{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225733667","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24110741","title":"Primordial Black Holes in the Aldred Frame: A Formation Floor, a Truncated Spectrum, and the Remnant Abundance Ceiling","display_name":"Primordial Black Holes in the Aldred Frame: A Formation Floor, a Truncated Spectrum, and the Remnant Abundance Ceiling","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225733667","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24110741"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24110741","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24110741","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24110741","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24110741","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159396451","display_name":"William Alexander Aldred","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Aldred, William Alexander","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1215-577X","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5159396451"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10095","display_name":"Cosmology and Gravitation Theories","score":0.9785000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10095","display_name":"Cosmology and Gravitation Theories","score":0.9785000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11090","display_name":"Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena","score":0.006200000178068876,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10025","display_name":"Black Holes and Theoretical Physics","score":0.002899999963119626,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.7935000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182877743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155939","display_name":"Primordial black hole","level":4,"score":0.7799000144004822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.6352999806404114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50341732","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q880302","display_name":"Black hole (networking)","level":5,"score":0.46299999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159176650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43261","display_name":"Horizon","level":2,"score":0.4034999907016754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777586563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2995755","display_name":"Density contrast","level":2,"score":0.39149999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166126730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q725309","display_name":"Planck","level":2,"score":0.3849000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.3605000078678131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126320844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1153477","display_name":"Cold dark matter","level":3,"score":0.3255999982357025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159249277","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79925","display_name":"Dark matter","level":2,"score":0.30169999599456787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778751112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q835016","display_name":"Window (computing)","level":2,"score":0.2856000065803528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26405456","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q338","display_name":"Cosmology","level":2,"score":0.28029999136924744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84999194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1","display_name":"Universe","level":2,"score":0.267300009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777293921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7316045","display_name":"Rest frame","level":4,"score":0.2554999887943268}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24110741","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24110741","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24110741","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24110743","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24110743","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24110743","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24110741","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24110741","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24110741","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Applies":[0],"the":[1,33,59,82,93,111,115,126,135,146,174,182,195,198,201,222,232,242,262,274,286,289,299],"Aldred":[2,283],"frame":[3,205],"(Einstein-Cartan":[4],"spin-torsion":[5],"gravity":[6],"with":[7,39,160,225,273],"density":[8,162,176],"cap":[9],"rho_A":[10],"=":[11,41,51,68,101,105,123,164,213,217,246,250],"9.72e54":[12],"g/cm^3;":[13],"collapse":[14],"floor":[15,83,112,127,136],"and":[16,49,62,96,128,188,206,237,271,294],"evaporation":[17,234],"remnant":[18,159],"coincident":[19],"at":[20,55,58,118,125,130,181,185,190,229],"8.66e13":[21,85,149,157],"g":[22,57,65,150,153,158],"for":[23,221],"a":[24,44,155],"uniform":[25],"core)":[26],"to":[27,151,172],"primordial":[28,76],"black":[29,77],"hole":[30,78,143],"formation":[31,53,98,108],"in":[32,145,194,203],"radiation":[34],"era.":[35],"(a)":[36],"Standard":[37],"spectrum:":[38],"M_H":[40],"c^3":[42],"t/G,":[43],"stated":[45],"piecewise-constant":[46],"g*(T)":[47],"treatment,":[48],"gamma":[50],"0.2,":[52],"opens":[54],"4.35e-6":[56],"Planck":[60],"time":[61],"reaches":[63],"8.07e37":[64],"by":[66,261,282],"t":[67,100],"1":[69],"s.":[70],"(b)":[71],"The":[72],"frame's":[73,300],"modification:":[74],"no":[75],"can":[79],"form":[80],"below":[81,231],"mass":[84],"g,":[86,132,187,211],"removing":[87],"19.3":[88],"orders":[89],"of":[90,241,276,288],"magnitude":[91],"from":[92],"low-mass":[94],"end":[95],"closing":[97],"before":[99,302],"1.07e-24":[102],"s":[103],"(T":[104],"4.67e11":[106],"MeV);":[107],"efficiency":[109],"above":[110,197],"is":[113,137],"unchanged,":[114],"torsion":[116],"correction":[117],"horizon":[119],"entry":[120],"being":[121],"(M_floor/M_H)^2":[122],"4.0%":[124],"3.0e-4":[129],"1e15":[131],"so":[133],"only":[134],"new.":[138],"(c)":[139],"Abundance":[140],"ceiling:":[141],"every":[142],"born":[144],"evaporating":[147],"window":[148,196],"5.14e14":[152,191],"leaves":[154],"non-evaporating":[156],"present":[161],"Omega_rem,0":[163,216],"beta":[165,178,212],"(M_rem/M)":[166],"Omega_r,0":[167],"(1+z_form);":[168],"requiring":[169],"remnants":[170,238],"not":[171],"exceed":[173],"dark-matter":[175],"gives":[177,215],"<=":[179],"4.83e-19":[180],"floor,":[183],"6.00e-19":[184],"1e14":[186,210],"6.99e-18":[189],"g.":[192],"Scenarios":[193],"ceiling":[199],"overclose":[200],"universe":[202],"this":[204,267],"are":[207,259],"excluded":[208],"(at":[209],"1e-15":[214],"442,":[218],"versus":[219],"1.1e-16":[220],"same":[223],"scenario":[224],"Planck-mass":[226],"remnants);":[227],"scenarios":[228],"or":[230],"published":[233],"ceilings":[235],"survive,":[236],"as":[239],"all":[240,291],"dark":[243],"matter":[244],"(beta":[245],"beta_max)":[247],"imply":[248],"n_0":[249],"2.61e-44":[251],"cm^-3,":[252],"mean":[253],"separation":[254],"22.5":[255],"AU.":[256],"All":[257],"numbers":[258],"produced":[260],"deposited":[263],"compute.py.":[264],"AI-use":[265],"disclosure:":[266],"paper":[268],"was":[269],"drafted":[270],"computed":[272],"assistance":[275],"Dave,":[277],"an":[278],"AI":[279],"assistant":[280],"operated":[281],"Industries,":[284],"under":[285],"direction":[287],"author;":[290],"derivations,":[292],"computations,":[293],"conclusions":[295],"were":[296],"reviewed":[297],"against":[298],"equations":[301],"deposit.":[303]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2026-11-11T00:00:00"}
