{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225733473","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2026.2004045","title":"2-bromopalmitate modulates macrophage polarization and mitophagy through STAT1-associated signaling in immune thrombocytopenia","display_name":"2-bromopalmitate modulates macrophage polarization and mitophagy through STAT1-associated signaling in immune thrombocytopenia","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225733473","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2026.2004045"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fimmu.2026.2004045","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2026.2004045","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2026.2004045","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595292759","display_name":"Frontiers in Immunology","issn_l":"1664-3224","issn":["1664-3224"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Immunology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2026.2004045","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161403286","display_name":"Xiaoyuan Fan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802734952","display_name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/02qx1ae98","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802734952"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoyuan Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802734952"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5153237384","display_name":"Mingwei Li","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802734952","display_name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/02qx1ae98","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802734952"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingwei Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802734952"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126019659","display_name":"Danlu Li","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802734952","display_name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/02qx1ae98","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802734952"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Danlu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802734952"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101805918","display_name":"Li Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9011-9192","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9011-9192"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802734952","display_name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/02qx1ae98","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802734952"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802734952"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113699770","display_name":"Mei Yan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802734952","display_name":"First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/02qx1ae98","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802734952"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mei Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802734952"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5113699770"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802734952"],"apc_list":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"apc_paid":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10746","display_name":"Platelet Disorders and Treatments","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2720","display_name":"Hematology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10746","display_name":"Platelet Disorders and Treatments","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2720","display_name":"Hematology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11503","display_name":"Cytokine Signaling Pathways and Interactions","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12672","display_name":"Phagocytosis and Immune Regulation","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776682551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21072584","display_name":"Macrophage polarization","level":4,"score":0.7835000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779324830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1806192","display_name":"Mitophagy","level":4,"score":0.6492999792098999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95444343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141","display_name":"Cell biology","level":1,"score":0.6434000134468079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779244956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184204","display_name":"Macrophage","level":3,"score":0.5795000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28859421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39572","display_name":"Mitochondrion","level":2,"score":0.5669999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777003663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14912030","display_name":"STAT1","level":3,"score":0.5558000206947327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778175917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17125553","display_name":"Mitochondrial ROS","level":3,"score":0.5400000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171958077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q419333","display_name":"STAT protein","level":4,"score":0.527899980545044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.4885999858379364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.4884999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48349386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424361","display_name":"Reactive oxygen species","level":2,"score":0.46700000762939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910375186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184204","display_name":"M2 Macrophage","level":4,"score":0.4212999939918518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776914184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101991","display_name":"Inflammation","level":2,"score":0.36079999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75385678","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4896390","display_name":"Inner mitochondrial membrane","level":3,"score":0.35899999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62478195","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q828130","display_name":"Signal transduction","level":2,"score":0.34610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83464605","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q575296","display_name":"Antigen presentation","level":4,"score":0.3190999925136566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.31779998540878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778754761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q421804","display_name":"Lipopolysaccharide","level":2,"score":0.3111000061035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.30959999561309814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778690821","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212354","display_name":"Cytokine","level":2,"score":0.3077999949455261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136449434","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428253","display_name":"Innate