],"26.44,":[75],"38.34,":[76],"49.23":[78],"MPa":[79],"at":[80],"3,":[81],"7,":[82],"28":[84],"d,":[85],"respectively.":[86],"Appropriate":[87],"promotes":[89],"slag-network":[90],"depolymerization":[91],"Si/Al":[93],"release,":[94],"facilitating":[95],"coordinated":[96],"AFt":[97,105,130],"C-(A)-S-H":[99],"formation.":[100],"Interpenetrating,":[101],"coating,":[102],"bridging":[104],"needles":[106],"continuous":[108],"form":[110],"dense":[112],"crystal-gel":[113,137],"network,":[114],"whereas":[115],"excess":[116],"increases":[118],"residual":[119],"CH,":[120],"local":[121],"Ca":[122],"enrichment,":[123],"structural":[125],"heterogeneity.":[126],"Fixed":[127],"stabilizes":[129],"formation,":[131],"while":[132],"suitable":[133],"calcium-alkaline":[134],"supply":[135],"optimizes":[136],"organization,":[138],"enabling":[139],"synergistic":[140],"strengthening":[141],"guiding":[143],"low-clinker,":[144],"high-slag":[145],"binder":[146],"design.":[147]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2026-11-11T00:00:00"}
