{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225730267","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24111461","title":"The Remnant-Floor Window: What Existing Surveys Constrain at the Aldred Frame's Evaporation Floor of 8.66e13 g","display_name":"The Remnant-Floor Window: What Existing Surveys Constrain at the Aldred Frame's Evaporation Floor of 8.66e13 g","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225730267","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24111461"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24111461","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24111461","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24111461","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24111461","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159396451","display_name":"William Alexander Aldred","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Aldred, William Alexander","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1215-577X","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5159396451"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11090","display_name":"Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena","score":0.8740000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11090","display_name":"Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena","score":0.8740000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10744","display_name":"Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations","score":0.027000000700354576,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10463","display_name":"Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research","score":0.02419999986886978,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125125069","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1028022","display_name":"Gravitational microlensing","level":3,"score":0.9039999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.6044999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178635117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747499","display_name":"RADIUS","level":2,"score":0.5835999846458435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68709404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134475","display_name":"Flux (metallurgy)","level":2,"score":0.48399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61441594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132814","display_name":"Evaporation","level":2,"score":0.45969998836517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.4514999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.4092000126838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.40869998931884766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77553402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13222579","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","level":2,"score":0.39320001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151201525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177239","display_name":"Limit (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188198153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1613840","display_name":"Limiting","level":2,"score":0.3578000068664551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.3522999882698059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140878338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q947987","display_name":"Critical mass (sociodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.3294999897480011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778751112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q835016","display_name":"Window (computing)","level":2,"score":0.32179999351501465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.32089999318122864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91738503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3265048","display_name":"Mass flux","level":2,"score":0.310699999332428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777586563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2995755","display_name":"Density contrast","level":2,"score":0.3009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165129702","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180892","display_name":"Solar mass","level":3,"score":0.2904999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159176650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43261","display_name":"Horizon","level":2,"score":0.29010000824928284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62354387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875399","display_name":"Boundary (topology)","level":2,"score":0.2777000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.26820001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135889238","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46276","display_name":"Kinetic energy","level":2,"score":0.25929999351501465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539450922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q544","display_name":"Solar System","level":2,"score":0.25209999084472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.25119999051094055}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24111461","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24111461","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24111461","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24111462","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24111462","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24111462","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24111461","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24111461","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24111461","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"the":[1,58,110,126,128,139,174,193,213,216,225,228,238,244,248,262,281,301,306],"Aldred":[2,290],"frame":[3],"(Einstein-Cartan":[4],"spin-torsion":[5],"gravity,":[6],"limiting":[7],"density":[8],"rho_A":[9],"=":[10,21,24,177,207],"9.72e54":[11],"g/cm^3),":[12],"Hawking":[13],"evaporation":[14],"halts":[15],"at":[16,57,125,161,215],"a":[17,29,37,158,166],"floor":[18,35,85,127,159,217,221,249],"mass":[19,60,250],"M_rem":[20],"8.66e13":[22],"g":[23,106,150],"4.35e-20":[25],"solar":[26,82],"masses,":[27],"leaving":[28],"stable,":[30],"non-radiating":[31],"remnant.":[32],"Taking":[33],"that":[34,90],"as":[36,270],"given":[38],"input":[39],"(Aldred":[40],"2026,":[41],"DOI":[42],"10.5281/zenodo.24102542),":[43],"this":[44,276],"paper":[45,277],"prices":[46],"every":[47],"published":[48,210,265],"observational":[49],"channel":[50,235],"used":[51],"to":[52,144,157,170,189,243,253],"constrain":[53],"compact-object":[54],"dark":[55,229],"matter":[56],"single":[59,232],"M_rem:":[61],"microlensing":[62],"(Subaru/HSC":[63],"Andromeda,":[64,98],"OGLE,":[65],"EROS),":[66],"femtolensing":[67,241],"of":[68,227,283,303],"gamma-ray":[69,141],"bursts,":[70],"evaporation-based":[71],"limits,":[72],"and":[73,112,172,181,219,296,300],"capture/dynamical":[74],"channels.":[75],"Microlensing":[76],"gives":[77],"no":[78,209],"constraint":[79],"below":[80,89],"1e-11":[81],"masses":[83],"(the":[84],"is":[86,131,204,240],"8.36":[87],"dex":[88,108,191],"edge;":[91],"computed":[92],"Einstein":[93],"radius":[94],"1.24":[95],"km":[96],"toward":[97],"wave-optics":[99],"parameter":[100],"2.6e-9).":[101],"Femtolensing":[102],"nominally":[103],"covers":[104],"5e17-1e20":[105],"(3.76":[107],"above":[109,192],"floor)":[111],"its":[113],"bound":[114,165],"was":[115,278],"withdrawn":[116],"for":[117,151,173,236],"realistic":[118],"source":[119],"sizes":[120],"(Katz":[121],"et":[122],"al.":[123],"2018);":[124],"fringe":[129,246],"spacing":[130,247],"2.32":[132],"GeV.":[133],"Evaporation-based":[134],"limits":[135],"(Voyager":[136],"1,":[137],"INTEGRAL,":[138],"extragalactic":[140],"background,":[142],"down":[143],"f":[145],"~":[146],"1e-10":[147],"near":[148],"1e14":[149],"evaporating":[152],"holes)":[153],"do":[154],"not":[155],"apply":[156],"remnant":[160,175],"all,":[162],"because":[163],"they":[164],"present-day":[167],"flux":[168],"proportional":[169],"|dM/dt|":[171],"dM/dt":[176],"0":[178],"exactly.":[179],"Capture":[180],"dynamical":[182],"channels":[183,202],"have":[184],"their":[185],"nearest":[186],"edges":[187],"2.06":[188],"5.06":[190],"floor.":[194],"The":[195,231],"largest":[196],"dark-matter":[197],"fraction":[198],"allowed":[199],"by":[200,261,289,298],"all":[201,292],"jointly":[203],"therefore":[205],"f_max":[206],"1:":[208],"limit":[211],"closes":[212],"window":[214,239],"mass,":[218],"stable":[220],"remnants":[222],"could":[223],"constitute":[224],"whole":[226],"matter.":[230],"most":[233],"promising":[234],"closing":[237],"extended":[242],"GeV":[245],"predicts,":[251],"restricted":[252],"small-source":[254],"fast-variability":[255],"bursts.":[256],"All":[257],"numbers":[258],"are":[259],"produced":[260],"deposited":[263],"compute.py;":[264],"survey":[266],"reaches":[267],"enter":[268],"it":[269],"labelled":[271],"literature":[272],"inputs.":[273],"AI-use":[274],"disclosure:":[275],"prepared":[279],"with":[280],"assistance":[282],"Dave,":[284],"an":[285],"AI":[286],"system":[287],"built":[288],"Industries;":[291],"computations":[293],"were":[294],"performed":[295],"checked":[297],"script,":[299],"author":[302],"record":[304],"reviewed":[305],"results.":[307]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2026-11-11T00:00:00"}