immune system","level":3,"score":0.29159998893737793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150555746","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210973","display_name":"Cell signaling","level":3,"score":0.2770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161478664","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901955","display_name":"Phagosome","level":3,"score":0.2628999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778448707","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7562147","display_name":"Sonodynamic therapy","level":3,"score":0.25859999656677246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780216420","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83330","display_name":"Lysosome","level":3,"score":0.25220000743865967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88045685","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174576","display_name":"Activator (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.2517000138759613}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fimmu.2026.2004045","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2026.2004045","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2026.2004045","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595292759","display_name":"Frontiers in Immunology","issn_l":"1664-3224","issn":["1664-3224"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Immunology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fimmu.2026.2004045","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2026.2004045","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2026.2004045","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595292759","display_name":"Frontiers in Immunology","issn_l":"1664-3224","issn":["1664-3224"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Immunology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1979448464","https://openalex.org/W1981106318","https://openalex.org/W1985538633","https://openalex.org/W2048532536","https://openalex.org/W2059241988","https://openalex.org/W2068833431","https://openalex.org/W2103230459","https://openalex.org/W2108326484","https://openalex.org/W2113010696","https://openalex.org/W2317918361","https://openalex.org/W2467595612","https://openalex.org/W2536673977","https://openalex.org/W2602846991","https://openalex.org/W2728626877","https://openalex.org/W2966577796","https://openalex.org/W3048335123","https://openalex.org/W3120403996","https://openalex.org/W3135150747","https://openalex.org/W3139615867","https://openalex.org/W3163276509","https://openalex.org/W3186795453","https://openalex.org/W4225304649","https://openalex.org/W4281669050","https://openalex.org/W4281965033","https://openalex.org/W4306790604","https://openalex.org/W4317433604","https://openalex.org/W4361196926","https://openalex.org/W4377940049","https://openalex.org/W4385230060","https://openalex.org/W4387617143","https://openalex.org/W4388598863","https://openalex.org/W4389913679","https://openalex.org/W4391752495","https://openalex.org/W4395672590","https://openalex.org/W4396809209","https://openalex.org/W4399203475","https://openalex.org/W4400604921","https://openalex.org/W4401091260","https://openalex.org/W4401223662","https://openalex.org/W4403073137","https://openalex.org/W4403157942","https://openalex.org/W4403903825","https://openalex.org/W4405080901","https://openalex.org/W4405310473","https://openalex.org/W4407752013","https://openalex.org/W4409544038","https://openalex.org/W4410052687","https://openalex.org/W4415931528","https://openalex.org/W7118163876","https://openalex.org/W7128053285","https://openalex.org/W7128446801","https://openalex.org/W7130510367","https://openalex.org/W7135047052"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,90,170],"immune":[1,20],"thrombocytopenia":[2],"(ITP),":[3],"an":[4,134,139,197,239],"autoimmune":[5],"bleeding":[6],"disorder,":[7],"macrophages":[8],"serve":[9],"as":[10,238],"key":[11],"effector":[12],"cells":[13],"that":[14,72],"mediate":[15],"platelet":[16,183],"clearance":[17],"and":[18,24,48,84,106,115,120,147,167,196,226,231,251,271,283],"sustain":[19],"dysregulation.":[21],"Signal":[22],"transducer":[23],"activator":[25],"of":[26,175,200,246,265,275],"transcription":[27],"1":[28],"(STAT1)":[29],"regulates":[30],"inflammatory":[31,91,136,281],"macrophage":[32,39,54,85,168,232,249,266,280],"activation,":[33,227],"whereas":[34],"mitochondrial":[35,43,49,81,110,116,123,158,161,228,252,284],"quality":[36,50,82,229,285],"control":[37,51],"shapes":[38],"function":[40,86,267],"by":[41,130],"maintaining":[42],"homeostasis.":[44],"Although":[45],"STAT1-associated":[46,79],"signaling":[47,237,282],"both":[52],"influence":[53],"function,":[55],"their":[56],"functional":[57,241],"relationship":[58],"in":[59,87,157,193,206,211,223,254,268],"ITP":[60,270],"remains":[61],"unclear.":[62],"Here,":[63],"we":[64],"used":[65],"2-bromopalmitate":[66],"(2-BP),":[67],"a":[68,131,171],"broad-spectrum":[69],"pharmacological":[70],"probe":[71],"perturbs":[73],"the":[74,154,194,212,244,263],"S-acylation":[75,225],"cycle,":[76],"to":[77,243],"examine":[78],"signaling,":[80],"control,":[83,230],"experimental":[88,255,269],"ITP.":[89,256],"macrophages,":[92],"2-BP":[93,177,247],"treatment":[94,178],"was":[95,179],"associated":[96,180],"with":[97,181],"reduced":[98,113,143,189],"hydroxylamine-sensitive":[99],"STAT1":[100,103,151,224,236],"S-acylation,":[101],"decreased":[102],"Tyr701":[104],"phosphorylation":[105],"nuclear":[107],"accumulation,":[108],"restored":[109],"membrane":[111,162],"potential,":[112,163],"cellular":[114],"reactive":[117,164],"oxygen":[118,165],"species,":[119,166],"increased":[121,198],"PINK1/Parkin-associated":[122],"quality-control":[124,159],"markers.":[125],"These":[126,204,257],"changes":[127,208,222],"were":[128,209],"accompanied":[129],"shift":[132],"from":[133],"M1-like":[135],"phenotype":[137],"toward":[138],"M2-like":[140,201],"immunoregulatory":[141],"phenotype,":[142],"pro-inflammatory":[144],"cytokine":[145],"production,":[146],"lower":[148],"particle":[149],"uptake.":[150],"overexpression":[152],"attenuated":[153,210],"2-BP-associated":[155,205,221],"improvements":[156],"markers,":[160],"phenotype.":[169],"passive":[172],"mouse":[173],"model":[174],"ITP,":[176],"improved":[182],"recovery,":[184],"ameliorated":[185],"splenic":[186,202],"histopathological":[187],"changes,":[188],"macrophage-associated":[190],"CD41":[191],"signals":[192],"spleen,":[195],"proportion":[199],"macrophages.":[203],"vivo":[207],"2-BP/Mdivi-1":[213],"co-treatment":[214],"group.":[215],"Collectively,":[216],"these":[217],"findings":[218,258],"identify":[219],"concurrent":[220],"function.":[233],"They":[234],"support":[235,272],"important":[240],"contributor":[242],"effects":[245],"on":[248],"reprogramming":[250],"homeostasis":[253],"provide":[259],"mechanistic":[260],"insight":[261],"into":[262],"regulation":[264],"further":[273],"investigation":[274],"more":[276],"selective":[277],"strategies":[278],"targeting":[279],"control.":[286]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2026-11-11T00:00:00"}
